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Canada's housing market both vigorous and stable ) R _$ R: E3 X# v- Q+ w5 M
7 N' A" R5 f1 @' C
- Country's market poised to show growth throughout 2006 -
* G: T6 E( n" {' \
' R& i/ l5 ~4 B0 G& |, R0 {9 d. @' V9 X TORONTO, Sept. 28 /CNW/ - For most of Canada, the housing market5 [5 @* v: `) z* H3 [
exhibited moderate price increases and stable unit sales during the third/ g+ V% v4 p8 C
quarter. Wide regional variances continued to be the dominant characteristic; z7 N {1 e! s$ b8 `0 F
in the market, exemplified by frenzied levels of activity and double digit
) O* l7 Z) b& a9 b! ~5 kprice gains observed in the energy and commodity rich Western provinces, and
- g9 l9 S$ l+ A& M+ vmore reasonable sales volumes and moderate price appreciation in Ontario,
% ~ O3 g L, ?; b2 RQuebec and Atlantic Canada, according to a report released today by Royal
: b8 p- h) z5 \; J* A; gLePage Real Estate Services.
9 U- t6 b9 m) D* s" J/ D1 x+ a3 i' `$ w+ i& i" w
Nationally, market trends established through the first three quarters
' O* x+ t2 {) b6 R0 ^are forecast to continue for the remainder of the year. Robust economic& L: e5 A" ~' r0 A
conditions, low unemployment rates, modestly growing salaries and wages, and) x3 a1 _ k& f3 b' X
sound consumer confidence contributed to the overall strength of the
) F1 p$ g/ ], _4 Qresidential real estate sector.+ H% X& w: I4 s2 a$ M
, O# b5 a3 V( ^5 U0 p Of the housing types surveyed, the highest average price appreciation% L- _, a1 v1 L' T; C1 I
occurred in detached bungalows, which rose to $300,365 (+16.3%)
2 d0 N& H7 a, K& yyear-over-year, followed by standard condominiums, which rose to $211,5626 n) y* T0 B1 p6 }7 [8 h: x
(+14.2%), and standard two-storey properties, which increased to $365,380" h. l# z8 y5 |
(+13.2%).
, [! p. R8 c/ ~: p! x. V: ? W$ z% ?
"Canada's sturdy housing market continued to demonstrate steady growth( y. F' N% I& f E5 N
during the third quarter. For all but the west, we have moved on from the
/ t1 v9 r% d) d6 _0 zfrenzied expansion that characterized the first half of this decade, and are- ~# D2 Y O; R
poised to show continued growth at a more moderate pace," said Phil Soper,
- e9 I6 S' y! fpresident and chief executive officer, Royal LePage Real Estate Services.
, J! {2 n' M" ^) u% h"Gone is the sellers' market that we have lived with for some years. We( S, \+ h: h; v$ i6 C2 R2 v
welcome the more reliable conditions that are characteristic of a healthy2 O4 Y1 C* A! f" ^5 l# f
balanced market."
& B' x# D( G% W5 c# I |9 R% M* T( J5 [* J( D9 {) ~
Despite the double-digit rise in average national house prices,+ `: e' h0 g% f
considerable regional variances were exhibited again this quarter. The shift+ b, g% l) y5 b" l
to balanced market conditions, which began in late 2005, has continued6 D; r6 b# C# v0 {' I
throughout most of the Central and Eastern regions of the country. In the core
% D- U1 \! j6 r" I7 cenergy producing western provinces, the combination of very high in-migration,
6 a* c1 s' M. v1 f7 I5 _manageable affordability, and a shortage of inventory has driven record
9 M" r$ Z* E# N; z, Y& x- {breaking price appreciations.7 K* q9 Q1 G& z, z
' W) S9 S3 n# S u
Echoing the second quarter and supported by Alberta's rapidly expanding
& J' {9 a' `: |7 @' N( qeconomy, Calgary and Edmonton led the charge of Canadian cities with the
! w- v) M# [( H+ E1 q7 E1 qlargest house price appreciation in all housing types surveyed.
