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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 9 {6 j$ S) a' k; F/ j$ ~
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. g( N. ^4 J7 yCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
' \# H" Y, p3 j4 a1 {1 B7 d3 hBar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
& G9 |8 T; Y0 z/ G6 X9 AThe Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
, m, r: @+ F1 d$ l' _. ?3 N4 P' JCurrently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.8 Z9 g! N& {2 \- z8 B
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
* Q5 k; c S( V; `# nThe country codes used are :0 z3 v( h5 T2 x
) k$ g& P* O' V8 ^% yCODE \COUNTRY. ~8 Q5 F/ E! |( ]1 I
00-13 USA & Canada1 I [2 k! y1 M
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
% ~3 l) y" _2 z30-37 France
1 K4 B3 Q5 p, t' J2 S, l8 |; P380 Bulgaria
( O a3 s8 C% Q1 m# [. U383 Slovenia
/ N/ N4 [& I$ w! n# w385 Croatia" V, z _2 I; V0 p i; j5 g1 f
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
" o& Q5 h* \! |, g* A4 t- [7 w f400-440 Germany# X- v' [# D' ?
45 Japan4 L; Q) Z+ Y" z' h
46 Russian Federation' j* N3 g+ k5 ^' C4 {* n N1 G/ x
471 Taiwan
: G" e/ m" T: D& t! [8 d474 Estonia
^1 i+ U- @; M5 h475 Latvia" i3 a1 x v2 i5 r2 F" ~3 G* d8 D
476 Azerbaijan, w3 i/ L% q8 X. m/ K% |2 d7 [: c% X( E" z
477 Lithuania' r( V) J, q3 f
478 Uzbekistan
, A: C: y( r: a+ m/ m! D7 d479 Sri Lanka
! L- L( {- w' k; Q, H/ o6 }480 Philippines
+ `; G- X1 Y9 k- H481 Belarus
% S( v( C- f' G4 H( c+ f z8 G482 Ukraine' {: R- T O4 j# T, S1 Z
484 Moldova
% L1 N* W# w$ K, a$ h( d485 Armenia
/ W! ~2 P0 ?( S" F- b8 j486 Georgia% L# j2 u4 I5 i3 z$ I
487 Kazakhstan
: J1 X+ s$ ~+ \489 Hong Kong
% u' X9 ]( Q3 Z# ]4 a49 Japan
5 b5 Y/ b9 d! j' H* X0 ~50 UK
# G6 A- t( e7 j) f: H3 \8 H520 Greece
* M% N4 O) V0 a2 z$ w2 k* c1 }% n" V8 Z528 Lebanon
- F% @- ]; `* t1 ]& v* E S529 Cyprus4 w2 N7 F1 D% P# a$ E A
531 Macedonia, J" q' y, k% Y- y' e$ U
535 Malta) b* E l3 C# c7 [* q
539 Ireland$ G" b$ _2 @" z+ q1 ]0 R. ?9 y
54 Belgium & Luxembourg
+ k' o9 p4 y' b# Y3 q2 c, i c& E/ j560 Portugal' y+ q3 Z6 E/ |* `# o
569 Iceland
! |% ^1 ^* v' Y57 Denmark1 J. E8 ~# u( @/ {/ B, l
590 Poland {2 D0 l3 D7 U
594 Romania
4 f; P2 L( ]8 i8 [* p% Q- I( d599 Hungary
, W( N8 N0 o0 _/ x600-601 South Africa
$ V' }( V7 d: F609 Mauritius% P! N, C8 m6 g$ b/ M* ]' R( S
611 Morocco
" `- o& q- P: y6 a- ~& C613 Algeria# E: W* S- o$ @! y
619 Tunisia P7 H7 Y* X* d$ q4 Q
621 Syria
2 ~9 e" Q/ X+ v+ L2 V w622 Egypt" D# d: y5 I6 N1 c. ]
624 Libya
) G) t. O+ n# c ^: B/ {8 i( @ t625 Jordan1 k/ ^: M8 W$ ]: C D
626 Iran% ~+ g& V8 t0 L9 k5 q
627 Kuwait, e: x8 ^, O F3 h0 @. g
628 Saudi Arabia$ c; v2 \! t- I3 v3 }0 ]9 V7 c
629 United Arab Emirates( }7 K( I# W6 J6 R
64 Finland6 b& h: E( x: O2 X3 b
690-692 China7 L$ ^. V% l# I1 [1 J. J
70 Norway6 d/ J! @9 c9 x/ f- j5 n& Z8 t
729 Israel" B: m$ m1 [) k8 L2 ?1 |3 P
73 Sweden
, L& Z) o0 Y* M4 L740 Guatemala
! H1 I2 W# d: J; K1 N+ P741 El Salvador6 k8 ^: B O8 ?" x' \
742 Honduras/ u) h7 J7 G# p7 p6 f, u( W
743 Nicaragua( T- J0 B4 X) N1 J8 H* K; b9 H
744 Costa Rica
" Z$ ^: T6 ~. H, m745 Panama
( s' O" i- C3 `& l* `' ~' f746 Dominican Republic
1 a9 Z2 k; c% N/ s; _! f. H750 Mexico5 Z4 M* B {4 x d
759 Venezuela
4 z# K6 ]# b7 b, Q X/ H7 t, U/ }76 Switzerland
. w8 h+ T6 U( B+ i: r, b9 n7 G! }$ ]770 Colombia
- ~* u3 v% g0 a7 @$ Z( T% r& F773 Uruguay
- r/ V. j; Z- U+ G7 X E' h775 Peru$ K6 x( I7 Y. ]. D* i
777 Bolivia
5 y1 w; |8 D& h779 Argentina
- S* H& {9 c T# P! y$ I780 Chile3 U3 J# s5 A2 k+ @
784 Paraguay
" F8 r/ x# k' f) l! b785 Peru9 d- ^ `4 U/ D d4 i# |' Y5 X1 Q
786 Ecuador3 N- T4 j- J: n1 T6 v
789 Brazil, h1 }# ~1 R: s2 w
80-83 Italy& U) m2 p3 @3 z& T n- a" |
84 Spain% t6 N3 w) ^% t# k, f
850 Cuba
) w4 B0 @! _+ V" w) w% W0 A% Z858 Slovakia! M4 c" X h$ i( y# w# O# C d
859 Czech Republic; o7 z0 J: G/ q! x7 }
860 Serbia & Montenegro2 @1 I% p0 U7 E: |/ I; u
869 Turkey& ?/ P, C( b1 V& S- o
87 Netherlands
5 G, e6 c3 d& M' Y7 U/ H% Z2 ^8 b880 South Korea& ?$ e- e% {$ i# z- T
885 Thailand" F" r# A6 _ u! Z4 w: j' v
888 Singapore) C: H9 H5 y, U$ T$ x3 C
890 India
- \0 p! B0 L6 w" f. O893 Vietnam/ c) C6 r0 U2 a' s! U0 Z+ D5 @
899 Indonesia1 z3 `( D; s* M% I- {
90 -91 Austria v: q" m) e2 A8 p
93 Australia
/ g( u# d# T- z0 T94 New Zealand
' M. T0 A8 O" W: F955 Malaysia
2 n$ f7 Z; Y+ n9 a6 |958 Macau0 k) @5 U1 W) x
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
& L4 I2 B/ B8 N978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)4 U* T' U: }) v2 Z: b
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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