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How to figure a home's fundamental value# k% R n E( }
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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% Z9 U, H# K T1 ^" p* A1 W' Y+ eNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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m1 J7 t5 }, N" H3 {Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.9 M/ K- s- r& w$ t, ?! {7 `
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:% c* |, j# G4 y. N( T% _
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.: j8 D1 J M# V% h0 P- i5 }
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
4 O, o' O% \- G8 }, p+ USan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
% M# m4 _ R5 A; z2 D4 ZNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988./ H8 F# p% y% P5 j
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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0 p, s+ l% o4 C+ O3 ]3 LIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.+ G/ C8 D5 {! ?, X9 A
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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7 Q" o% L0 P: j( m: R Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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5 M+ {- G6 H) e# W% fBoston 20.5 30.2
' `0 s' q" D% R6 VSan Diego 22.8 29.7 3 r6 }2 U* F f7 [- v, D
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
" Q( P) n9 N8 F9 @1 \Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 - D0 f2 K- r- [2 P' O
Seattle 20.4 25
4 `$ m8 C' k, s% v! ^5 k# QDenver 17.7 23.7
1 ?* w$ Q' [; s) T8 fNew York 21.2 22.5
! l+ j0 M4 @, P, ?/ @; I' NChicago 17.2 20.8
4 o& l. [9 G5 Q# JWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.+ m+ Q$ K5 M& C, |6 I2 Z" l
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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