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How to figure a home's fundamental value9 x6 Z; p s3 R( g0 _3 ^
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.% Y" {, P/ j z8 w) f* o) U' e
$ {( N. \8 w9 @* A4 c3 E4 i+ aNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed., g" m* w s( h- H, U5 v
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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# q5 U# h e) y: \$ I- yTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.) \& n0 @: `3 l* [0 X& t; k( o4 K
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
' e0 A4 E& N, w5 D8 W eSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.2 w _2 K4 x$ |. u( y
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
" ^- q" Y% r" A- dYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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: [* J8 v) H# a+ I5 `If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
7 i5 z A/ |; L; ~. ^0 G* HSan Diego 22.8 29.7 ' P1 U- G+ ^: s* d! K
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 " V) w, G' ]7 Q( ]/ Q
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 # `8 D d4 |, z
Seattle 20.4 25
+ X& c& h. I2 d% I+ u4 vDenver 17.7 23.7 6 R w% j/ N q
New York 21.2 22.5 ( L/ R- w6 b, |/ @7 t/ x
Chicago 17.2 20.8
8 p8 \" C: [ V) xWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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