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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
, j* S9 P$ h( C9 a3 p之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。0 q; [: ]% l) z  J) n* s8 Y4 m
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!9 j* j: c. q3 }! h
  g/ g/ C) g( [0 T0 c
(1) empty suit:  K- f  e& m( N" C
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
4 y9 P$ e- @4 [( p1 d5 i/ f(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
  s; H# D0 G% D+ L. X/ P9 ]+ s例如:: B6 |# y% C: o
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
3 I' K6 M- B1 _; ?$ D& I(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
% V" r- H/ g* n4 Q2 \Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
2 j, E- i: [4 Z; R; X8 d9 j(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)# I% T6 n0 X  @" [
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:0 }+ Y/ g; T8 }& K) t  c1 p
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.. U" D! @, H% T2 O! L* I0 s; Z9 R
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
9 L1 {" _8 C8 R(2) fair-haired boy:- x1 b+ c# g: N' R$ v
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)6 q3 K, t6 R6 }3 U; @
(通常用单数,当名词用)
" ~5 v0 u7 J6 x/ k9 g5 w' A  k例如:
! |* F9 v; Y7 Q$ v1 d9 \Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.. @" z& a7 }5 S
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
/ y5 E$ W- F3 h" B5 bNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions./ V9 C4 l) _! L7 q
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)' y5 ^+ M) z! {% {. e+ X1 i  y
有时也可用复数:
$ b" m# a$ l8 D5 ~& ^" VMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.+ F2 b$ A" h( i6 n! w- ^* w
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
1 `% O/ }3 Z. X& x1 ^* z; A! EFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
' e7 d" J, G0 b2 n(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)6 B3 r- s7 f5 h$ q7 s+ V. ]" K" B; W
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
# K; Z/ x* q, x. Q1 d% l(3) fishing expedition:; P+ z& L5 B6 V* q3 ]7 W3 _! L
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)  C. _) q# |8 h! C
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
9 M! D: T/ j1 f% e! G4 S例如:
; W$ P; t5 D6 O" [; ]6 Y5 G  DThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.5 }$ N/ ?3 Z- b% B$ u0 Y+ e9 t
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)$ y3 C2 {( a6 z% e, g
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
2 m0 H* }# v  E6 e2 e(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
( {# n. F7 }; I' H# x0 @$ [(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)7 R3 E8 Q4 Q$ W, k: l: @: Z7 p
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.' m- X* H$ P3 r! C& e- g+ G5 q1 m
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)6 S( A' Q5 u/ y  h% a3 n* [
偶尔也有人用复数:5 S' f% ?2 v+ s" N1 v) S
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.3 q% k! a' X; P
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
2 k# G" j7 [8 o, O(4) filthy rich:
  C& G1 h' L9 o; \5 c/ n6 u意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
. S' ~6 C9 F2 q: Z(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
3 ^4 i; O7 \% v0 U# H+ k3 Y% r- c多半当形容词用。例如:
% s8 O" b' E/ ]; f' }With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.5 t6 G4 L, W% f5 C
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)' R) M7 G: G1 e7 |9 V* v" W
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
+ c* ]  B0 O/ d) ?(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
7 n$ C$ |$ n* t8 j0 y! D+ Z# MA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.: x5 p$ F& A% w" i- j
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
. z% X/ ^0 r, G9 p9 w7 NFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.1 a% |2 e$ T1 x$ {$ x
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)( q! L' J/ z: {( O8 k
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)4 C% w' C$ [/ _4 L! g; g7 Y; Y* ~) W
(5) fairy godmother:
( x1 D1 l8 t. ?6 D7 D9 W6 E指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)$ X: V8 v* m" o
(多半指有钱的女人): ]8 e( D7 j) y0 z7 z
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
  m/ l- b/ [# m3 E7 PMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
5 e9 b! g6 l& H1 X+ ]- \+ J' o(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。): b8 ~  h+ f% V  q6 n
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.1 Q; D, r  f2 J5 l% ~- ?2 D. i, V
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
- X5 M$ ~7 |8 a& T& T) K有时也用复数:: ]* p; e& z1 C( E* t
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
! b* {5 \" j0 t3 h& R$ V(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)! X- r( c1 I) R5 ?6 k9 p
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered." n2 x! n* n! o3 `' I5 C
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:$ T' P6 C; ~; W4 x. }  j
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)' |" ]  S, v- S% x9 A9 b
(当名词用;通常只用单数)% X" G" y$ B; ]' J9 F  f
例如:
5 D, @) y4 `* z  m5 rYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
1 R: t3 a7 T6 b) S% G0 @( F2 G(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)9 l$ t; j% f: I
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.% m5 J1 l! ?9 |$ k
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
$ c; H: d' _5 `3 v% ^The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.% ^! {! h- ^# {! `0 f
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
0 `% D! A. b% \3 ]Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.( r4 S: g+ W0 h' v0 t" k
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)# n. N2 \  X" T5 i' n2 }$ `  G+ E8 y1 ?
