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"I LOVE YOU" in:! l; H6 J* g% y; o6 {' o2 g( ?
$ T, D# @9 I1 i8 c4 w# w
Afrikaans : Ek is lief vir jou$ D1 O1 D* b; U* I
: Ek het jou lief2 x6 X* E% s& l/ r' X% @
Albanian : Te dua, n0 z8 B+ X- J" i8 H
: Te dashuroj
/ _; r2 M/ {/ \ : Ti je zemra ime
' r( A6 }$ j6 y3 `4 }# ]8 p8 V0 ]9 iAlentejano : Gosto de ti, porra!
# I, O: `% ^% t' gAlsacien (Elsass) : Ich hoan dich gear
- J# H# }8 O0 \' P. dAmharic (Aethio.) : Afekrishalehou
1 H5 I8 P" r5 m" T0 H : Afekrischalehou
( D2 I9 f( {8 {% O7 u. ?, P, FAmharic (Ethiopian) : Ewedishalehu (male/female to female)
( g* U$ U" O2 u6 i& |5 ^' y : Ewedihalehu (male/female to male)3 E: g- @8 ]) E. }
American Sign Language : __ (signed with right hand)2 \1 ^: R6 h+ \3 @! A
: __ ( )% \4 C# c( W; Y, }$ a
: ( ) |__|
. P! T g$ B" g4 V : |__| __ __ | |
% ~' D- s5 C3 W. ~* A7 p0 E7 b : | |( )( )|__| __6 f: D# z7 C) U( B& y: f
: |__||__||__|| | / )
2 ]8 W% g/ x6 [ : | (__)(__) | / /
$ ~! V' O, s, x z: Y" ?2 B5 d : | |/ /
( @' `5 M" x- j# f0 U( a : | / /0 x; b# l) F8 T3 q! J
: \ /
: R% }4 m3 P' P- P! n V2 J+ jApache : Sheth she~n zho~n (nasalized vowels like
% c4 H9 E) Q: y& [1 V French, '~n' as in French
1 I( A! W& S: s; ? 'salon')
3 |6 r9 X( s( P0 Y: j& m; }, OArabic (formal) : Ohiboke (male to female)
& v( W3 X3 z c4 D) z$ R : Ohiboki (male to female)% R7 e7 ~$ |! z* ?8 ~- R
: Ohibokoma (male or female to two males/ Q& ~# `( B$ A) j, j, O- W8 g5 {# H& {; Z
or two females)
0 H6 n: i6 D/ h9 W" F9 h : Nohiboke (more than one male or females( w# m" K/ Z6 w+ g/ x* i9 f
to female)% g* h+ Z3 t5 m: k
: Nohiboka (male to male or female to male)% {! x! p9 I' ^- [* {. ^* A- c
: Nohibokoma (male to male or female to two' R% L0 q* U) R" e$ a( P6 N
males or two females)
" _' B* ` V& e# z1 r : Nohibokom (male to male or female to more
3 W% N1 W- [. K+ Q7 h# n7 O5 C than two males)
3 }" f6 b: M6 i3 T* Y# K2 ] : Nohibokon (male to male or female to more
$ R4 s- H' V. ~) V h than two females)/ ^/ h0 ?/ q/ G8 g! b: E2 E. ~0 i
Arabic (proper) : Ooheboki (male to female)
" l3 D1 ~: W. K; S& I m : Ooheboka (female to male)& I9 G- ^( G. t) \' A7 @' i
Arabic : Ana behibak (female to male)6 z1 p$ g4 ~. ]* N" P8 x! I L
: Ana behibek (male to female)# [ O: z& Z' a/ N5 @, k
: Ahebich (male to female)2 |, q) P" w! i7 G
: Ahebik (female to male)$ J) U6 ?. V3 Y. `
: Ana ahebik
2 i8 p% w5 s& @, @4 p : Ib'n hebbak5 l2 _6 q& Z( r p
: Ana ba-heb-bak
$ E' p! i* T7 ~; \" v; ^7 C, @ : Bahibak (female to male)3 p; C- x6 C) ^. T' S/ S) p
: Bahibik (male to female)5 T( O( Z% ^" h/ v6 O: K) W
: Benhibak (more than one male or female to male)
( R0 L1 F2 I3 c7 n3 M : Benhibik (male to male or female to female)6 i3 b4 k2 O- t1 {' I
: Benhibkom (male to male or female to more( T C/ V7 G( ~5 ?! d
than one male)" B8 v" l) q7 R) l/ R
: Nhebuk (spoken to someone of importance)
5 R- |3 p3 V8 G9 _7 b8 {! y( ]Arabic (Umggs.) : Ana hebbek
% O/ d7 _: m( j, K" Q Y1 BArmenian : Yes kez si'rumem ~2 r. Y2 v1 V0 _) k
Ashanti/Akan/Twi : Me dor wo; c1 s! T- D D4 M
Assamese : Moi tomak bhal pau/ {( h) p0 A: L0 r
+ v$ c, U( k7 Q) J* H7 A$ o2 W$ U
Bangladeschi : Ami tomake walobashi: b: O9 m0 { Q5 i6 |
Basque : Maite zaitut2 q! q Z! c: U% ~- ~8 `
: Nere maitea ("My love.")
) p+ g, c# q6 n: |+ x2 A" jBassa : Mengweswe
0 j& T: `$ w8 t- Y6 y$ }( aBatak : Holong rohangku di ho1 p$ {2 X" t+ n: ?8 R
Bemba : Ndikufuna
! j1 b* c. Q7 X. yBengali : Aami tomaake bhaalo baashi
$ A$ H# ~1 f: }+ ~( c9 e0 N : Ami tomay bhalobashi
, x( w# n7 t# O : Ami tomake bahlobashi' o2 ?2 `- U6 f3 N* X3 G7 ^
Berber : Lakh tirikh
2 B7 ^6 D7 S5 UBicol : Namumutan ta ka
5 n$ Q n# V5 W; aBolivian Quechua : Qanta munani0 z0 D) w& q; j4 \ ~' V& j
Bosnian : Volim te: E( C% V) A, _; m) e. \0 d' e! ]
Braille : :..:| ..:| |..-.. .::":.., :.:;+ r8 y" h; x2 _/ D: e
Brazilian/Portuguese : Eu te amo (pronounced 'eiu chee amu')' p6 d! y* i3 O* p+ |
: Amo te
# ]/ \) o. A" v/ s2 S: F/ wBulgarian : Obicham te
( I- y3 J( Z' O' F7 Y3 Q : As te obeicham
0 |: A' I4 r, Z4 F* C+ \ : As te obicham
- \* M" \+ ^, D9 ? : Obozhavam te ("I love you very much")
/ D0 |2 I# V, hBurmese : Chit pa de
& C0 Y1 ^& s' M4 l4 X. P0 E' j! B, R% @( i
Cajun : Mi aime jou9 W9 y4 B$ {! ^9 Q% M( z* g3 V
Cambodian : Kh_nhaum soro_lahn nhee_ah
: c; e2 k0 |( e! ~8 a : Bon sro lanh oon) `# P% G6 @& [" y: n
Canadian French : Sh'teme (spoken, sounds like this)7 P; j! y- u+ Y! ?# G' G) K4 Y) y% j
: Je t'aime ("I like you")$ ?; R0 R7 B% E; k w. p y
: Je t'adore ("I love you")/ C6 c. U, {3 M3 s3 B
Catalan : T'estimo (Catalonian)2 R9 y8 m8 W( W, g. f3 T' W) t
: T'estim (Mallorcan)6 t8 \: `. U# @1 `) ]5 P
: T'estime (Valencian)
1 a( x; H9 c3 L0 c6 M : T'estim molt ("I love you a lot")
2 F) z, q1 O! M' y+ ~, @9 J/ g! d& ~Cebuano : Gihigugma ko ikaw
) u$ K3 {! d0 a9 H, B, ?. }Chamoru (or Chamorro) : Hu guaiya hao
, Y* p' b% x5 |Cherokee : Aya gvgeyu'i nihi
* u0 S+ t4 V' E) d8 ]: tCheyenne : Ne mohotatse; z2 q% N9 o; }& I% [6 o# L
Chichewa : Ndimakukonda, X5 M* l% B6 A) E3 B
Chickasaw : Chiholloli (first 'i' nasalized)) ~7 P4 C" x- K! ~+ }/ n
Chinese : Goa ai li (Amoy)6 O! M* b, G+ _, z4 W* y
: Ngo oi ney (Cantonese) g. E! o6 ^3 Q% }2 U- p$ `6 U1 k
: Wo oi ney ( " )
5 O! X- b' h/ h4 k) o : Ngai oi gnee (Hakka)
4 M4 b5 r* K! X$ N. T+ U3 O( c : Ngai on ni ( " )
1 ~, E! h& `0 ]5 n9 Y : Wa ai lu (Hokkien)
4 W9 `4 a' H' y7 q! q : Wo ai ni (Mandarin)
* t3 l( ]( Y& `: M) Z7 V, U : Wo ie ni ( " )+ t4 Q& `/ P( R5 s6 B* h
: Wuo ai nee ( " )- R0 O( `5 [6 z* q
: Wo ay ni ( " ); B/ _* P& S, T) B( O
: Wo ai ni (Putunghua)
) Y0 C8 n& ?4 x/ j : Ngo ai nong (Wu)8 L' i' I- o* I* D% U+ S
Corsican : Ti tengu cara (male to female)
8 g) g+ D7 K: n6 L j : Ti tengu caru (female to male)
# r+ z8 h! Y5 H% F! ?* @Creol : Mi aime jou
# r% X B" [* f" e2 [+ r) MCroatian (familiar) : Ja te volim (used in proper speech)
0 b7 W2 v. L8 A9 \6 B# v) j : Volim te (used in common speech), {- f' d' S' m8 \# r) e
Croatian (formal) : Ja vas volim (used in proper speech)
$ n% A! w$ e9 S# u : Volim vas (used in common speech)! w# E1 a: |' m, C
: Ljubim te (in todays useage, "I kiss you",( t: t9 J( K4 X; h% ?
