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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语% m, H! w) X9 d- i

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5 Z3 ?' }: y9 ?3 h3 z" \. K( p在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯9 M* R. I" c+ Q2 ~+ T( D0 D
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
" n8 \' x6 ~1 v- x3 U. _$ q若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!9 |% s( {2 N$ S
& H% Z" l+ k! g# Z% h
(1) empty suit:; E$ m& m5 n0 l
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
0 d( P3 q7 b6 o( ?/ l' l# i% h(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
0 E! D; k7 t% w" y$ _3 l. }; _! M* t例如:
7 [# l& ^: y3 q, W+ S% B2 PAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
! b4 Y6 s5 O/ S0 h; d(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)8 r9 w0 f: p( |% f! \( e
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
1 `+ q3 L, d9 w, H5 ~(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
; D! D5 b9 Y8 q$ l( Y1 y虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:" J- [2 L9 w% c2 U/ u
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.' w* _5 x% `/ ?2 w5 Y  q$ i
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)* n) Z( L! Y6 ?, d% d9 P2 ^
(2) fair-haired boy:1 n( l$ J6 g: Y
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
& S% h2 l: B/ F(通常用单数,当名词用)
" D  Y7 @$ \( j& c1 h3 C  u例如:
( ?) h. p3 r, {: MMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
. w2 n9 G' c3 V+ K5 Q1 c' C( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)0 N/ u: E# Q- r" T
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.& C8 e' @- T% a6 E
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
2 g& W7 [' c" f) G. c+ A有时也可用复数:
! ?! f$ s/ K( ^) U2 H: t3 Q9 @Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.4 z; s1 V1 k! `& b+ k! u
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)4 D/ `7 ?9 G) v" d7 W
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.1 J( n( D( D; l! S7 f" a  f7 K
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)+ o! N: L9 P- X) X  w" Z& g+ l
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)1 }' M% \5 A* G8 `" ~
(3) fishing expedition:. H0 u# y1 t; k
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
' U  F8 k9 j+ s& o7 N4 ~(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
; o4 X7 Q+ ]- ~% P" l0 `例如:
; ?, [% y+ @6 D  g  O! ]" \  k2 ~The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.0 ~- C  b6 \8 @( w' h$ C: [
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
' y/ R: J: x- Q! l5 W: d1 UThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
6 d) i' H  H6 c# v1 R. I(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。): X4 T* ]: D* U8 M
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)" b+ Q( i/ |9 x/ H+ r
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
+ w) v" Q0 S/ ^1 q(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
5 {% k/ R- M  P3 J8 t/ a8 S偶尔也有人用复数:
* [# t5 e, k! c) B4 X8 S" _+ ]Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
1 k3 v+ f+ O/ H(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。), I8 E+ l, p) F- w1 Q& l
(4) filthy rich:+ [7 o! Y% _2 `" e6 F
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)2 e1 V2 I! n+ e- o, c+ a
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)! D4 n0 @' ^* W) ~$ V: u; j0 Q
多半当形容词用。例如:
4 C! b0 X) N- j* B" jWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
' P* {6 ~0 O( e$ ?0 L. x" R9 r( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
2 F' r, G% I9 e; H( N6 vDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.% N4 U# S* N" @0 T4 l, j6 Q
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)$ ~: v: z3 L: s0 J8 n  b
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.$ V0 e; B6 ?- d) ]7 C- G! p3 V7 j
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)3 J) e7 `! a8 u/ V6 s' ?# y
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
. O7 M2 O7 L% L3 _7 d(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
5 B/ R% }; H% K- x, P  ~6 I(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
! Q6 t5 j8 C( s* d) B(5) fairy godmother:
- {* {1 F8 Q. a0 Y& ]: d  W指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)- L: N1 v* b9 P( j5 \6 U& X& G
(多半指有钱的女人)6 @% H" }! R! u+ {
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
1 f8 M1 B7 S9 W6 k- J2 zMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
% B6 w9 q/ \1 o; N+ ]( Z- X(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
0 H4 y2 x2 r; p, wAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
( V4 |1 b6 g- H7 m: t/ `2 P. p(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)2 N* f* Y7 p1 g8 M, L7 q
有时也用复数:/ W" \! d  X$ P6 f. Z. ~2 I# n
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
& Y3 b6 U. }; i5 ~/ s5 N" I0 i" k(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)( {2 s, P4 }! y0 t3 u6 p' a
