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谈英语俚语
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1 | f! h# r7 d/ X+ U; S在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯; e6 E0 x5 j" q
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
6 @ D6 r9 a' i; g8 I# N若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:+ \" T, y3 c* |( ?$ S. G/ n$ ]4 Z4 R
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
8 u2 I5 B, F" m8 B(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)- j R$ F2 N1 P3 g2 @$ g
例如:
. k* l" Y4 d9 Q2 aAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.! B+ p) D* |+ e# y1 c! d8 Y
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
5 l6 A' ]( O, M4 n' A2 { KMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
1 U2 l$ e- Y1 X" Q% n6 |0 z(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。). U# I* s% _6 d3 @$ u
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
0 v7 f9 C2 C0 A! {2 O/ |% }* ]8 ZThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.7 v4 y1 I, q9 c o+ [6 K2 B s5 l
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
( l! @0 p: V7 Q# z: m$ D+ n(2) fair-haired boy:
7 ~- Z) a) O& A0 U指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)4 K: c8 t( K+ ~
(通常用单数,当名词用), u6 f- h2 N3 f3 y ~4 S
例如:
r" x' |: }$ k$ K2 jMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.7 M/ ^, F) x2 S. i' Z$ D: e: q
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
/ m2 K! F1 c; ~0 v) a- L* ?+ g( iNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.' f6 J6 ?6 O* c) y* m. y
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)$ i+ v8 v- ]" v8 Z2 E% c
有时也可用复数:
- }6 B6 p8 l! Y7 W: }/ C1 {+ b' [# hMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.2 z: A4 m% I3 y* L
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)8 P1 x, l4 A# U! s, ?( B) s
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
3 ]$ O1 }$ Y0 f(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
1 G' l$ L6 E6 R' ?( M v" J8 B5 N(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
1 Y! A. @" d9 V(3) fishing expedition:
- \ \+ h% k6 L/ _$ q( c2 [为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
6 ~! R; S0 v& [) m: P! [(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
5 `! O2 q( e5 ?! D# c& a例如:, m, v- c* s, E# [: [
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.1 y5 o( R% i* r# c7 m0 v4 c
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
0 [2 ?3 ~6 E3 C4 p$ f6 w6 h* Y zThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case./ V1 z) C5 ^: ?2 C- {* p7 O
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)+ w0 x& S3 m* ]
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
0 Z3 Q! x J" OThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
+ r9 K, [9 }$ D: `( K% \(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
0 V0 P/ @/ z8 y7 E6 f# N$ j偶尔也有人用复数:3 r* X# d0 k( F4 @6 o8 L
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.: m6 z: h1 [4 W, {
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)4 N* |0 ^; p _8 n# O
(4) filthy rich:( z+ Q$ [/ V; v# F
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
/ ]3 a! ~6 [; ]( J$ |% p+ m(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)" G' `/ P# N: D( L: q
多半当形容词用。例如:# H" z! c! L3 w# J) O3 `
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
3 w' e5 H4 I7 h4 x5 r% Z! `( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)5 J. C' p( L. F8 n
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.7 W S3 ~! b9 I
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)9 K. t2 H/ t: O4 R3 ?: Q+ s
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.$ X7 O- s# G+ j
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。): ^5 L# i, B. A4 ^3 q: N& E2 R
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
7 `* H& R: e( c(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)& m; P; }" z) F# Z% f. a
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
3 k, ]0 n1 [0 K/ D' E: |(5) fairy godmother:+ F9 Y% o- d' Y3 u1 f4 j# r2 |7 v* T0 `. X
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)" m! x2 E" k, V: m
(多半指有钱的女人)9 V6 q! y: @3 ~; A
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
8 O' r) T6 X7 v1 o SMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
* A9 ?, H1 |7 a8 P(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
( G& J# \: J6 S8 | mAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
) l9 M3 T# }$ k/ _* N1 f1 ]0 ?5 c(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)3 g/ D: O7 z: W6 H5 z
有时也用复数:& O: ]- p2 k8 X1 a% U+ m
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
7 V6 I/ z$ s$ I N! V! {, Z5 b(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)5 D$ H" P) }( r! [; q, C
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.' j6 i, _- X7 x