'lj' pronounced like 'll' in$ f( ?# r( T- }- }
Spanish, one sound, 'ly'ish)
8 H' z5 [/ N( [: j5 ?Croatian (old) : Ljubim te (may still be found in poetry)& \+ k8 C9 ^/ s9 n& s: f$ d: d' W/ N
Czech : Miluji te (a downwards pointing arrowhead
5 J' p$ f$ _8 [ on top of the 'e' in te, which is! s& b T; \9 t9 X6 Z; z
pronounced 'ye')
5 b8 y d' y+ @5 ~4 j- r : Miluju te! (colloquial form)! J0 I1 x9 g' e7 ^$ B1 b
: Ma'm te (velmi) ra'd (male speaker, "I like9 P1 W* `( r& z& `
you (very much)", often" [, a! J! }& i
used and prefered)
; U& x! u1 y( ^" X' ` : Ma'm te (velmi) ra'da (female speaker); f& Y ?# ^2 m n
5 |1 h; O* s X) ?* @$ V ~6 E
Danish : Jeg elsker dig
9 V& T) I# z" ]/ {. x3 q, g5 p% M" jDusun : Siuhang oku dia
* F$ q+ I" `' m( x, {' {1 L8 l7 oDutch : Ik hou van je; i% N6 g2 e4 t0 h4 R* i9 b! ~9 c
: Ik hou van jou% ^" U' G* A5 x! x5 O- H
: Ik bemin je (old fashioned): J- Y P$ H( d4 g
: Ik bemin jou ( " )
# |: k! N2 }6 d. P' { : Ik heb je lief ( " )2 ~2 X7 ^2 I0 f, v# u5 _
: Ik ben verliefd op je ("I am in love with you")- l3 j) Y+ [) Y5 E
: Ik ben verliefd op jou ( " )
4 i8 m+ l/ d3 j+ D) j : Ik houd erg veel van jou ("I love you very P+ c- G7 m4 i2 x: }
: Ik houd erg veel van je much")
1 F' F- _! L3 ?! P* O' q : Ik vind je leuk ("I like you")' D" }6 W( n2 `5 ^" L! f7 `
: Ik vind je aardig ( " )! h. \9 a5 \) v
: Ik vind je heel erg leuk ("I like you very
' [9 U* F9 Z( q : Ik vind je heel aardig much")7 ]! J; J. ?! E9 _
: Ik zie je graag
+ U8 n: K' n9 j, f; ~. P : Ik mag jou wel ("I like you")
* V$ v% \0 O1 o. i% \ : Ik mag jou heel graag ("I like you very much")& z% u! W% y. |2 `& Q
(the last two are more superficial, thus more
# |! Y! P% L" ^7 D* M suitable for male to male)4 W# H# i) n. F3 y9 X
& t0 w+ E: F: g2 ~9 GEcuador Quechua : Canda munani. y$ j6 x3 V9 y u0 M. Y$ d
English : I love you# w* r+ A# F5 }% Q) [/ n1 r7 \. y
: I adore you' ^2 e! L3 @; l3 O" P& V4 p' ?
: I love thee (used only in Christian context)
! k2 Q9 N" y4 dEsperanto : Mi amas vin
6 ?4 l! i- a4 Z4 _Estonian : Mina armastan sind
' f8 F! d2 {3 }0 j, x, h : Ma armastan sind
5 @( x3 S+ _0 |( _ P5 R4 U' dEthiopian : Afgreki'4 g) ^! J- Q+ F" [+ w2 R
" s% z- H0 ` l! V; U3 Y9 AFarsi (old) : Tora dust mi daram: o% {9 Z' l/ }6 j& F
Farsi : Tora dost daram ("I love you")) q3 ?. P& J7 E: k: J
: Asheghetam
: j/ V8 {9 o% `, j : Doostat daram ("I'm in love with you")7 o- C5 P$ ~: R0 W& j/ Y
: Man asheghetam ("I'm in love with you")6 }$ u" y' Z. I. v0 p0 l" u+ A
Filipino : Mahal ka ta' E/ h" m9 o9 l& o
: Iniibig kita
+ ]2 y' J% \! a : Mahal kita
) j1 V% J! L, {' p& Z7 D. wFinnish (formal) : Mina" rakastan sinua! o! x/ m. j* {- f* G: g
: Rakastan sinua
) ^ Z* S9 |) |% ]7 ~! {# ]- m9 L" g : Mina" pida"n sinusta ("I like you")
, @0 c; V( c. o( J ^Finnish : (Ma") rakastan sua
% B4 I, A0 D' [; _ : (Ma") tykka"a"n susta ("I like you")+ S7 w2 |6 X, d. q# |5 w0 [" C8 o W5 S
French : Je t'aime ("I love you")+ i Z6 _+ n/ x! Y- ^
: Je t'adore ("I love you", stronger meaning; g' u5 P+ J5 ?4 U
between lovers)
) v7 b. O& N8 B : J' t'aime bien ("I like you", meant for friends
" W3 M* l) m. Y0 v and family, not for lovers)
3 b" ?, k* @% a5 mFrench (formal) : Je vous aime
7 V8 n! x4 u: ]8 M
) Q8 y3 I$ B4 d$ {* iGaelic : Ta gra agam ort+ } h0 p" E+ v4 c+ n. R! D
: Moo graugh hoo9 N+ \) I% w. v& V+ P& [+ k
German (formal) : Ich liebe Sie (rarely used)- w1 h$ W4 G% Q, T- d4 A. m
German : Ich liebe dich+ \( r0 C3 s+ [0 S6 K6 i; u- q7 x
: Ich hab dich lieb (not so classic and# o6 ^/ ~ f( e+ K0 a6 [" l
conservative)5 b+ q; r- A6 \( R0 l/ z
German dialects:+ u% ]* P5 d- r, |; l
Bavarian (Bayrisch) : I moag di gern2 \$ O' u, K0 J+ _6 P& c) V
(Bavaria/Bayern) : I mog di (right answer: "I di a")0 l( ~/ _( D" x }, H$ k
: I lieb di5 r$ I, P! W3 v- G4 {
Berlin dialect : Ick liebe dir (Old, very old)
( H/ l, F: C- N) r (Berlinerisch) : Ick liebe Dich8 i: o/ i4 c" M. D# X+ F
Berner-Deutsch : Ig liebe di
9 h/ V, y3 f# x/ q1 n' ZBochumer : Ich lieb Dich!
