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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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, r- d+ U; P& d8 ~在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
3 U; b" Q+ [9 W9 _之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。: P; m( u. Q' U; L" p9 }( c+ V
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
5 Y8 P# |7 ?/ {3 Q8 ~' t0 d$ F5 G  n4 z4 C" J+ F+ ^! H+ _
(1) empty suit:" V- L4 @6 e7 {9 h4 U7 j; h
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。4 p2 J# S' j# \4 L8 c
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
4 ?/ ]7 d; v1 ^- u% H例如:
$ z9 X; q; L% N" o$ ^: ?An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.! h9 ^9 G, K0 Z: w" L: \
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)% `& S0 i, B' G$ }$ W& W; E% Z
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
; D5 Q9 ^- z( c4 U" V9 j(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)8 Y5 ~1 P# q7 o/ v3 w% N% O
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:  p. C* G4 I" m( I: w! s
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.$ W: {" L' `! b4 n) }$ L' }
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
0 R  z1 p. t5 A5 S; b(2) fair-haired boy:
0 A6 t* k. N! G" f" a指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
' y2 m- R+ K0 e8 U(通常用单数,当名词用)
. u. ~0 b( r! X例如:
8 h% c) C+ ^# r9 oMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.9 f5 p. i/ R  c# H/ U- r
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
5 c' |0 P6 d& QNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.  t' \* \& F4 H
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)0 f# K* Z. x' s' Q
有时也可用复数:1 `0 L& b; B3 d! a# w5 L
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.- M% l+ b) t8 ^* s& q4 h3 k& W3 A7 Q
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)6 c& C5 N# b4 O0 O% n& K; C
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
1 o% E% \9 D' H% ]" X" f" n(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
! w  B7 w1 u- L" O. Z& |# |(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)5 V* u6 {4 g( }
(3) fishing expedition:
$ N6 I% ~* U8 d7 V为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)4 \5 P" c, I3 O$ \2 p
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
2 q: }/ S0 ~& c: f  J, N) O例如:0 G, B5 `7 Z, o* ?
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
  ^3 C0 G5 w+ `) F9 ?8 A$ E' V(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)5 t% i3 V. ^) Q
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.; b/ v4 c8 Z( Y" S# m
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
# Y) o& c4 p3 y; U(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)( |9 r3 x" p' P& h
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.* `4 o' v9 v2 F& I4 P5 F
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
2 D+ Y9 K3 q6 b, j偶尔也有人用复数:- B7 e- j7 ?, L; Y
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
5 B# P0 S# t( X" ~1 m0 b(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)5 T3 x; ?/ l6 o+ y
(4) filthy rich:% E$ W1 d, S' \2 H
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)( A  n3 U0 _. E( O+ i5 s9 X( F/ Y
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
; @  v( a- }7 j0 N多半当形容词用。例如:
, K4 g) Q3 S% }With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.0 m% k' K/ l& _6 U: n
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
  }2 ~- p1 J7 U' U# WDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.* L; r' w% a) i$ ?
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
5 P  D- w6 K7 {5 `2 ~# w/ E* @) Z, tA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.' M$ A2 E9 r( O
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。); z) x6 h( I9 X9 b. D
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.; {/ {; I/ @% K! ]: b; O0 ?