" T, E' [$ }; ~% @7 N9 a! |2 v4 t9 g+ b$ }. u( M% G9 M( Y* y
In Ottawa and Toronto, growth remained steady, supported by solid, K7 X% O6 j9 {9 [+ A3 F O
economic fundamentals, an increase in available inventory and strong consumer
( B' @5 s, \( c' R( oconfidence. While the pace of price appreciation in Ontario leveled off' j" e0 x2 w- V* S. q% K9 {
slightly, the province's real estate market remains poised for modest growth.
0 ~+ C8 D: u% d% CIn Atlantic Canada, new housing and condominium construction offered buyers. n; I6 P% r8 @
greater selection at more competitive prices, resulting in a slower rate of
( U4 p/ d2 R6 Jprice appreciation when compared with 2005.
4 v& T, m. A4 l+ w7 j# [+ a) T0 {1 s6 {) f" W' W( f* b1 Z
While the pace of growth in Canada has slowed, the domestic housing2 Y+ [8 h6 B, H. S' I. u' p
market is expected to outperform the American market. The economic and
/ ]8 O) S% D. E6 [financial fundamentals driving the residential real estate sector in Canada
( ^1 Q% {1 }( ]/ Pare markedly different than those found in the United States.
5 O( I3 e: g: P8 o" _* x/ N0 o4 M! d; ?" X
Added Soper: "Canada's housing market is likely to outperform the
' J' r; ^7 x' p4 p1 \% v1 R0 nAmerican market through 2007. A number of factors are working in Canada's
% O4 Y- c# C; k' y: l1 Q7 Ofavour, including healthy personal and governmental debt levels, the
f- G( ?5 e6 d) V- irelatively modest rise in interest rates in our country, and general
# j1 }7 L- [. u3 B3 [affordability in our major cities. In addition, Americans are now seeing the) s) }" Q9 ~% p
downside of a tax system that encourages maximum homeowner leverage, and
3 ^+ X7 q+ g4 o" l9 A" qaggressive financial products such as zero- and negative-amortization0 m$ i5 O* P; J% Q d/ Q$ r C, O
mortgages that work only in a high price growth environment."
O# J3 b4 S" ^7 `7 ~! ~9 L+ H) b3 o& I
<<, ^8 U: i- s3 ^& s$ j$ d0 O
REGIONAL SUMMARIES
' ] T3 ~' t8 l) D! g! g$ c% x >>* n. f* l) M5 T7 f0 ]+ ^6 t1 o
) n7 m* X) E @3 b' h Balanced conditions continued to characterize the housing market in! O" N- w- m0 {( W+ p* f/ T H2 O2 i5 c
Halifax, as significantly higher inventory levels helped to moderate the rate9 }+ k$ v% {1 W1 |+ e5 r& ?
of price appreciation. Buyers were increasingly choosy, taking more time+ ?1 i; t6 U# V5 z% H5 H; j) e
looking for newer, low-maintenance properties that were not in need of* ]& \- e# q; D
renovations.
- H. y0 I$ ]! p- Y' p/ [; x4 t8 A9 {; c9 s" Z
The housing market in Moncton remained healthy and strong as a slight
; q: h2 p/ Z8 @* N, r4 p$ a' V, V: qincrease in inventory helped to moderate the rate of price appreciation7 e* f4 y3 V9 c1 G9 k' R
compared to the same period in 2005. Activity was brisk throughout August and
F5 g1 @! P" d1 i: \September and is expected to remain this way through the fourth quarter.