. i# Q A: v; M {/ GFranconian (Fra"nkisch): Du gfa"llsd mer fai/ w0 ^) ], O# P1 @2 M2 y
(Franconia/Franken) : Bisd scho mai gouds freggerla (already in a* k4 n( L5 k5 B8 V- L# h
relationship)' i5 [4 e O, y0 R& q
: Mid dier ma"cherd ich a amol (sexually touched,; T$ G+ ?# B. O0 z
ment as a compliment, not litterally)
: |9 @! o7 d( k2 X (the above 3 entries really mean "I like you",4 u! G- j+ T% |& K
a Franke would never say "I love you")
, s E+ b1 L0 |9 PFriesian (Friesisch) : Ik hou fan dei (sp?) R' c' Z. g/ C( P `
: Ik hald fan dei
: J7 o1 ~& b5 }! N2 q3 Y* jHessian (Hessisch) : Isch habb disch libb
- J7 v; B1 D, F5 sOstfriesisch : Ick heb di leev
, u& {( O }; }! c5 R! F2 C2 ^' XSaarla"ndisch : Isch hann disch lieb
5 \/ M/ S" ?4 w) d% A2 F$ L3 \Saxon (Sa"chsisch) : Isch liebdsch
; g; V$ B9 A2 d3 |Swabian (Schwa"bisch) : ( ? )
: ~6 W3 L# ?% s! x1 l, A# `% a/ j a- CSwiss German : Ch'ha di ga"rn
5 l0 c- m& [ D( ?7 o' Z4 e0 X (Schweizerdeutsch)
' j, z# N: V6 `5 oVorarlberg dialect : I stand total uf di9 s( @" }% C a- X: E; l( D2 V/ A
(Vorarlbergerisch)' r- }, ]) v: ^: ]0 S
Greek : S'ayapo (spoken "s'agapo", 3rd letter is lower
2 {& L; N! _: F! _$ K. X# J, w4 x7 p case 'gamma')
6 z$ V& y: V6 E3 P( O( [9 ] : Eime eroteumenos mazi sou ("I'm in love with)6 R; |7 m& h r: J$ d$ [3 z
: Eime eroteumenos me 'sena(you", male to female); E0 l) k4 o- f; z1 G: S2 i6 H
: Eime eroteumeni mazi sou ("I'm in love with)
& D( p/ d+ q% T3 N( I : Eime eroteumeni me 'sena (you", female to male)0 `9 B, l0 }6 x
: Se latrevo ("I adore you")4 G, a e. n! {; y5 E! ^3 Q
: Se thelo ("I want you", denotes sexual desire) {3 r* w6 U8 J3 P
Greek (Arhea/Ancient) : Philo se- ?. Q* g1 H8 u
Greenlandic : Asavakit" X7 N9 d P8 y
Gronings : Ik hol van die
( Z+ A" ^2 o: p+ l# S9 E; HGuarani' : Rohiyu (ro-hai'-hyu)
) b- E( \! o- z: d$ C3 E. n0 ]Gujrati : Hoon tane pyar karoochhoon.
% a* u0 C& U; G! v : Hoon tuney chaoon chhoon ('n' is nasal, not" s! x2 M& \+ a4 P/ j
pronounced)
$ r2 I& V: P2 @2 f" d* y7 L# ^ o$ `* U( i$ Z# P
Hausa : Ina sonki* \ G! x! t, I; z' R& H
Hawaiian : Aloha wau ia 'oe0 u* |' b! C& \: U5 ]
: Aloha wau ia 'oe nui loa ("I love you' Z+ E% J- n7 f
very much")
: d9 c2 B1 c F$ }4 t- n; j/ `3 BHebrew : Anee ohev otakh (male to female)
$ s# F) r$ n: Y3 P6 C1 a : Anee ohevet otkha (female to male)% }! z. p- I) K' R& J0 t* S
: Anee ohev otkha (male to male)1 J4 k& `/ U! X/ Z r5 b
: Anee ohevet otakh (female to female)
) Y. I' m. p9 W: H1 H ('kh' pronounced like3 A4 i, Q" Q4 \' i7 p- O0 n
Spanish 'j', Dutch 'g', or similiar to( J1 X1 I' I& C i) {- B# i
French 'r')
' _: f7 q& Q3 T& O3 W+ C$ jHindi : Mai tumase pyar karata hun (male to female)
. f8 O( q6 `$ ^0 L : Mai tumase pyar karati hun (female to male)1 A, r/ K5 `4 U7 B$ I; _
: Mai tumse pyar karta hoon5 ?5 R: e4 G' f# u, d! e% K
: Mai tumse peyar karta hnu
) z/ a$ t j9 g! N5 ] : Mai tumse pyar karta hoo9 c; e& w- Z) R9 }" w
: Mai tujhe pyaar kartha hoo
- ?9 i. O" {; e! d) V" U+ i : Mae tumko peyar kia
7 i) }7 I& g" b& Q/ _ N : Main tumse pyar karta hoon2 S* f7 T& f; {' B* C- I
: Main tumse prem karta hoon( s# B3 `) a8 M, {; \# l6 z
: Main tuze pyar karta hoon ('n' is nasal, not: @# F( E1 J. s0 Y: e. A* b7 n2 B' H
pronounced)
' t I( ?7 D) A9 jHopi : Nu' umi unangwa'ta% l# M! L3 I6 L$ Y* E, ?9 z
Hungarian : Szeretlek% N- Z* S) P6 }3 a
: Te'gedet szeretlek ("It's you I love and5 B+ \7 k+ N0 v- j
no one else")
: d/ R# ?7 c% I, p : Szeretlek te'ged ("It's you I love, you know,
: u- g( S' n( k1 V4 V: [- U( i you", a reinforcement)' p0 Z* n$ B) d
(The above two entries are never heard in
: @( M: t5 ]0 t {: D3 Y2 v( i* N, s a normal context.)6 \0 z" v) Q% R; |8 R. k4 {
; z! k- y4 x8 @2 c' O3 K" c9 qIbaloi : Pip-piyan tana
0 k6 a+ P1 C5 S( c a : Pipiyan ta han shili ("I like/love you6 V) G4 p4 |6 w# w" L
very much")( B/ L, L$ ?8 l& v, l2 w1 C
Icelandic : Eg elska thig (pronounced 'yeg l-ska thig')
" ^) U' v% D8 }8 l0 `- d: C- wIlocano : Ay ayating ka
, H. n6 \0 b VIndonesian : Saya cinta padamu ('Saya', commonly used)
0 P4 s- t6 H. p$ K' c& I) } R : Saya cinta kamu ( " )
9 L; b: u" Z* [# r : Saya kasih saudari ( " )
$ t* X9 _% B# m H) q : Saja kasih saudari ( " )
% q# A0 G! N% X5 {( D : Aku tjinta padamu ('Aku', not often used)6 K8 b8 j( d& Z4 `7 i* t
: Aku cinta padamu ( " )
" `9 m9 b( ?* _* f. V3 A: ~+ \3 W : Aku cinta kamu ( " )# z, `. p: {3 u, ~$ r/ c1 p
Interglossa : Mi esthe philo tu
" z& Y/ M" ^! p* L$ V' QItalian : Ti amo (relationship/lover/spouse)
0 ^) @; L g' b, ]3 W : Ti voglio bene (between friends), l" v) W; ?4 A2 @3 d
: Ti voglio (strong sexual meaning, "I want
+ Q V! j6 ^; r8 o3 t you", refering to other person's5 _; s) l1 }, `9 J: Q' J e, _ B+ M
body)
5 t! J; v* e/ M% z. ~Irish : Taim i' ngra leat3 K$ k0 p; H1 s6 I
