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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688' j) q2 ]' ^) n0 o2 O' R- j
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China7 z9 n$ m! D% ]" I3 x I
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of% N ? m$ c; j* l2 m9 k
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 Z! }/ d+ ^: P8 ?" N9 l9 A# q2 n' s- D s/ \; O* l4 ~
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of9 ^$ ]/ t' P3 u2 z, A8 ^
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
7 L9 h$ \( E) C
4 i ]! W7 K0 j$ o, i( @% s& m* pSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
; i# F% k1 F) j, I* F+ G" GReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
/ l8 ~' a. f% u. W( f4 B* c0 n oPublished online 26 January 20187 A D0 P G2 [1 c
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$ d9 K8 ]4 Y( u7 Q$ R6 @- sAbstract
. S1 L* ?8 e) V& T7 G/ uJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing/ Q7 Y; i0 |9 S/ f
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
9 L' @+ e. [; j" J2 ?; n/ YTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
! A+ J! F( N& J8 hengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
8 |* {6 q7 r p- [ n. K5 Uonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
: N) y0 e% h: Uworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
( ?& U1 _, P: m. C" M: ~to the standardization of the scientific terminology
7 R6 d: \* K* E9 }0 L* i9 ftranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s% e8 x. y! J1 ~
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
8 k" T# m+ i+ O& f$ y% x+ p* w2 t$ Wand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
0 X& F3 h2 w) m( G5 cstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
8 Z& N6 c3 u& M# @ f# `in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien3 U. L) |, `2 Z% T" ?& V
he established had helped greatly with the popularization4 ^7 v# ~0 |. f4 M; {
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
/ o( v* a+ Y7 |" ]; L) Fthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 v* X/ U' ^; c9 G/ b0 W
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
7 R/ l$ V6 X" k: Y9 p" t$ Z1 zthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
' ?% \( n' J8 ~. egreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific) `% f' R& O6 B- ~
terminology.
# A( B0 {: y& a. G0 TKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
' u2 g. [6 h- E" e! L8 {0 UStandardization of terminology translation' @- {7 j/ k7 E! R+ q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to4 g5 P. j! i6 i6 a: j
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
; Q) S& A: ]6 Y! N7 R: }China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available. x6 z; K- k( P! J/ F4 E
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
# Y; {& u0 p8 C5 U" yDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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! l" z. ]7 U3 ~/ g) @) U5 c8 w0 F9 pINTRODUCTION2 ?! I7 @$ D4 k( B4 `2 J, c
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and" B6 c- @5 `) }8 w
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
2 ~! @+ |2 n- W; G, ]. oDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to7 [1 V9 J. q/ c
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
% q, b$ J, A8 I* A3 l; ]St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed; E. Z0 G- [: n" w* }. _
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
/ V% P" t2 l$ ran editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
3 {. k3 s. P5 S2 c/ Lhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-4 A; I, c. ~+ x8 l
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific- _ K. n" I% d F
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
1 k9 Q( `. z! A3 {Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
. T6 R3 N- V+ |$ W9 ~$ i9 oNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated% O* W! c" \# H
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant4 I% ?2 A$ g& W }! J
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
. U* ?- l& _# N( S* v' C0 ~revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
! X0 d- t5 _9 G% v$ t) t: V( x8 |Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
7 L5 \; ?' L% d, Q+ A/ abooks that made him the most productive one among the% K$ q' i: R% `6 v8 r; f
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,2 j( b: w9 Q1 a6 S! T% M- ^
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a' Z5 {- i$ N' g. M' W# r
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
' r- i$ E: [1 qpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
+ a4 ~- W0 h* H. lIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
& B: Y4 d3 f2 h( r0 ^) walso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
& {- e" p1 X: k! b! L1 b5 Zscience and the standardization of translated scientific
! h0 P! ?, ]& j" `# oterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific! @7 U3 J& p8 @8 m
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
7 @4 O0 @+ M4 restablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
* p! i8 Q0 F0 k! {contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
) K) [5 R) N/ k* r4 G: {9 x fof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
9 f8 k: ]+ a3 N g; yModern China.
5 a: |( Z1 t2 Z1 B; O- K; xAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
+ p- @+ w# L, H4 D: b8 K* G/ wThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of2 V" w( O) X8 w2 r3 C( {4 N
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
- B% T! F+ t R- B; K! ^+ V ea lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
) W5 i; k3 R6 R/ h0 L6 D h2 e* WJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
( U2 s( S+ F' W# S9 S$ ITechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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