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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688; N$ u. Q9 G- B
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China. L8 m7 \, P$ c8 J/ I% |
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
M; C0 O# J) H. ^: V! c- Q1 L: `9 WFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of' P5 }2 q4 L% y& I/ {5 V
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.% G$ g& V# c+ Y6 X/ _( \
6 s9 l. h3 S0 _$ W
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
+ H- H7 i( o5 K2 n& N2 u2 eReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
5 @7 `6 L& [' {( mPublished online 26 January 2018! y7 t7 B. R/ m6 E6 w/ o& X( X9 u E
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. h: l" q) t/ P' CAbstract
8 x, I4 k1 [* E* J" CJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing4 S0 a0 U* H; A7 S" L
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The4 W: g% f. [0 H2 z2 J/ n4 e- p M
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
5 K0 j7 ]3 h) Jengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
8 W0 h _0 \+ O1 Qonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
) E$ [8 g4 N- ^- h$ A4 B$ z4 Fworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly5 V4 H R0 |' S) N J
to the standardization of the scientific terminology* {! K% P" J0 O$ t+ L
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s! `4 s* K. Q# [8 y4 {7 D- W- k
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,* ^& O9 j/ @8 y
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the j) z0 x- d, [. r; y7 O. z8 i
standardization of the scientific terminology translation$ o6 @8 r0 k. I- w
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien: k8 l: I- n0 w9 Y. Z
he established had helped greatly with the popularization W) ^) [; F( I$ N! A$ F# P" S( u
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring: w0 |; {, \/ y' \3 @1 O- Y
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
4 S0 R1 Q3 F: \! [. L: X( H; `for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
" U2 c2 K5 \( e8 s9 e' Ethat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a' G1 F8 [" ]! a0 e) F
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
7 c+ I, v) C J% T# f( C- \7 S5 Xterminology.
9 F- {/ g9 P) [- |Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;: g' v& P) c2 `: A
Standardization of terminology translation/ g& Z, I* Q8 |3 P/ \: X. z
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to' q( m O8 x* _ O) Z
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern( \$ v' g8 U: v2 V) h. i
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available$ r" T4 { L2 |; g
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213 ?& g- d/ M7 H, f
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION0 Y- ^, L g# o
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
5 t) |. b8 @2 b/ B. X/ Ba great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
8 D" _$ i+ v b# V) \6 h7 M7 PDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to5 J$ I1 ^$ u% ~8 H
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of2 o* n3 B' ^) d3 Y! @
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed* w% ^- r5 N$ X9 |
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as4 A$ n6 K; f; g' V# [
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
& _( m" t9 `* O; G9 b" vhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
' f K7 ~; }8 p- V0 k- H- B1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific. `1 J0 I5 [9 q/ Y2 p2 N
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner," {/ w. B) i6 A0 f3 Q
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
0 ~; f$ g; o* I6 ^/ Q" m- ~2 G% ZNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated3 B( G/ j" n8 Y8 |3 ~& s
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant2 U# ~! b, d2 Z5 W* @
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
7 m% A. i) G6 w, mrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,! C/ [* T! |$ R, I7 E9 l
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
% v, ^% R2 _+ \$ P) k* hbooks that made him the most productive one among the, K; i Y$ K. S- V5 A$ o
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,6 ^ B; Q9 {+ x8 S0 N- O
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
# p+ R, f# c2 L1 J. ~2 v! }8 wnoble work which could help accelerate the process of7 g) m5 t7 v' }# ?9 K' s+ n7 J1 Y# j
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
7 T* ?6 |; i, N& S3 g# NIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer. r' L/ L$ F0 U" n$ S
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western3 r/ ?: V' }# Q& b( n/ F; e
science and the standardization of translated scientific
1 O4 R' c- N+ }2 ]2 v) @' e( ~7 V. dterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific/ _: H7 b" j+ L: A) \
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
2 K. R; O3 T/ h5 b5 Iestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
" [" v( N( {# w- {& g7 [4 C; F1 ^contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series; p5 w7 E& m9 _* e \( Z0 |: Q
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
$ A- I5 |) }: rModern China.& V1 w8 D0 h; `7 y2 J: {7 t
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published o2 C2 ~! K7 Q$ s" Q
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
4 |6 i+ f- t7 W0 e6 c" Rtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing+ `$ K) T; V# V
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
: `9 B. o. `, O2 {John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and6 v& D/ H+ V) T( C
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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