Irish/Gaelic : t'a gr'a agam dhuit5 @. k! n7 L5 g/ [
1 @; k$ {0 g9 @Japanese : Kimi o ai shiteru# x$ x" t4 W3 Z
: Aishiteru
3 A6 y* q& R- h1 I/ N R% [; w& u : Chuu shiteyo8 ~/ E& C! x* `* M0 b3 R% s
: Ora omee no koto ga suki da
$ N) q4 v5 w. o) [* T% f' c : Ore wa omae ga suki da' |- n/ v; H% {1 S q
: Suitonnen
+ a' I6 F8 t& A. O( n# i( N% ? : Sukiyanen
; _( T; ?4 ?" n : Sukiyo
: P I- r2 n& Z% n4 x : Watashi wa anata ga suki desu
0 p4 C [- E; L8 i: \ : Watashi wa anata wo aishithe imasu
6 [( O3 \1 `2 D% o- q+ m/ x : Watashi wa anata o aishitemasu
+ z' \- m. m! H" @! a8 u: o : A-i-shi-te ma-su k Y: m7 [ o/ a! p2 x0 y
: Watakushi-wa anata-wo ai shimasu( p- D' [/ N. |6 L$ m$ {
: Suki desu (used at the first time, like for a
, O S0 L" p7 _( c start, when you are not yet real lovers)' w" E }! y9 g
Javanese : Kulo tresno' U, _4 d- {) T) Z7 j5 j. P
) I/ F) {/ i& t, h5 c" K
Kankana : Laylaydek sik a0 ?) l# [3 Q0 Z! J+ y
Kannada : Naanu ninnanu preethisuthene: X" D- L5 U5 Y/ I
: Naanu ninnanu mohisuthene
& M% ^* S* C, c0 n) M/ oKikongo : Mono ke zola nge (mono ke' zola nge')
% D: p3 D& v* {- ^( l/ N: R4 eKiswahili : Nakupenda
( p. G1 y# r3 x& O4 l" }9 Q. S" x : Nakupenda wewe
( Y" ^+ W& ~) {- g: u4 ~ : Nakupenda malaika ("I love you, (my) angel")' T5 U- Q) Q2 a* y* o! w% n# B' G
Klingon : bangwI' SoH ("You are my beloved")' _$ j* J' I* Z/ A) X3 L
: qamuSHa' ("I love you")
4 l1 v9 ? L/ R : qamuSHa'qu' ("I love you very much")9 u/ _6 L- _* k. X3 a
: qaparHa' ("I like you")
2 |! h2 R" V r* I0 e3 u : qaparHa'qu' ("I like you very much!")1 J, y9 t0 j8 S Z4 y
(words are often unnecessary as the thought1 {) d4 m4 L4 v0 L9 m$ ^6 ?0 {" ~
is most often conveyed nonverbally with
+ W9 I7 E0 `% L( J) s* G special growlings)6 q$ A7 M6 `2 N) U9 o
Korean : (Tangsinul) Saranghae ("I love you")
9 t; ?1 L: I: l6 e1 P. ~ : (Tangsinul) Saranghaeyo (with a little respect)
: N+ Q$ u% Y+ G9 M- U' V E : (Tangsinul) Saranghapnida ( " )
' ^# R& O4 r7 e$ C7 ` : Nanun dangsineul saranghapnida ( " )
+ O/ f" H1 | x2 b% E : Tangsinul4 G0 w- d' c2 p, U4 J8 V
: Tangsinul sarang ha yo ("I love you, dear")
^$ g4 H7 t& m : Dangsinul saranghee yo$ F! L5 W, x9 i6 z) b
: Saranghee
# b9 w0 j' X- y5 A& } : Nanun dangsineul joahapnida ("I like you")6 _+ v5 d" J) K- ~5 r$ E/ Y
: Nanun dangsineul mucheog joahapnida ("I like
6 s' Z, l8 H4 l) b( ^1 W very much")
2 Z; P6 {) F, F) ^$ A* {+ V! l : Nanun dangsineul mucheog saranghapnida ("I love9 e* T7 x3 A; m* l9 t0 Y
you very much")
9 M2 E6 K2 U, r4 p" {9 I : Nanun gdaega joa ("I like him" or "I like her")
0 y5 [! r& S4 `5 ] : Nanun gdaereul saranghapnida ("I love him" or* U' g& Y; K' J. P7 y9 T/ w
"I love her")
' g1 I4 n0 Z) i) k( v5 v : Gdaereul hjanghan naemaeum alji ("You know how
u1 X, o6 v) ^1 x) R# Z+ K, C much I love him/her")1 K1 V, e! y1 m' j% ^- y
: Nanun neoreul saranghanda S4 O, ?0 x( Q( |4 w8 l
: Joahaeyo ("I like you")# j/ z1 h/ u5 t4 F0 d
: Saranghaeyo (more formal)
/ }" }* M, t# p- d5 Q7 z6 F i : Saranghapanida (more respectful)
- N* @4 w: l0 G. m% _8 X% T# S' ? : Norul sarang hae (male to female in casual M' M0 H6 }4 x; X+ H" l6 o4 d2 ~+ W
relationship)3 u S' n+ j' V0 L3 M$ l' d
: Tangshini choayo ("I like you, in a romantic3 _+ ]: u. ~% `1 M
way")
; Z6 z: O2 D& f% c1 k9 ]; oKpele : I walikana
" p7 P7 ]0 N* E% [. ]* dKurdish : Ez te hezdikhem" f9 x# q3 ]) T1 c2 i7 t* h( M( G* s
& P; [8 X" @4 G; NLao : Khoi hak jao' W. R/ G( q' j) g( o+ F7 \
: Khoi mak jao lai ("I love you very much")
/ p: b+ D6 N9 [# _ : Khoi hak jao lai ("I like you very much")
2 T+ n) }7 x/ T7 F" E# ]4 K : Khoi mak jao (This means "I prefer you",
2 m& a7 g' {8 J9 g: ^ but is used for "I love you".): @% S; i1 n- N
Latin : Te amo- g2 x/ Q! U1 H% [7 g3 n
: Vos amo
4 C9 }9 [" ]$ MLatin (old) : (Ego) Amo te ('Ego', for emphasis)! K; \& t1 s2 {7 U% a9 W% |) F
Latvian : Es tevi milu (pronounced 'es tevy meelu')) f) F, Q: x; Y+ v
('i in 'milu' has a line over it," O; L3 A. S6 k; ~: s7 L% w
a 'long i') C/ X& e; `8 }
: Es milu tevi (less common)- |( Y6 z" a: e/ e0 {, N6 n* C
Lebanese : Bahibak
) h; y6 V3 N, pLingala : Nalingi yo
, R' K% x7 t2 V+ N# J# JLisbon lingo : Gramo-te bue', chavalinha!
) x3 P. C7 }5 R, L1 I; bLithuanian : Tave myliu (Ta-ve mee-lyu)
" V8 _: I# ~4 S* U* k9 V : Ash mir lutavah% T& x# N# U$ O, H8 Y
Lojban : Mi do prami
( o! T) o+ ?' [$ S, @Luo : Aheri( v% n" R( f& t8 H- E
Luxembourgish : Ech hun dech ga"r; @! }/ l- ]9 K& m' p
1 I# c/ [! u9 m$ j/ W* }, eMaa : Ilolenge
! Z1 h! I5 G9 A; |; F" z2 JMacedonian : Te sakam (a little stronger than "I like you")8 A8 x* N6 R' G. Q# |2 a7 ~+ H' k
: Te ljubam ("I really love you")+ M# S1 L6 l+ J
: Jas te sakam ('j' sounds like 'y' in May)
9 O# j; J1 h2 n' z : Pozdrav ("Greetings")- b3 K- l( T6 F! F
Madrid lingo : Me molas, Tronca!