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
1 J( X  R$ b& |' i# Z8 R) ^9 z(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)) D% n+ P9 n+ i* k3 o
(5) fairy godmother:+ r/ G* e$ L$ L! ?/ s" h0 x/ d/ m
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance); \/ x; Y  I. \; X; @0 I9 @% B
(多半指有钱的女人)
! g, v8 G+ q$ R* ~& F! H6 N$ z4 J5 p(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
, G6 [- F1 p) T% f$ U$ T( R& S# QMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.: v; z4 @) c: d* v. ]- _" o
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
" l" @: e; U5 s6 a* ^3 |' ]  [After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.* |4 S0 j7 q8 H7 w% f
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
- x! ?  d, n* {# f0 D有时也用复数:
- [3 C7 s& p  }0 B& Q$ nOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
  s% U9 J& J' o! m(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 ?2 ?( [# h# _- i1 i; U$ eIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.  F9 y  J, T. H4 p! A% _5 v
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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1 J, a  L  t. z: m) \6)eye opener:
" o: Q7 ?( B3 W1 h1 Y指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)7 \3 R3 a% \0 A4 U- v
(当名词用;通常只用单数)# O5 {% a# W' W* r/ y
例如:
; `9 d8 q1 E& h% sYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.1 N: k4 W4 ~+ w, ~. ~! E8 o/ [, n  H
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
9 f% I5 @* \% a; p3 L0 W' VMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.9 D4 r3 J7 {4 W: b9 h- G
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
& x# ~9 A+ T  b. F0 _6 Y2 FThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
, j% y. q' B6 o0 B(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。): ?' J6 F; F0 [- m
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
& G4 w+ D9 i% o6 Q3 Y(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)( }. k3 B0 W+ k( f& ~7 Z
(7) hot dog:- w, L" Z* Q& U% g* V' W' q8 G  Q
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)( a6 L. X$ m- P& {  g- m
例如:0 Z# x5 S7 L+ ]* ^
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.! ~3 D9 z8 |( o
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。), g, ^' {9 q5 V" d( @% _* p! t
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
. U; K5 p( H) i! x; G( L2 D. @In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
4 z9 u& s5 u$ n1 G8 J3 Z8 O9 u2 W' Z(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
. q- W+ G1 D5 a7 j1 F(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)6 J/ `" T  i: N8 t) r
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
( v6 Q7 R. s+ a2 g9 W7 E(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
# x6 g& Y7 c5 ]! Q也指真正的热狗食物:
, w* ]7 L/ d. D- ~3 H% R2 @The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.% y& P: v; l2 }4 {- _
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
1 |1 c" Z2 w- a! ]) H2 t也可表达欣赏的心情:. S/ x! j4 B9 a4 d5 X' B2 I3 O! A
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
+ j' m! a5 |, W(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
. ]' Z- y0 U  R; f( h* Z3 s6 r(8)eager beaver:
7 O' o5 L- j0 j! ]" r# L* [1 C指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)" ~1 ~( z) A, H1 \/ n2 |1 s
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)2 R  d+ D9 i& i+ j
(当名词用,可指男女)1 }. `% U6 e* W( S' y/ `- C
例如:
- G8 C7 g) j2 Y6 ?7 i% SJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.5 V5 ?3 Z; C* b4 @3 [6 c
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
* m- g! }0 l1 w* Q, G" [6 }% O0 ]Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
/ d2 [# S+ H9 g; ?! O(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)5 I  A% G8 \) d8 j7 S4 f
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
0 S& T* @4 M- j0 W+ a(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)0 J, q( k7 N: G/ T0 d
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
& ~$ ^4 M/ |8 F# s3 V0 o(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)1 t3 Z3 N4 K8 v% |
(9)doubting Thomas:: i, [+ L' L+ u* H5 L+ v. v+ L
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)- Q  \  w7 {1 R8 V. E6 A8 i
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
9 \$ q. s" c' t: |(当名词用)1 B& H: r1 V" I# y
例如:! ~! b/ D) n- u, j! F
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
) P+ O. k$ W4 {( f+ q4 q(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)! j2 g( n# i9 n. k2 v' r, e
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
% {/ i% b4 P/ n. X" m2 S(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)) D, H- o6 |* a9 ^
也可用复数:  H) Y9 x5 i8 O  b2 _0 r( s9 ~( J
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
; s3 T. r5 G3 j: c$ p7 p(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)# F* }. M/ D0 y$ z: O5 h' H. g
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
: u* m2 M! t8 w& ?/ F3 {+ ?9 e(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
4 k; ^9 B( D0 r4 {" A1 k(10)dragon lady:: R& Q9 S# o; ?; w8 H* [
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)2 R" t* f$ {1 P8 H9 T" n
例如:& E2 V; P" U5 @' `
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.8 H6 O6 M4 N- g" n
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)* d6 M  S8 y8 u* T# y, l
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
/ @$ W# L8 p$ z2 V(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)& b! Y5 x# X( p1 C( I/ m
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?5 t9 H. h+ D$ ^& X  F
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
8 B( u7 h5 q% U9 w5 i8 q3 D; o. }/ J也可用复数:- i& I3 a2 ]3 h
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
! B4 u/ S$ D3 U0 P( D(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
" ^) ^( T& F1 r9 q注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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