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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 # h) A# K9 ?/ M6 L
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688" X! V/ B/ U& F! i- Q
- v3 e& F! ^8 K0 ?John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China8 C8 l& s* Q( r/ y2 l7 l, V
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
* K. i& T- D7 X3 n6 WFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.) ?( b6 ~; |! g3 [3 o$ h
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of0 |% ]0 {4 x8 g- Z7 d0 {: u
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
" c5 }0 b. {% u. c/ [6 ]
8 l+ v' w! G0 T- QSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
' M. }: o8 x1 W4 }Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
3 b3 A7 a& B4 EPublished online 26 January 2018, W5 i7 ^$ G9 o) g$ }
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Abstract& U G! W: d. o1 a& r
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
8 ] j* T1 l m- S* v4 lDynasty who came to China and was employed by The: D7 t' I" r0 Y( J8 Q
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been6 y2 [: w8 {0 Q$ ]& N7 v/ P
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
7 Z i) b- y U7 Q2 W4 }only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
k$ T" E0 f% C, f. wworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly+ C: U1 S5 T% n+ c: m" ^
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
6 X. n1 @* d) `9 G/ btranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s. F7 v, |" W% A9 G' E
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,# i$ R' A5 u* y9 ]6 p
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
' R/ u+ z2 }: U! W) c# l3 bstandardization of the scientific terminology translation) r8 t, g) }+ B z% h) S
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien; C" N6 X0 o" B
he established had helped greatly with the popularization3 x2 V* j0 Q5 ^7 n% ~) X5 B
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring! Y- P v$ X! I
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
% m: E$ O y* u) F" f, E5 kfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
/ M7 s' |: T" S$ gthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
" x* R- S5 V9 _9 J; g7 Tgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
+ H( U! k3 Z, A2 i) ?$ i) E1 t V& fterminology.. Z! q' ?0 G* p& B; S+ W; k
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
1 P' r6 u h3 x& Q' \Standardization of terminology translation
" n5 P) c( S) M5 m% WYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to- h! d3 `3 ^5 N1 b$ s+ v' o
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
7 h6 V& X+ ]) L$ Z: ]China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
, o6 M# ~' ~! S; g4 Ifrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
" O) Y; M- |1 t" Y+ iDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213+ x! k- U2 E& e# p8 x
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5 W: T7 Y+ x/ s; [: M/ z3 {2 s& E/ r1 ZINTRODUCTION% ?3 p6 y5 i; r% s1 {+ _, Q1 L
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
0 G) |+ j# d% z9 Ba great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
, j3 M3 ~, L% d \9 ]Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
L' r" Q2 @( x" \Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
6 H( F C" n: u, \% o! lSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
$ q4 }0 k4 V& |by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
7 H; ]" @; K% L" Gan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on3 ? m9 l' k; Q8 P& J8 h+ ^
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-7 o# m/ P3 D2 }# {1 [/ e) l
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific% H( Z9 D2 v6 r& g, M7 ^
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,' @0 U" A9 \: r# w+ V w
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
* ^3 E& {' h/ l2 aNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated) I9 {: E& s' o
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant6 `6 S3 K0 F( {7 X
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,4 ?+ j! q* s# {( f# n- {
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,$ {/ w- s! a" o& P; ?
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western+ M ^( D) f) A
books that made him the most productive one among the
; v/ E8 V0 \, J' [1 Y# yforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
- c: g* H \2 `; t Gtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
, U9 F# F2 x) p2 V5 ?0 Anoble work which could help accelerate the process of. Y/ q( A( y4 A& H* e$ X6 Q
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).9 ]& Y, v! f$ J9 r5 l+ K. N
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer; r! q& h. n# ]) d, i" _+ Z
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
' p A$ P& p6 p" [science and the standardization of translated scientific
/ J8 ]7 ~3 h1 Z5 S$ W* p" J$ H# L3 y! Rterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
1 t/ q" _2 B& Z- i& `4 Bmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the% [( n" |; l6 Y" M3 c
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
. C) H/ ^. p) G) T1 L. e: K: jcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series# L7 x) u8 A& m5 }5 c
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
" N/ w `* p* NModern China.
2 i1 U4 h7 c1 MAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published7 n/ b O! L1 F) k6 h5 l7 F3 J
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
* j; S" a1 z S! x4 r4 atravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
% f) C$ Q2 u# X0 [$ ~a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In0 q; b! S3 s9 k4 Y3 Y& [: q
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and) J. G5 b I4 j, j# p# c$ c
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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