& m/ H, D! o: g8 j G7 ?5 WMaiese : Wa wa
( _+ [) W7 R& _! S7 C4 U& }. O2 oMalay/Indonesian : Saya cintakan kamu (grammatically correct)' U" @+ l( B2 ?$ u& }
: Saya cinta akan kamu(expanded version of above)1 B( ?! U+ d9 I4 D+ v: u4 n* t* l
: Saya sayangkan kamu (grammatically correct)8 |& d9 V8 U) D4 m
: Saya sayang akan kamu (expanded version)
) _1 c5 [2 L! Z* t: y1 | : Aku cinta pada mu (most direct translation)7 l, q' P( A+ ?
: Saya cintakan awak
* o h2 ?3 m4 C( u) i y4 t3 ? : Aku cinta pada kau' Y$ j4 a( D, ?- C3 t D
: Saya cinta pada mu (best, most commonly used)( M/ M2 Y2 v) u" I8 f& M" A
: Saya sayangkan engkau ('engkau' often shortened
# @& X, |) z% D9 ?% Y t5 S, R8 t to 'kau', 'engkau' is informal form and should: a3 [7 V7 I' Z) i- s& P! A: n/ J
only be used if you know the person _really_$ v/ C: v8 i1 f% B
well)
: l" h7 Z9 g; k' k- W : Saya sayang pada mu
+ |; w0 Y* d3 D : Aku sayangkan engkau' G: ~- y" {" m
: Saya sayang pada mu( }1 w2 M9 K3 ~
: Aku menyintai mu
7 C8 R4 L2 Y- o : Aku menyayangi mu n, l/ q h1 Y7 @! o1 k
: Aku kasih pada mu: h* P/ C% L/ d- @6 C
: Aku jatuh cinta pada mu
& L8 L% z, p# \- u) CMalayalam : Ngan ninne snaehikkunnu1 f7 y1 i, ^+ c$ j7 N9 D
: Njyaan ninne' preetikyunnu
- A9 M4 G4 `+ x( x* } : Njyaan ninne' mohikyunnu
5 S1 \! s9 T0 |4 j6 ~, OMaltese : Jien inhobbok
; g0 X: m; _+ c) \- xMarathi : Mi tuzya var prem karato: [; ?+ ?) t# ~. }% ^# r, T9 d( _
: Me tujhashi prem karto (male to female)! ~$ l' K1 S& T* f
: Me tujhashi prem karte (female to male)
& @2 w' S0 w4 qMarshallese : Yokwe yuk (sort of multi-purpose, like Aloha,
: F) H9 I& ~7 O+ `% y% n literally "Love to you, my friend")
( `0 s( Y6 R+ p" A8 i6 ~Mohawk : Konoronhkwa
5 x) T1 o' ]- s7 @. WMokilese : Ngoah mweoku kaua3 U$ x# X! p" ?. u& Y$ r6 }
Moroccan : Kanbhik (both mean the same, but spoken)
' d6 c: R/ Z! L : Kanhebek (in different cities)
6 f; ~& L6 `6 @9 Q9 _2 W ?) v* Z7 p4 B* C8 j
Navaho : Ayor anosh'ni, E- X) V6 j) y3 [
Ndebele : Niyakutanda# z3 v5 {7 s5 j9 i# b8 ^
Norwegian : Jeg elsker deg (Bokmaal)
6 x+ K$ `1 O" N; V8 v8 {5 \ : Eg elskar deg (Nynorsk)
6 ?/ k9 F9 X* S5 A* } : Jeg elsker deg (Riksmaal: outdated, formerly
3 S7 p" T" t; \$ }4 P* v6 ]: S used by upper-class and! E1 l: w" H7 n( J6 f1 @2 s1 O
conservative people)1 A. Y: c; g& ~& {
Nyanja : Ninatemba5 O7 e J. F7 a' h
0 K A3 |2 V% B0 J* D( K4 i( a
Op : Op lopveop yopuop' r4 L! ^8 O4 D2 F# @2 a" y
Osetian : Aez dae warzyn, p) C- q% h9 N; V' h9 N7 V
9 O2 O: Q: P% hPakistani : Mujhe tumse muhabbat hai$ J( a4 A8 U0 `" _' R! G6 ~3 V7 X
: Muje se mu habbat hai
# L. U r T n' q UPapiamento : Mi ta stima'bo
/ t* [0 \0 w- R" d, m' ~Pig Latin : Ie ovele ouye( v) L% T: U. ~
Pilipino : Mahal kita
$ Y: ~6 w& D% G : Iniibig kita
B3 x) Z" F& `( B# {& sPolish : Kocham cie
/ Z& l& S: R2 m7 X$ M, J : Kocham ciebie
\9 W" L' |) _( l' h: j [ : Ja cie kocham (slang, not commonly used): X8 l. H! i# K8 M/ d% I
Portuguese/Brazilian : Eu te amo (pronounced 'eiu chee amu')* R" f4 j: X( O6 r7 T+ u }5 t+ k
: Amo te
: Y# _# }$ [; N! l! W, i2 J1 h' pPulaar : Mbe de yid ma (mbe: d: yidh ma)% q8 y P+ C3 V c+ c
(Pronounced as two words,# [+ ~) R: R& H5 ]; M6 C/ |8 ?
