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Accounting system 会计系统
9 i' B* h! J4 I$ U2 UAmerican Accounting Association 美国会计协会 . g7 m$ i4 d, E9 e3 _
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
- M, {) y. ?$ Z0 x, XAudit 审计
) a% v0 I$ T) B( G2 n7 x8 \Balance sheet 资产负债表 # U; A4 }" X7 n" S) ?- @
Bookkeepking 簿记 ' Z5 O6 y# r/ E- M7 U" s& @5 v
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 + z8 M. b C9 [ s8 v1 G* Y! z- i8 [
Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 9 v. P& L# Y* A& X6 c8 [+ O& x+ c
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
1 t: K' u+ x1 ?, C1 sCertificate Public Accountant注册会计师
2 b) X5 v& P* R: \5 n7 _Cost accounting 成本会计
" @, C( s+ j8 V+ t* @/ X7 VExternal users 外部使用者 , {+ k: |$ \; A8 A8 Q8 v. K
Financial accounting 财务会计
5 J( R r, C8 a) O4 s' K3 hFinancial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
4 V- V a- \- G: I/ y4 TFinancial forecast 财务预测
1 L: C4 V( }+ \& [2 L& ZGenerally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 - T, M. @5 c& H' E/ H6 L
General-purpose information 通用目的信息 7 _* M8 @! J* o( R6 ~$ Y
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
+ ~5 u! ~2 @' ?0 L% }! |. S! kIncome statement 损益表 1 ^, [7 O& O& v. z+ Q5 M
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
0 f: [& V) q$ {$ rInstitute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会
% V" U( b2 `7 j! ~/ QIntegrity 整合性
& U7 n1 ]7 E7 k0 |Internal auditing 内部审计 . L3 L- b- Q2 f) q
Internal control structure 内部控制结构 / F# A, Y% U: p
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
0 t) D0 i# N* s+ X9 @, w2 z; p' NInternal users 内部使用者 - ?* F. p; |4 K
Management accounting 管理会计
. A+ S3 z" A$ h- J( N! QReturn of investment 投资回报 # G% P* H8 ]- K
Return on investment 投资报酬 9 O% c k" K1 s0 S
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
; L( p: |: e. P" g5 CStatement of cash flow 现金流量表
. z4 n# `% E% N; _ z ^Statement of financial position 财务状况表
, a a1 Z" W2 R( Y3 |) |Tax accounting 税务会计
: v* F5 V! n: h3 G' m r$ {- HAccounting equation 会计等式 " |1 U$ d7 P1 ?' j+ ^
Articulation 勾稽关系 Y- r' @0 y' }, g2 Y' S, D2 u c
Assets 资产 0 {: b( H+ f5 h. e+ ]% ^
Business entity 企业个体 & q2 w- o9 G& S9 h, p+ m
Capital stock 股本 , l4 [$ ^9 }$ T% a O1 z3 Z
Corporation 公司 0 k" ]- @+ N2 z
Cost principle 成本原则 D# G1 ]- t2 L* B
Creditor 债权人
' C+ d( y5 U- X! k. PDeflation 通货紧缩
7 N6 v- q3 c' _Disclosure 批露 / \: {' a9 J4 f7 T B
Expenses 费用
) C9 v( q2 O) W9 [: A7 B& Y! f0 r$ EFinancial statement 财务报表
& [& N! E, y( G4 Y2 `4 q( w' }Financial activities 筹资活动 6 Y* y2 V; I- b, I7 F" B
Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设 ' L0 m+ ^% J4 w1 G& |6 ]# l
Inflation 通货膨涨 0 {$ @$ u7 Q3 b9 V# D6 m( t; y
Investing activities 投资活动 * A8 ~) W/ Z) h4 v: r
Liabilities 负债 1 S6 l. m1 e. y7 U, H- M
Negative cash flow 负现金流量 6 q: _- p8 V d8 Y
Operating activities 经营活动
. m$ U1 O: U9 G8 p. HOwner's equity 所有者权益
/ Y/ O( Q9 d O4 I5 Z( T; EPartnership 合伙企业 . h& e! V. n \2 P% e
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
4 B& ?: y& P' U: n) a6 Z$ vRetained earning 留存利润
" l T/ }) ?) `, pRevenue 收入 7 \ x7 i) v/ m% N3 k, { e+ V! T
Sole proprietorship 独资企业
+ ~- @: |% O7 ~; @- zSolvency 清偿能力 7 v; F# c( a& r9 D% T, e2 U
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
7 O; ?9 u9 R( o* z0 z# mStockholders 股东
9 V! l8 F# O1 z7 i0 _0 u2 W) e/ U" @+ EStockholders' equity 股东权益 7 \1 X( B, `4 }+ w' ^: Q. Q
Window dressing 门面粉饰 2 i6 ^) E# @4 N) \& q- E- K
Account 帐户 0 p* L/ [( [/ j8 D' ?
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0 B8 x7 C+ n/ m! n主营业务收入 Sales
9 E+ D2 g9 N* s; J, X/ J$ n折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance # O& J# O; o! k4 O& B# y
. ~5 N7 y. x, W9 r4 |/ J3 [1 z% S产品销售收入净额 NET SALES , t9 W% \' C0 [" i0 _4 O2 G
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主营业务成本 Cost of sales
# Z8 b3 Y; |+ }/ x: t& D主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax
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主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT ! x! \, h% P' L, j8 m+ Z
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其他业务利润 Other operating profit D& D! i' ^4 I9 O: k+ F* f
- |' ~! h7 }7 v: D' y- T! M营业费用 Operating expenses 2 z7 M1 Y* X5 I: I1 J, ? q
管理费用 General and administrative expenses ' c# w, A! @$ B W5 A$ y6 v8 p$ z
财务费用 Financial expenses
2 g: O, e0 G: H1 H1 u6 k存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks 2 x- N' L8 k" ?' N# ?
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营业利润 OPERATING INCOME & F1 p( K5 S# Y V6 [2 G& ^6 m6 S
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投资收益 Investment income : @8 g- V3 ?, S" Q3 J
补贴收入 Subsidy income / H% T4 I* I! H& m# R
营业外收入 Non-operating income
' c. J1 q+ D U* u9 C- B& t营业外支出 Non-operating expenses / t* O' t- ^& A! t. ~: } G9 g2 K
以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment 7 ^, f6 X& ~+ |
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利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR 8 @5 e7 w9 I- F( `9 G" O
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所得税 Income tax & v, W! i; Y, P0 h
1 `5 n" V5 ?0 \$ _2 T本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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