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How to figure a home's fundamental value" Q3 U9 b" s& i$ Q; J
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.( Y& A( w9 h u, b: `7 M
- j z4 B$ c; x6 F: D1 I8 v9 nLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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( `1 e$ h5 q& sIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988., |* `6 X% A p! d0 H" D4 ?1 s7 J( J
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
4 x5 P3 Z- H/ T2 U7 P2 \0 q* NSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.# [" U5 o/ ?# @0 M! l1 @
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
. O- I5 x I0 I! y# ~$ L! z( GYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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{1 v, w$ \. U; ^9 p0 j; {8 r1 pIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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1 n3 E1 A3 j. u6 x wIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas # ^; v& ?$ O5 a2 _
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 + w0 C1 y' s% I) F' l
Boston 20.5 30.2
* P% z1 n: v" S% O* Y0 b H5 }San Diego 22.8 29.7
/ T8 z2 f7 C8 RSan Francisco 23.8 27.2 / `2 s2 u; q+ V# {
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6
# e$ A" o5 |) `' Y' xSeattle 20.4 25
, g, A* _9 ]# u. c0 b% FDenver 17.7 23.7
! ^0 G' G! O- J# ^& TNew York 21.2 22.5
/ Q6 F6 F9 r# y+ _Chicago 17.2 20.8 7 k' |: y, m. Z1 C. q8 j9 F6 _
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.. K5 |* ]6 N/ F3 o+ o/ q
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: v& N0 F! Q" @& C) xFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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