"Mbe deyidma". 'b' and second
7 Y' }! d! g* t0 N1 S 'd' have bars through the stems) ^" i; b$ o) k& |
indicating affrication, the ':'
0 z. d! ~, ~8 n indicate minute pauses); |5 U# L# | d& M
Punjabi : Main tainu pyar karna& J( ~2 t, h6 r2 f$ w. H
: Mai taunu pyar karda
# s8 l9 M+ q, A% o : Mein nu terey na猯 piyaar ay (pronounced:9 f6 H0 c; k0 f' q; i6 j4 n0 ~. T
"meinu therei naal piya'rei", th as in bath)' w( T: K4 Z+ m5 X" \
' = stressed syllable2 N' e; z) X) r0 X2 b |
Pushto : Mung jane' (pronounced: "puxto: mu'ng jane'")
$ E% A8 @! W% {3 k, r/ i
8 x- b& m8 i2 vQuenya : Tye-mela'ne2 m }# i0 {9 R9 J$ z
' N" z* o7 p8 G1 _. r
Raetoromanisch : Te amo
4 a f( l2 Y) cRomanian : Te iubesc. H7 y1 `2 r4 c/ f& I( T: o! j
: Te ador (stronger), n/ h7 j" e% E
Russian : Ya vas lyublyu (old fashioned)
, H. G& g- P7 t1 c) h( B4 D( c5 U+ h : Ya tyebya lyublyu (best)
6 T2 j+ m2 s7 t( e- v( h9 g, } : Ya lyublyu vas (old fashioned)
& E" R# r) L! E; J : Ya lyublyu tyebya3 r& t z" G% |6 l( Q' M
! H" y( Z% w& Z! g
Samoan : Ou te alofa outou
4 R) S4 D+ @) K. g8 F : Ou te alofa ia te oe- z9 ~6 C5 H O- f/ @
: Talo'fa ia te oe ("Hello, from me to you")$ @; e, W$ J7 R/ {
Sanskrit : Anurag (a higher love, like the love of music
2 y* m! Z- a7 P9 F1 Y( `9 i or art)
0 t8 }( d7 m7 d. _Scot-Gaelic : Tha gradh agam ort B% b0 Z, E7 i- }4 s
Serbian (formal) : Ja vas volim (used in proper speech)
$ o8 I1 T I1 _ : Volim vas (used in common speech)
9 x; s. |$ S6 @ : Ljubim te (in todays useage, "I kiss you",
# d! E2 U) a) m, o# { u6 ?3 Z( t 'lj' pronounced like 'll' in
8 n! N: B4 p) ]0 a' S% f Spanish, one sound, 'ly'ish)2 _0 b) i) p# I1 z$ K! T
Serbian (familiar) : Ja te volim (used in proper speech); Q) u+ k3 R9 A0 h
: Volim te (used in common speech)$ m; f* C/ K' \6 l* \" W: l
Serbian (old) : Ljubim te (may still be found in poetry)
7 M; c. ]2 L1 ZSerbocroatian : Volim te
. C* _2 G; d f l : Ljubim te
3 x7 i0 V! G# J6 O : Ja te volim ('j' sounds like 'y' in May)
1 N( @! @- l L' L2 d6 ]Shona : Ndinokuda% ?/ o" y7 C# E" c9 V
Sinhala : Mama oya'ta a'darei
5 k2 T5 U& E+ f8 ` C4 T% TSioux : Techihhila
5 b3 \# R7 ^/ V/ w% YSlovak : Lubim ta
+ w3 z8 ~+ X; W( V9 k, J5 d. TSlovene : Ljubim te
) E, O+ h/ D8 Z% `; E, dSpanish : Te amo
2 O' A$ ?7 c G" w& Y q : Te quiero
! l Y$ C9 Y/ I2 `! w; k : Te adoro ("I adore you")- Q- a( Y5 g3 ]& N# W" E6 k
: Te deseo ("I desire you")
) x/ k" m5 u4 W$ B1 X$ k% k T, { : Me antojis ("I crave you")
8 [/ T1 m+ a: sSrilankan : Mama oyata arderyi
: I3 r( }8 u+ h$ R9 }2 @ mSwahili : Nakupenda
/ \2 ~" Q( p I$ m : Naku penda (followed by the person's name)
# V3 M4 j( F- e5 u" E( F. t : Ninikupenda
+ V% i, \$ U$ ^5 s5 p" D : Dholu'o* X H, v9 [4 w$ d# v! J
Swedish : Jag a"lskar dig ('dig' pronounced like 'day')
1 q! U6 |$ Q4 P4 z! F5 A0 _Syrian/Lebanese : Bhebbek (male to female)( {* @' p7 _! Z: I1 F# S0 H
: Bhebbak (female to male)
. F9 C5 w" O& y2 L
8 U2 _: e% |- a, M! B9 RTagalog : Mahal kita& r$ S; \! L# Y. S7 r
Tahitian : Ua here au ia oe
7 x* C/ q/ \& W; Y6 j) J : Ua here vau ia oe
3 a. Z+ {4 A6 j& U aTamil : Naan unnai kadalikiren7 F5 k& ?0 U; g. F+ d4 V
: Nan unnai kathalikaren
% i& W6 C7 C5 T Q : Ni yaanai kaadli karen ("You love me")
/ M4 O' v: u) U' S$ [+ n" l1 z/ R : N猘n unnaki kathalikkinren ("I love you")" I# H0 {% A4 ?" K
: Nam vi'rmberem- C9 Y: W2 h$ H. t
Telugu : Ninnu premistunnanu4 ~1 F9 B {- x
: Neenu ninnu pra'mistu'nnanu$ t! h6 t4 q! E9 h
: Nenu ninnu premistunnanu1 S9 G" @( R' [, N/ ~7 w
Thai (formal) : Phom rak khun (male to female). W& e1 l" I0 e; d( T0 ]; s
: Phom ruk koon ( " )
# _# M, B c! @' I! Z : Ch'an rak khun (female to male)% }5 r& n' O8 I- w$ p
: Chun ruk koon ( " )
% m4 e$ J2 j8 U, nThai : Khao raak thoe (affectionate, sweet, loving)8 }# S8 Y& u% W p
Tswana : Dumela
7 `4 w- R/ ^4 T" K2 h- ?Tunisian : Ha eh bak* o# f& V) T$ y( s m
Turkish (formal) : Sizi seviyorum W$ e! ?3 Z- B4 ~
Turkish : Seni seviyorum0 ?. l! t" t5 J8 @
: Seni begeniyorum ("I adore you")
/ a9 q3 f K+ N2 `8 d3 i (g has a bar on it)0 b4 e1 h8 J* F0 g- j" z" Q
Twi : Me dowapaa
( m% Y2 R+ k, L
0 x: C/ U' l: ]5 ] f! \. n9 z9 jUkrainian : Ya tebe kokhayu
2 {3 c. U+ ]5 u. ~ : Ja tebe kokhaju (real true love)
" T1 z3 |8 z& s0 ?4 x: g/ t4 G% ` : Ja vas kokhaju
! `1 A3 ?4 o9 o4 Z : Ja pokokhav tebe1 {9 _) S% | Q4 t
: Ja pokokhav vas
7 `& Q) P) w7 o( y+ m! l3 K8 [Urdu : Main tumse muhabbat karta hoon
* t! ?" Q! h9 s1 |$ ] : Mujhe tumse mohabbat hai
8 {4 C: D% u" V! ?, q \7 C* j : Mujge tumae mahabbat hai
0 d3 S* b' l" s: x : Kam prem kartahai
; M/ t, M# n4 y& ]2 L : Mujhe tum se piyaar hai (pronounced:2 f- H6 s) [* g/ N
"mujhei' Oo'm se' piya'r ha'e")
3 N+ K4 K$ s: N4 | k6 X : Mujhe tum se muhabbat hai (pronounced:
7 i8 R. E3 G+ r) J$ l9 v "mujhe'i Oo'm se' mohub:u'th ha'e", th as
5 r1 i; T- Z! F* @$ F- o7 Y, G* ^ in bath)
8 f/ R6 Y7 t4 {& G" x3 T7 s6 U ' = stressed syllable, Oo' = o like in bold
4 d7 p8 `/ s m9 J3 t6 n4 U" z' d+ \
Vai : Na lia2 N+ d8 A1 X* s" C
Vdrmldndska : Du dr gvrgo te mdg0 A1 D6 Q7 V& [/ d v& z
Vietnamese : Anh ye猽 em (male to female)
9 ~- S- ^; E4 s" F0 E6 ?0 N : Em ye猽 anh (female to male)1 P, [) O. s; @" ]- j( W. T- G
: Toi yeu em+ {' C" J( K" V5 `1 c6 T
Volapa"k : La"fob oli; W+ @# v! l0 t" B5 |
Vulcan : Wani ra yana ro aisha% T# W4 P. b) o) b% X& Q k
, k5 r3 W* n1 [3 \: n6 y2 B* R
Welsh : Rwy'n dy garu di
- e& p$ W* j0 S. A/ s : Yr wyf i yn dy garu di (chwi)8 }0 Y1 n$ _% z0 Q7 r1 [
Wolof : Da ma la nope
f9 \9 q# C' j8 V- K : Da ma la nop (da ma'lanop)
0 Y0 H/ v# k5 l! @$ I( c4 _7 i% r# u1 o0 T2 c
Yiddish : Ikh hob dikh lib
+ q0 ]9 a3 M, G; {4 ?: z# u1 O : Ich libe dich, g4 z+ i5 x) O- q6 y/ w
: Ich han dich lib
s' r$ Q5 o" \6 h. \! @1 N8 }1 A : Kh'hob dikh lib+ e* i' S3 B0 q# |; V
: Kh'ob dikh holt
. s. D4 ~: o/ H9 b/ D4 v% V, X! u : Ikh bin in dir farlibt
2 D' V) m" P* T' ^5 WYucatec Maya : 'in k'aatech (the love of lovers)
& Q2 N6 w; h# P, t9 Q : 'in yabitmech (the love of family, which) ~$ ^% t1 o. \* K9 y9 x/ A8 C
lovers can also feel; it1 Y1 `' n8 I# t9 m" l) g3 u# M
indicates more a desire to
2 u' m7 U+ M/ \: L% `/ T spoil and protect the other
: o# a* ?, d+ t- b: S8 _ person)6 J( b- s& z6 F m
Yugoslavian : Ja te volim6 P- c$ e! Y7 ~2 R( {7 y! s* s
9 k& d: w3 |) x0 |( nZazi : Ezhele hezdege (sp?)
