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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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! q- c8 e: K- V! G, c V9 g8 fhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106884 T1 o0 r+ O" a! L
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
$ E- a" T3 E+ GYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
$ V& a& q; U* O' \& g3 T7 fFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.% m% ~9 W. w- h
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of8 r( P3 y5 |: M- A# v9 K
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.4 @' o/ e8 j/ t e# R/ H
8 q" \; h9 i& z3 | R' ` bSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
# P& Z! Q* J5 R. I, bReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
: l* ]: Z0 |6 Y V9 p7 bPublished online 26 January 2018. N$ \6 P( C4 ^
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: g7 b8 g2 Z+ o; S# I# P' @9 aAbstract, {8 I4 R' a' X7 ^1 w% I0 G1 o: V
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
+ A3 b: S8 n9 Z A. v( Y5 u" [Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The: f: i+ y% ]5 D& w; ~
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been* ?# G z, G7 w L) [* I
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not0 d* s% ]/ [2 S: ]" Y3 }; J3 w
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
* V. A. I6 b9 q6 F' {* B8 @3 E, }works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly8 {1 ]! q1 L; n# ~ B8 L
to the standardization of the scientific terminology. k. x$ a" d% k5 b1 H
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s! _) N$ R6 x( G1 |
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas," m, K6 S" A6 I3 F& A7 D1 [) l
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
9 V+ \- ]" ]- f6 `4 n! Istandardization of the scientific terminology translation
: v0 _ i: Q- h# n# D. m# l" |5 @in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
) h, E+ c& d9 A8 r- Dhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
/ x c$ d2 g' c; a5 J- Wof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
! A: Q. K5 j+ A, R* mthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way0 T- d$ E6 | A O% h) W. C: F# Y
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
: r. u" [& B7 ?5 B1 \4 pthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
% F, g. v- M0 Dgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific9 v" P# x, r: H# z8 v0 q
terminology.
! z7 e& s! ?9 R& j7 _& RKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
& U! T7 u. t4 l0 ^0 c$ LStandardization of terminology translation& z8 ^5 n6 d" c5 M0 N
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to7 K$ M4 m. g8 ~8 G% Z8 }2 j
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern0 K( u, [5 Q; h6 N2 u( H1 N4 p
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available- j) Q* M2 `4 m, p9 L' w
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102139 a s- `# l6 t. I- z
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102130 M! ]( }% `8 X7 }; y
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INTRODUCTION! m, b2 T# f1 ^! b
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and1 E; F- ?% Q; V' s" ]: i5 E
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
% D; `' n* w: c8 IDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to# h- x8 v* Y; a. d+ @- L( b+ [, Y# x6 @
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of$ ^; W) v( H* U; J) G1 Q8 n7 E
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed, S$ y3 }0 ]. ]" Q* H8 b" Y
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as; }( w8 h4 N6 t3 |. K0 `, }
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
* u' x& ?* w. e& Ghis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
, q/ w/ ]# m3 a& z! ^) b& h7 X7 o2 e1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific% f* P9 k2 S5 m: U
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,: I6 }/ ]! q3 M. n
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
2 T7 [% H3 T. J9 Y, y9 nNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
8 @. G0 `& U; C+ w) qto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
$ E- Z+ k) r! t4 I7 d- F1 z( l5 ^would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,, @( S% x4 @4 s0 a
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
* K* {8 \. n9 X+ C$ H. ZFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
* n' m6 p; d y2 l! T; M* i5 wbooks that made him the most productive one among the
" V% ~: y; `' z: r- n- Xforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
j. [8 `9 T: P, Xtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
- J# F: i1 @! o: }9 T& H9 mnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
4 [9 |+ U1 @, L) Ppeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).' m& C5 L _8 s" z/ d2 D! x
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
7 Z$ R1 K f4 q, @also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
6 T: \* \: y: p7 B5 {+ Zscience and the standardization of translated scientific/ A% @0 ~2 x. ]/ c9 n* P' Z7 m' E" n
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
& @2 O1 Q4 n ^0 R* jmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
4 p2 F# \( _- _' @establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another; `: d7 m$ W& i0 Z" l
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series3 E! v2 m0 \, l/ K4 w! V, @
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in+ O( W N! u& ^& r4 b
Modern China.# D& I" m3 j3 Z# x* u7 d
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published- E% p/ D, P, z( |- K# Y
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of9 I* A3 y& ^+ V/ |
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing+ A2 R; }( S+ V. D2 w: J' j0 a
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In" r) w0 ~( J" m/ c
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and+ M1 p2 T1 X& W) r9 a U
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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