) X1 R* Y) @/ L; X: t: `+ B
7 M$ j/ l: T# ?0 y, ^, R The housing market in Saint John underwent its traditional summer
$ B4 ~3 w6 _/ m v: |) W9 [slowdown in the third quarter, with activity picking up towards the end of the, P+ m$ C0 C' Y3 i5 d: z3 w3 P
quarter. The local economy continued to thrive, as construction on a new( i5 F+ w/ g3 U0 [ V0 ^2 O1 Z
600,000 square-foot shopping area has begun, bringing several new box stores
$ p+ ~. d. ?1 \5 a& sto the area. Buyers have begun seeking less expensive fixtures for their homes
' I7 L# T& F; e4 d: dand are instead opting for more affordable housing options.( r6 w+ G6 A, ^- L5 U) N
u& ~6 j h& H! |5 x4 p7 ?, K
In Charlottetown, the housing market started to move towards balanced5 T" c7 R" Y0 r% t6 |8 A
conditions, as some sellers had to begin to lower the asking prices on their2 }& y5 P) O, j' H/ C9 Q
homes to make them more competitive. Activity from out-of-town and US buyers
3 P7 @; q0 y+ u# Pwas down slightly compared to 2005, likely attributable to the strong Canadian
7 u8 }0 y% T% [dollar. Inventory levels began to creep up in the third quarter, providing) ]- P) Y* J1 `4 L$ [) }
buyers with more options when looking for a home.8 O; b6 |% Z5 b3 t! T
7 ]5 N& t$ R8 x4 C Activity in St. John's slowed slightly in the third quarter, particularly- l7 V! y9 x; U d* Y& s9 ]
among higher-priced properties, where there was a slight over-supply of homes+ V7 `- Y; F$ w p0 `9 `0 E
priced over $200,000. Listing periods have increased when compared with 2005,3 i! Z& g/ _3 K) h' K2 ^$ Y; J
as some of the pent-up demand that had characterized the market over the last
$ Q. G% R6 o& r) \few years has been satisfied, resulting in more normal, balanced conditions.3 Q: J- s* |0 g6 C# J! U
6 {9 ~: F0 d% v
Montreal's housing market recorded modest increases in average house$ T6 v# C0 V1 Y8 A( _
prices, due to a slight seasonal slowdown in the third quarter as inventory
* Q+ Z/ K+ {5 ?* alevels rose. Part of this can be attributed to the fact that many renting! F. h4 M) m- q8 j
first-time buyers were motivated to close on the purchase of a home by July 1,1 \. _# B9 }' i4 S3 T! q
when rental leases expire in Quebec. Once this date has passed some of the' E- j* a5 V) h) W+ |
pressure is taken off the market, allowing buyers to visit more homes before6 f# W4 B& K% k3 P
making a purchase.4 Q% }$ {; b: d: o4 W/ _
j4 M) k8 H% ~9 | Ottawa held its position as one of the country's most stable housing
) a% Q, Q* ~9 c3 X% ]markets in the third quarter, reinforced by a vibrant local economy and strong9 @5 G0 c+ W9 M6 ?9 m) W1 [4 W; N
confidence, resulting in modest increases in average house prices. The city0 L# d7 Q2 ]* S# c, @$ `9 r
centre remained a bright spot in Ottawa, with homes in this area attracting
" i1 s0 P, Y; _+ \2 mattention due to their convenient location and proximity to downtown. _. w8 a/ d! G( S! f! r) z
amenities.
, ?6 y& c+ J+ k0 b8 l3 x7 k4 O! d( |: S/ O) O) i8 x: t& ~3 ~
The housing market in Toronto sustained healthy activity levels
0 N) s! I/ O4 A q% e. c4 @throughout the third quarter, as a strong economy helped to maintain demand4 h' d" M1 H; o
across the city, causing average house prices to rise moderately. Toronto has6 o) j2 ]5 a* b/ z {* z0 Z$ e
continued to experience modest growth in average house prices, and has been/ m: e/ |; w2 O! i3 z
driven primarily by purchasers who are buying homes as their principle
3 u; \7 b9 g9 ] s9 \- X0 r8 sresidence, rather than for investment.2 o% _. |5 t8 ~9 u+ l
" Z" u* M6 ~0 C4 L k' ? ]$ u$ h0 a! f The vibrant Winnipeg housing market continued to show its strength as
: E1 H( M8 o- b! B0 mhouse prices rose during the third quarter. The booming local economy resulted& j" ~3 @; R- Q: ?: s
in a historically low unemployment rate, helping to bolster consumer7 C7 |: L% W0 Y
confidence and Winnipeg's ranking as the city with the lowest capitalization
# a! o; a9 @* N; {+ i8 y' ^rate among the country's larger cities - helped to encourage buyers to enter
$ L2 a7 ]8 n5 |1 E( pthe market.