4 ^' ^2 D0 a/ x. GZulu : Mena tanda wena. X1 V6 t" N$ W, C- Z0 G# ?
: Ngiyakuthanda!
/ M( f: l2 j) c( nZuni : Tom ho' ichema4 K# s H" p9 k. q& h' h
( z4 `) Q( r0 A2 o( K' N3 W$ T- ~& T6 i9 N a: _
6 e h4 p" r0 x+ sExplanation of Languages* _$ F8 d0 }* p1 w2 j. e/ f
------------------------
9 s: ^/ A9 g) D8 O4 ?Afrikaans -> spoken by people of Dutch heritage in South Africa. k5 v9 w/ J# x+ t1 X& d9 l1 C6 R
Alentejano -> language spoken in Portugal
, B6 p$ K: [/ R0 E4 ^+ E4 hAlsacien -> French/German dialect (live in France, but speak n* V4 j, ?2 V) h9 t5 ]
like Germans)" Y: f% y5 Y8 A3 j0 L
Amharic -> Official language spoken in Ethiopia. Just one of, |6 ~# G. \! U+ N: z
over 80 languages spoken there.
6 d0 p2 K* J* s: \Apache -> North American Indian Nation rangeing from the plains0 s$ }! L- i: n: G8 t4 p
states to the eastern Rocky Mountains and from the! ]. Y4 A8 Z7 W# l
Canadian to Mexican borders* R7 M2 N1 h: J5 }( I9 N4 z( z
Arabic -> language spoken in the Arab countries including3 A9 H) L5 l* E2 T
but not limited to Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan,
9 [+ O8 R% L* v0 L/ P' m2 _* c6 t, | Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and3 l8 H B) p/ N: k
the region of Palestine.# Z- B6 q7 |* J3 X6 y
Ashanti/Akan/Twi-> Ashanti is the most popular and predominate of
+ x" n9 \% T& h- r. `- _/ W many dialects spoken in Ghana. The Ghanan language3 n+ e2 i/ x, Q4 F) z
is generally refered to as either Akan or Twi.
0 J$ i( ]7 L3 YAssamese -> language spoken in the state of Assam, India5 Z/ y/ ], I0 K; M
Bassa -> language spoken in Africa( ]- T* c0 C! m
Batak -> language spoken in the northern Sumatra province of: p8 c$ y e$ |9 R
Indonesia
3 z. Z5 X! X; g( k* n9 K; e: dBavarian -> language spoken in the state of Bavaria, southern! i# o1 a/ I% J. l& \
Germany (actually a German dialect)0 ^: C' e4 t* b
Bemba -> language spoken in Africa
g: y% w7 Q( P; ~% r$ [; nBengali -> language spoken in the state of West Bengal, India,. k# p& E; d1 b& F6 y- M0 F F
as well as almost all people of Bangladesh
U u' k9 E. ~* c# }4 r, @Bicol -> dialect spoken in the Philippines
+ W, J! R2 f9 o( L7 f: X* e) IBraille -> The alphabet represented by patterns of raised dots.
1 C* w7 d- z% N It is 'read' by touch.
4 N# B7 w7 d9 l* | @6 ICajun -> French dialect spoken by people who migrated from, E) R1 T; S9 e4 a
Acadia, Canada, to the Louisiana, USA, area.: u$ [8 l7 U: Y0 |: X$ O
Acadia is in an Atlantic province.
& L O' G( F, n1 i3 SCebuano -> language spoken in Philipines near the town of Cebu2 J+ f! m I; K9 l0 j! l7 K
Cherokee -> North American Indian tribe9 t4 m( W# i3 E4 G1 r* s
Cheyenne -> North American Indian tribe, part of the Apache
% X1 E4 F7 J' j% F$ w+ b Nation
& s! c0 O4 @9 bChichewa -> language spoken in Malawi, Central Africa, `% c8 N& Q) a( _. E
Chickasaw -> North American Indian tribe (southeastern Oklahoma)7 t# ~/ }. P9 w' w! L n( ]
Creol -> French dialect spoken by people from Haiti. It is
7 {6 m, r# c/ K- B: _; l# k basicly French with a little English and German.) H7 o Y. f, k" ?1 v" P
Dusun -> language spoken by the Dusun tribe, one of the largest
2 i6 s1 Q4 @; \2 } in North Borneo+ p2 C# p7 C+ z& W
Dutch -> language spoken in the Netherlands and the provinces
3 i" B/ n+ C+ W of East- and West-Flanders, Antwerp, Limburg, and
5 |) ?7 v" ]: S0 N0 R! ` B6 T) t Flemmish-Brabant, Belgium
1 ?( V! Y) \- R, ?Esperanto -> The International Language. An 'artificial' language.* d2 Q: s% C" ?* |/ T, Z+ H
Farsi -> language spoken in Iran. Dialects of Farsi spoken in
/ n/ S( i2 |2 H' g Pakistan and Afghanestan. Farsi is sometimes called8 R/ I, e: F. F' a, H N2 H
Persian. T) M1 |# {( f0 ?6 U# x5 u6 ]
Franconian -> German dialect spoken by the citizens of Franken or
3 ^9 d( {3 ^0 F/ e/ B Franconia which is part of Bavaria in the area @2 ]1 \8 F% h: Z* n
around Nuremberg4 c3 n. j7 G0 G# W
French -> language spoken in France, Canada, and the provinces* K; l2 D; i1 W! d# g
of Luxembourg, Namur, Liege, Hainault, and Brabant-
' G) g6 V, X! h Walloon(Brabant of the Walloons), Belgium' ~3 {: Z0 i! t: \9 u
Friesian -> language spoken in northern Holland, northern+ k1 X. v' b3 I: j5 c: w
Germany, and in some parts of Denmark
4 K! {' M5 X" J4 c9 ]3 p (mainly west coast)
. h5 n& Q1 _+ p! V! IGaelic -> language spoken in Ireland3 o; t1 D* P: `9 s7 D" Z0 g& H* F: y) G
Gronings -> Dutch dialect
3 M( t3 E9 I8 m0 u- VGuarani' -> one of the two official languages in Paraguay' ` b# S5 t: g
Gujrati -> language spoken in the state of Gujrat, India, and$ [8 t* B# v3 F6 I1 k4 b
Pakistan
9 O8 P% E `" X* T' d Q# tHakka -> Chinese dialect from Manchuria# g$ o8 {/ {6 h. y% l! [6 s
Hausa -> language spoken in Nigeria
$ g7 H/ r) n# B5 J/ vHebrew -> language spoken in Israel and by Jewish people
! c2 ]# E& B8 s( t' e( bHindi -> language spoken in the northern states of India& ~4 l! j( k+ g% y& T/ d
Hopi -> North American Indian tribe (southwest, Arizona)
/ @# d, k" E' f( |& N/ [Ibaloi -> dialect spoken in the Philippines by the Igorot
+ |# D3 c5 O$ }* D+ l6 A natives, specifically the Ibaloi's
# S* y9 J i) {Ilocano -> dialect spoken in the Philippines8 Y U& s8 w# h' M7 H4 b
Interglossa -> An 'artificial' language invented by Lancelot Hogben,
; P: K0 f% U' k# ?4 k circa 1940.
