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谈英语俚语6 Z" k, ]) N( A- l' f
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯3 n) P1 O r; I
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
1 `9 n. N1 C S% S若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!6 y7 r$ d3 w! H/ D
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(1) empty suit:3 a9 _: M3 M/ L! |
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
4 ~* T' D5 o; z+ @; a(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
! y! Z: c# u% K# E3 F+ I; H# P/ ?例如:
- ?: _& B, }- K& @3 TAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
9 K: {# K( p: f0 `* s7 h1 L(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。) z% v: \/ x! W! V2 e; L) d- s& x; h( S
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
! M2 g1 U0 y5 J(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)7 x0 [$ X( c. p& B# i
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
/ L( a/ H1 Q5 U' W4 EThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
: I( J' E, U3 C. n, b3 k3 |(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
A7 G( J" _5 H3 p3 T R" l! t \(2) fair-haired boy:/ t @4 o+ j1 z' p% ^
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)2 f1 g1 E) F( I1 R* {% r# o8 f# P0 k
(通常用单数,当名词用)8 U/ T2 l* M% R2 h9 v0 ~6 I# G
例如:
6 ?0 z$ p p: k$ p& aMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.7 Q% F6 r$ A% A+ [" Y) Z! `
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
" L/ f y0 Z% b3 @2 UNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
) F3 S# j% b' ?(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)9 D" p \5 G, F+ B; e
有时也可用复数:
0 i/ E2 o5 u6 E$ k! N/ s- lMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
! Q# E3 o% r$ D' y' G3 ~3 j$ y2 j(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)$ _0 C [3 K9 e* V! [
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.* K3 ?9 B1 |; x5 ~! e1 M
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)9 |2 B- a" a4 F) ]5 H, ^
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)6 z$ m$ M8 [( |
(3) fishing expedition:
% c* G/ M# P. c$ r8 v为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
' ~& h, k1 V' C/ y y7 x(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
+ R/ `# f$ Z5 ]. y% K2 Q. d1 V例如:
3 O ]- D. _, H% H! F9 TThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ K4 ~6 L3 N) D- W4 R! k0 |) D
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)$ u7 I/ C, U7 d4 B( |0 L; S
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
1 H) J i0 |$ m* y2 x, D* u(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)6 X; d. g# d# C/ F% v6 W) ~$ R- k. Y
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)0 l8 `# |2 M, d: H: B2 ^
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War. Q6 u2 \! j: E7 H" f: _
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
* x& a: e; W6 c; k, ]) R L偶尔也有人用复数:! x& B* R1 D: Z
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
* w) X: c5 U2 m: t+ r; c(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)6 F1 `0 r6 n- j+ E3 |" c+ G
(4) filthy rich:
! w9 @. M, z. N, \: n意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)# `! N+ |% {/ F! b2 O
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
) ^! H% y* T$ Q8 {多半当形容词用。例如:7 _; l7 w+ ]2 {* ?