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.# X5 v) B5 i6 Q# {8 x
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:
, p- r" B. X1 P& J6 }指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)( @- H  I9 l3 x
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
0 ?* E: n* ~3 u/ P# e9 t6 x8 r例如:
# ~; {" f5 n2 k) e3 s9 qYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.! t/ ?; [" w) l' \
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。): e) F2 V6 X/ Y3 F2 B
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.# l5 d0 ^0 M% E4 b; k5 @6 r7 ]# B
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
: k& ^* A- a3 ~The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.( G8 |: e8 d* E4 m& t
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)1 b" e* g2 V# C: p5 }; ~4 ]7 V
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
* z) Z, B' z7 x' l. F& }(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
$ ?7 B! Q0 c% F* g(7) hot dog:
% O7 ^& p" x( u: B3 {! o指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
+ d* I; `8 K2 ?5 N* B9 l! P5 e8 O) P例如:
. [) [/ }9 ]6 E! m  T5 T5 xSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
) l. H8 n2 f- |4 Y(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
: X4 d* {9 K& G0 Y+ c8 C+ y(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)9 s$ N' u) t- ]4 S" c) T7 Q" Q
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
" K! G- N% t) N0 |  ?(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
! ]* @$ M' K2 v1 Z2 k- a(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)0 W. b0 b4 A" }/ L
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
' B, `5 [, @- ]/ @. y(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)5 c0 U: ?) }" w8 X8 y# N; l! V# b& e
也指真正的热狗食物:
$ h+ |6 C) X; A( G4 E# z' F6 XThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.; Q4 \% ^8 H, V9 b) y
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
0 X; Z! M4 ]5 W! K* b1 r8 c0 a. P* e也可表达欣赏的心情:: A" {9 ^; I& W9 L! B$ w' g% ~: y
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
, {$ g% K% R: W& _+ R8 I' _9 d(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)# Z* G# V+ Y: |# D2 g* v1 q' }
(8)eager beaver:
4 ]) T' f% ?: u2 J0 E指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
5 I! a/ A. O; l, y2 h1 {: l(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
/ @' K& M& J. W1 T- ~9 R(当名词用,可指男女)  s; M5 e& y! l( y
例如:
) |# |. }1 H+ M, b: W) l# \" UJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
1 h8 w* i/ |$ `/ s% q(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)0 Q5 U3 o! `/ W0 q1 {& O: _
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
% B6 q/ H6 @+ m4 R% @(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)0 X% F4 W( K& X4 U0 r
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
0 n0 l$ L7 j$ S  {(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)6 `' x+ ^- G' V& Q) b2 Y
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
( Z$ Q. t; a: K(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
6 Z# \. G. |  O( H8 ^(9)doubting Thomas:
& A* e# x. I. R  h6 S& d8 D4 l这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)0 |3 Q8 x6 }- D: X% d1 T
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
) H+ L+ ?7 }0 k6 E( D(当名词用)
; A  n$ k, V% p/ n& h例如:
4 {  u1 e# y  O! H6 QI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise./ T% O% k! v0 c" Z. F
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)7 n- f. J) |/ g5 A+ }9 s
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
; ]+ H$ ?* Q0 s5 D6 n(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)1 M# Q- Q' H/ H% d/ s* u* o
也可用复数:7 Y! O( ]+ s; l; S- E3 u
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
  U3 l0 v& C2 x$ y(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)5 }2 q+ J2 b% E+ {
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another./ m; R. y: |  w" ]( v2 A
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
$ y6 s7 ]" _5 o(10)dragon lady:2 l+ n3 q7 x" A* G; ^
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)  X% P$ d+ Z7 w: u# V
例如:
! ]5 ^& `- J! g( F6 L2 A& D' fThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.$ x+ ]4 Y- G0 ^- j1 U# I( f5 k
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
0 B7 o$ _3 q: F! Q8 D4 K  w5 CI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady., u! J3 Z* B$ Y9 F0 `; [8 z
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
" ]: V7 C& r  Q/ s0 kShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
' c3 h( \4 _  L' G% ?8 Q(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
4 x# G6 j/ x) E/ L也可用复数:
( v4 C! [" `6 j& E) h; F( C( {9 jThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.  k3 j' x. u' Y4 t
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。): B  {# P' J$ S* L
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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