- B6 V N0 B% kKankana -> dialect spoken in the Philippines by the Igorot
' F8 d9 H/ `& _" w2 V4 Z natives, specifically the Kankana-ey's; R# j* Y$ y6 m9 \8 F/ P9 \) K
Kannada -> language spoken in the state of Karnataka,
+ j; J# a; [& H. H# k+ ` southern India
/ X' k& w2 D1 o6 u! [Kikongo -> language spoken in Zaire, Africa
( L# e' p$ Q( I, h2 T; Y$ \* pKlingon -> Spoken in Star Trek. Proper term for the language
) E0 |5 R) v/ `' \! c$ E* D0 }+ ? is "tlhIngan Hol". The Klingon homeworld is. t }. c6 @. |# t% P+ g
Qo'noS, in English it's Kronos.& ?, Z7 E* G& x% `
Kpele -> language spoken in Africa3 m) V, W; G- t( Q% M
Lao -> language spoken in Laos and by the Laotian people
+ D- D! N- z+ V. y living in northern Thailand o, T [' `* j7 ^5 r
Luo -> language spoken in Kenya
# B" j: A1 e! G, ]- WLuxembourgish -> language spoken in Luxembourg and in the border areas
: ]; s2 M0 o, v' A in Belgium (Arlon), France (Thionville), and Germany.
! z9 g% [* H$ r& o A mixture of French and German, with the emphasis on
, }. F* R& P! I! \( r, p German.
8 P, l! p7 f. o3 Q+ pMaa -> language spoken in Africa% o" J0 B- V) [# n T7 X! h
Malayalam -> language spoken in the state of Kerala, India' F( P2 ~( m, _6 x
Maltese -> language spoken on Malta, a small independent island5 R4 \, u1 \4 `6 K0 p M
in the Mediterranean Sea south of Italy with around9 _% c5 M1 L3 W
400,000 inhabitants. Maltese is a mixture of Arabic
0 ?/ Q1 o) s2 ] Y1 I and Italian mostly.$ R/ E j4 e( P8 V L
Marathi -> language spoken in the state of Maharastra, India
* z5 I# }, h8 [, w, e; ] d (Bombay is the capital city)+ |# S% f, W7 C" y9 G# G0 G
Marshallese -> language spoken on the Marshall Islands. C. L j9 h8 m4 e
Mohawk -> North American Indian tribe (New England, maybe one of$ w8 P2 ~ O' Z0 _0 J& H
the Seven Nations/Iriquois?)* \- _% w3 v. O* s
Mokilese -> language spoken on Mokil and Ponape (Pohnpei)6 ^7 ]( _4 [ W0 `# [6 P' p. t
Moroccan -> language spoken in Morocco, North Africa7 }. z4 U. o3 M6 s u
Navaho -> North American Indian tribe (southwest)
7 C. o. d* L' Q& p p3 wNdebele -> language spoken in Zimbabwe& c+ [- z2 V$ V
Nyanja -> language spoken in Africa
) j/ t6 n: ?1 A; S& k" C- pPapiamento -> language spoken on the island of Aruba. J0 U" f& e# U) d
Pulaar -> dialect spoken in Senegal by the Fulani people
. i8 i3 G( R4 |; E0 }, y) dPunjabi -> language spoken in the state of Punjab, northern India: q3 R0 O% E# y1 g5 R7 W. V% y
Quechua -> language spoken by Incan Indians (South America)9 B. V1 ?" Y0 j. [2 v
Quenya -> Elvish language invented by J. R. R. Tolkien for his
+ h. P; f0 \. C' D3 y7 Z books. Notably, "The Lord of the Rings".
5 Z' G( m/ _8 r! {" `4 _( GShona -> language spoken in Zimbabwe0 v: w! Q, t+ ] h1 V
Sinhala -> Language of the non-Tamil (majority) people of: I6 B y: Q4 r% t4 R) A) T
Sri Lanka. Also spoken in Ceylon.
' ^: [. n. h. h4 ~6 h( F7 F4 uSioux -> North American Indian tribe (upper midwest)* \' ^8 @: X0 ^$ w3 d! Z" Q
Swahili -> language spoken by some indigenous tribes of East2 R3 ?7 C( x$ J9 p
Africa
, F$ v/ Z4 u, a; P8 q0 k1 `$ ]Tagalog -> dialect spoken in the Philippines$ |7 w/ K. T$ }% q6 _% c R
Tamil -> language spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu, India,
; x- H+ P* e; K, @ and in Sri Lanka(by a low percentage of the people),$ N' Q6 c a; g' Y1 Z% ^$ S
Singapore, Malaysia, Mauritus
/ q9 M) P, r3 _/ e0 m/ V% O, UTelugu -> language spoken in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India
6 i q# y/ _8 T+ I" F# ~ (eleventh most spoken language in the world). p t8 k7 o8 [
Tswana -> language spoken in Africa
7 z- A2 `& G5 ^& [# jTwi/Akan -> language spoken in Ghana. See also Ashanti. ~* G) ]1 m. k3 i# e! h$ l5 b
Urdu -> language spoken in Pakistan and India
; Q+ y: x$ i9 }/ hVai -> language spoken in Africa
5 V# W3 V: u* r7 C) nVdrmldndska -> language spoken in the Vdrmland(Vaermland), Sweden,
/ z" d$ ^# V2 ^' T$ a0 x8 t& { region north of Lake Vdnern.The real Vdrmldndska: q6 r6 Q; [& f5 @' S e: A( _
language is spoken to the northwest of Lake Vdnern
' D# L( t* _9 o( M8 w up to the border of Norway and in northern Vdrmland
% _% G' a7 W) W9 q5 x0 _6 ^5 i* @2 ` around the town of Torsby by about 270,000 people,
! H, x& b8 N3 \2 A0 x; N& ?# B1 B F 90,000 of which consider it to be their mother
& V0 f& H& }" V language. It is a mixture of Swedish and Norwegian! }9 S! L. O7 {- ^/ H
with some borrowed words from the many Valloonian/ I2 ?4 f6 Z; d
people who went there to work as engineers in the& F7 |' M6 D$ m3 i
mining industry during the 17th century.; J7 w8 o! X! J7 l9 |- g
Volapa"k -> An 'artificial' language invented by August Schleyer,6 d5 a! y, C, |: n4 e
circa 1880.
) D. L$ m2 H) h7 RVulcan -> Spoken in Star Trek by Mr. Spock and others from
; R1 u' c% W! k& ~3 P. j the planet Vulcan& [1 j4 |4 Q2 L+ j1 W0 v
Walloon -> literally Welsh(not English Welsh), a little used
2 m; s3 n& F: A. M) w: N French dialect with certain German influences
. e+ Y6 F8 I! r8 ^5 ^ spoken in the provinces of Luxembourg, Namur,
% J# F# d3 B- K) a Liege, Hainault, and Brabant-Walloon(Brabant of
4 L, w6 n5 F# r5 S- s6 U the Walloons), Belgium
4 Y' z' n9 O: k' ^$ z5 sWolof -> dialect spoken in Senegal by the Wolof people# n0 d5 a, C. i, x! ]: _( E- t
Yucatec Maya -> language spoken by indigenous people of the Yucatan
, Z6 |+ x* ^5 S# ^& e; ] peninsula in Mexico5 c/ L6 I7 m$ ]% c
Zazi -> Kurdic dialect: d" ] g+ S" L7 Q2 Z/ C
Zuni -> North American Indian tribe( A% W4 d; c8 f
. ?, b, z; {- z# \
7 F, U- k# u8 R5 d' _* a& m# }2 B& L
a' -> 'a' with the acute accent (') over it (ASCII code 160)
3 Q; U# `& D( C3 b% y2 S9 | `' Ma" -> 'a' with two dots (Umlaut) (ASCII code 132)
% o4 n3 Y% ]! Sa? -> elongated vowel (e.g. 2 a's)( \4 I+ ]5 k) V7 w' \
e? -> ?above e
" m; A7 E$ D% B$ v# }e' -> 'e' with the acute accent (') over it (ASCII code 130 |
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发表于 2004-12-30 00:36
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