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:
1 P( v. \; R/ y指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion), {/ d3 g7 S! k# [% u7 U
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
3 V& K7 C# [" w" i: F) B例如:' v3 d. p# C: E1 W$ F! y6 e
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.8 A# {& o9 X* `% m, [2 N2 E) F
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
7 U- L; ]5 I, C- [4 ZMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.$ f' z7 j7 q! q( i5 O2 g
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)6 F9 D6 r9 N/ U: z
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.; N8 n/ A. }: U# w, t/ f
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
+ \: e8 ^ L# `4 G& f+ K! C1 YSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people." Y+ I7 h) ~' d5 H& a# T0 n
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
; p9 Z3 u/ `- E' Z# ~3 {(7) hot dog:
- r5 N& d* ^, B# P& i指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
' Y; `' h1 p! v6 L. z例如:
0 b* A* ?3 e" R! j0 zSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time., ?' @3 H$ ~- F. B3 r1 L
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)' U4 r2 M7 B+ b. i5 f0 H u% f5 g
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)2 [/ y; p2 G7 y& d8 ?' |
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
8 ]# X' B6 K. s9 ~3 h, C(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
6 w* V9 Q# N0 x2 }# P(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)5 D! H8 G+ [! m6 ^
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer." o S! S* R+ q7 q3 o) U. D
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
8 t& N) e: n6 q" Q: F, _) m) w也指真正的热狗食物:1 n) d, B1 S+ I) P
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.) u; t# R/ B! Z( L
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)) Z9 k5 C! c/ m+ O
也可表达欣赏的心情:
) L8 I; h9 @# {- U, k C# w( k& S* kHot dog ! What great news for me." k1 e* V$ [+ U
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
2 m) k; t: \! o# E(8)eager beaver:7 ]2 e& j7 w. `" q
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)2 { j" Q: k- \5 l. _
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
. j* P# G1 x$ |% W% }6 \(当名词用,可指男女)4 x/ l" l' C+ o/ ~, G7 G
例如:
8 M) \9 p: f) K$ L$ P2 uJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late. |2 g: }% p D7 H# u
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
7 z8 D% v; O& x! }4 N3 U/ ~% y7 xBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.% n8 }3 }; r! n
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
; y: d% l4 x& w2 x% R' j: tDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
) |0 C1 H6 O; P, e+ q8 u! R1 ?(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
+ p$ C% r9 q. w; C* G1 BYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.& ~) I& ?# |0 u" }1 `7 t# \
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)& X) K5 L3 ~- ]# P L' G
(9)doubting Thomas:
% A& T& s; d2 l这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
" l# z5 k. x8 O: @9 f(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
, i; r8 ?2 ?. u(当名词用)/ N; }, l2 B8 f8 M: `0 J
例如:
$ f' S9 h1 ~3 E% C7 X) VI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
+ o) u: J5 Z* n& o0 N! G& d2 s n(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)2 ^. `$ y" s/ l: n3 N
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.. H6 ?! I$ L: c: y0 f) r9 S: t
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)% s4 d4 ?: m+ [) e$ y
也可用复数:
& G( {; u1 l7 S/ R" l6 [6 R, ?My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
% H# a5 Z+ K6 e% t, h! v(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
) I; y+ T) G7 U0 D# p3 m( xIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.2 e8 o( g: K. C- X7 b! X2 U9 @
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
6 @( {$ Y& I% S2 y8 Z+ ^(10)dragon lady:3 s5 A0 k, }4 O7 ]
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)9 ^8 R: V+ U0 L. V2 v! ^; K- U
例如:
2 P0 ~+ V' H4 }% N* jThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
! A/ @- w( F2 V( l5 {(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
, ^5 U' u: O( w# V+ B( VI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
0 R3 `( o. E7 ]) w) l(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。); K* U/ T d8 [6 T) m l
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
) ^& B3 S# @- ]6 m( m' N(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
: a+ n/ N# d+ _9 n5 r5 E也可用复数:
( p( U, x5 G% F8 CThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
/ x' x; @2 P- a2 Q0 Q(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
2 @, f, n& e' `8 N1 y5 e: N注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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