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
. X& u/ _% o' a; e) }! I: l# I( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。): \% K4 ~, \/ A& S5 D& Q) ?1 U
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.2 l6 h* e. K( T; g
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
& P$ m8 j$ L: }& pA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.9 s; h3 _1 c7 D" q+ a u) O# J( o
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)6 _, P2 W7 V1 B- B" {
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
6 P- t! ]& g! b2 F(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
$ @/ h5 b" Q: C w. E/ r/ P5 Y* I/ L(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
, r2 z j' E5 v; V# X(5) fairy godmother:
/ [; V( @( ~( {7 m4 \: ?指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
+ p/ M1 a0 f! E- `# F(多半指有钱的女人)0 `* o4 C4 k1 _$ u
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
) C6 [0 c4 d- T. H6 v/ Q; fMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
/ G' b' D% M, b( F5 A(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
0 u* a3 e: O# U- R, K* ^+ n/ u% bAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.' ]( c* a, z- U9 Y) _
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。). Y( c4 N: M4 [# |- }& ~# N
有时也用复数:- @9 s# \% V @5 Z2 X
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers. z$ t7 x3 }5 Z8 A& r
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)0 x. R Q9 V; N1 ^0 V. `
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.* `) ^2 T; s) ]1 X* W) ]
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)& `8 F& x5 U8 K# J9 X0 \$ v
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6)eye opener:* [2 l {, X0 |3 _$ Q, S' l
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)! ^) g0 p+ t( U& W
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
3 U l& f1 W1 U. _例如:! B( r. f5 D; q1 h
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
8 s% K7 G) {+ l' I! @(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
; F9 B) V. e8 L: X) g5 s& x- }Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
1 i- g4 V' W2 W4 v6 }2 N( j(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)+ F! t* u4 `/ O0 m5 k
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
& E$ ?& q: M. V(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
7 m0 K4 I" @1 c5 x/ QSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
4 o$ W# ~7 \2 p(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)7 e8 x6 D' O) Q3 ?% A) F- C, `
(7) hot dog:
0 e# {* ~- \& A) n8 y指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
" s+ }8 Y; o0 n/ }例如:
+ o9 w/ @0 _4 V X& s: M" K1 _Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
1 g& {& \$ p+ X& v% K, |: N(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)& r, ?( ~: \! u p0 m; e' o
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
+ J5 _/ w3 q: V, f1 F- }4 eIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
. v! U) O' C$ \, ](在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)( o& f0 G1 Q0 P7 a0 F( V9 V
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
: N: U" X! a, t% rDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
' Y* A! p9 _/ E9 H0 e% S8 a(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)+ u' s& {8 d0 C" M
也指真正的热狗食物:- `7 T3 _) y! ?6 }/ l) o& \
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.; M' B1 G. P: a+ h, T1 S
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)4 i' ^$ s! B6 z2 F$ w1 J
也可表达欣赏的心情:) q+ D$ N7 e9 X8 `- f2 F4 E
Hot dog ! What great news for me.$ c" R/ W( ^. K& ^ U2 D9 c
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)5 B! y# X& ?8 e' x8 d
(8)eager beaver:
5 p$ p; @7 ~6 P指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)& E B1 Q4 N$ l5 e# o
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
v+ I& h+ N" k0 d: t(当名词用,可指男女)
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John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
: y" e; D% e2 I- t% g(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)1 l6 _5 k7 |4 C, g
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
% l: C) c+ ]7 m8 d(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)! Z) `9 V% i) ^
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
9 N2 K. k& e8 e(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)1 R/ J" o6 |: B& ]9 m2 l2 G
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.5 ]/ x5 d# @) G; g
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)+ C) s: H! s( a; r' _; R V
(9)doubting Thomas:
, D, m( V# S }2 g/ G这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)' H* \* ~, d3 {0 K
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)3 ^0 @! {0 {3 k/ U$ U5 V/ [, `! p! c
(当名词用)
9 V2 p: c) n7 y' V9 P' t例如:
0 _# `, w' y. T1 n, w3 y$ CI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
* r& w8 C; R+ U4 n* y& [(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)) c8 D4 c, J- F% h5 V
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.9 c1 t3 e9 Y5 d7 {& M* n2 d
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。) d8 ]& [4 j J% u! r1 j
也可用复数:
3 U) _- ~& ?; i) sMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
6 T# k5 ~* i' q7 I6 T0 s8 i. u(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)3 Y9 T! z4 S' G; o# d3 S$ P6 B
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.+ u" j. h7 k9 A' ^
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)% C: \/ b# S7 ?* |$ n( ^2 l: j
(10)dragon lady:
# G7 q L" B. I! c- i5 L指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用): P: _( u1 a* {; \- Q- A) H+ A
例如:# ~8 V+ F" {$ [+ o3 m
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.# J1 b8 d4 g( w7 j s* A! F
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
& Y+ d7 z) s# {I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.* }. g" [4 K e( n- T/ H4 D/ H
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)+ R C; ?# X2 Z* z; y
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
" ?8 v' @# \; | c(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)2 U' z- Z+ g9 z7 m. J. `
也可用复数:( g. n, y! A. x/ j& T/ `
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
6 Z+ I: {! g3 j7 {(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)8 G' F) j3 B0 F6 {$ G* [
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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