(7) hot dog:
- X7 J: y4 T; E) Y5 v指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
2 x; @+ E4 G" o; M. H) ]0 L: g# N" \例如:
1 R4 ^2 q8 d$ H, `Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.9 n$ Z& Q' \, f8 l+ o" L* N
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)2 ^0 p7 ?( _) ^- a7 E
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
- s! b% N$ E; ^" P# \7 JIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
: Z& s& I! t! d6 Z* t# g% b  K(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)# F0 l( C6 `9 E6 I- q
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)/ u* c6 Q( w2 T; w, D( H# J2 H
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
2 S: U- r9 i: P! F8 R7 J(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
! H7 ?/ h" T& G/ r5 @* ~2 c- b也指真正的热狗食物:
4 p. V0 p( a' \4 c; H% jThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
# r  b. g2 Y* N: z(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
8 r! ^" q6 o5 k  \  f# c( c也可表达欣赏的心情:, B' |) L# B3 J+ e% R. y+ K) @
Hot dog ! What great news for me." f) E* D8 w# y$ F- Q0 \. J
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
# ^. E6 S# t7 n; y$ [7 I+ K(8)eager beaver:
9 {% |, d8 d* G; D+ x* N; `指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)6 J" u! a* o) P$ b# q2 d
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
- V2 e/ b, c, S% I8 V(当名词用,可指男女)
/ P$ |: y! Y! z/ ~$ u例如:! y; w% ~, _& n( S$ n: u' n( z  ^
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
0 d! m/ f$ {: D& g(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
6 B5 ^) q" o4 eBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.! N# R& ]/ U: z; y# T1 A  l
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
/ |  D0 l" n6 D" `) ]5 ^Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
1 J# l# z2 J  L+ ?4 r& d0 f(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)7 g1 }# A! K5 B3 J5 a6 Y
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.% @) ]( ?3 F5 |4 a4 C3 f
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
- y2 e' ~* ?/ l) S( Y, {3 ~(9)doubting Thomas:
$ A, _! E$ R1 c% G$ P这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
4 n4 y& \7 G7 |5 n, z% U! b(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
% q1 k8 q8 v+ U5 h(当名词用)
$ X4 h1 E& o2 Q例如:. G: f& P- q$ R' R; O) B
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
5 V* X8 k/ V$ Q% g  S, ?* U(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)0 v& ^; P2 O" B0 `$ ^/ m
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
6 e# m0 F  l% h8 f(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)5 w/ k! ^  W  ?% f+ L9 T# b" ?
也可用复数:
  Y8 ?! g: i. K: c1 {! ^9 D2 p  yMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.+ \+ j6 F9 k7 L, J# Y) ?! Z+ t5 g4 G
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
0 P/ r$ M' q0 V* a. ]+ v" @  EIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.- V+ ~  W/ ~' Q
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
" P% ]+ }9 p1 [/ f(10)dragon lady:( U+ N4 W2 m4 D+ {7 H+ D) ^
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
5 j4 o0 C7 \8 q# W1 m) A7 O# O例如:% G1 H6 `* z6 R7 I/ Q
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
# M' y& ~- h5 l* L% q(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
0 l! n3 c! |0 l6 bI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.% [7 I+ M  f% @# q  M  U
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
) k) e# k4 Z" D1 F$ j$ IShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?% ^% P3 k' G, @3 U
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?). ~' {3 ^- y9 s% v, @! X% G
也可用复数:
' |$ `, J8 C! z6 T$ pThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
9 r5 \% h8 g4 m" |2 L(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
( E2 i2 P3 f  B) X! x1 w; v* l注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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