3 O4 R% ~( ?: Q: x
0 R8 W- ~* q. n- v. D. p8 {; x1 x In Regina, the market experienced a slight seasonal slowdown through: ?5 ]7 |1 H% s: D& Z1 A* o
July, as there were fewer purchasers in the market due to summer vacations. In# [% h% L+ G: ], N3 ]0 X: s4 [* F: n
August, activity resumed to the busy pace previously seen in the spring
. I$ a u6 L$ Y% [, e' F0 Cmonths, as the influx of purchasers made it more difficult to find a home due
# p4 y. L8 G* f: m# o1 gto the shortage of available inventory.. O+ I" p1 z. b S
- R4 a/ [, `! b: U Activity in Saskatoon remained brisk as the market maintained its( H3 p8 {0 Q( ?
momentum from the busy spring sales period. The economy in Saskatoon remains j( z0 `5 l) T7 a
vibrant, as employment opportunities are abundant with many businesses; P' b' B* P L' x3 L" z8 ]
struggling to make hires and having to recruit outside the province.
) k+ d/ |% c6 C4 U' ^; o) E
5 y0 h# B# Z" e2 i2 D: h$ D$ T Calgary's housing market recorded blazing average house price increases! `9 g. K+ f) S* A8 C) F
in the third quarter, in all surveyed categories. The burgeoning economy, low4 d+ V/ S2 [$ N5 _7 w; c
unemployment rates and low inventory levels remained the leading factors that. p9 T+ \- t8 J/ B# l. X
pressured Calgary's house prices upwards. However, regardless of the soaring
5 j. ?. [, c3 D+ I0 eprices that characterized the market - even during the typically slower summer
$ M( l `+ m3 L/ z" T" v. o3 W( Gseason - it is expected that activity will become slightly more balanced, as
; y0 {2 [( ]# s" X% u# ^$ S7 Fbuyers are becoming more reluctant to participate in the frenetic activity.
( Q; v! b! g9 C; O; U; z
$ H8 q* I8 {/ F+ y Edmonton's booming local economy continued to thrive in the third quarter
% k3 t1 J4 R7 \4 sas activity in the oil sands north of the city continued to flourish. Edmonton
7 a: }+ y; s# I. o+ ]% Hremained the hub of activity for those coming to work in the oil industry,& K' V$ F$ e. F+ \
maintaining tight inventory levels across the city, resulting in prices1 h+ O8 e# O- G3 \* R$ s
increasing at record levels. However, as inventory levels continued to improve. s) q0 W. v% P
in the third quarter the rate of price appreciation should moderate slightly' |/ R$ T8 \0 w: Z9 B' h
towards the end of 2006. + Q P6 g! {% v. s
# v- ^% Z/ O9 ^9 P8 `2 DWhile Vancouver has seen a slight reprieve from the severe shortage of& T# {' _% g; J6 A
inventory that had previously characterized the market, supply is still unable
% j: A9 M. H" M, y' n$ Y ]: f6 S' tto meet demand, driving house prices upwards. Vancouver has a very diverse
$ D% q! L" |" N) z( l: t& b6 z Z8 K* q1 @group of active buyers - from first-time home buyers to baby-boomers to
7 o$ d# W' h' M* G% M: Fforeign investors - all of whom fuel the demand for houses, placing added
2 ^" v: q3 W% E( v; Ppressure on tight inventory levels.
4 X W7 u D$ {/ u# [- c/ L- M' g% h% u% Q0 ]5 P; |3 Q
Victoria's market is vibrant and supported by strong economic
8 K6 o8 Q2 G4 Z( t8 A7 B2 Jfundamentals, fuelled by a booming tech sector and a migration of young people
z& Y4 o/ N7 _: g# R& K0 P3 ~into the city that has continued to support the area's house price increases;
& ?" B" @6 G& g0 m5 @while increased inventory levels have afforded buyers more time when searching2 P( v" r; X. e4 t# x( _
for a home, helping to normalize the market's pace.
) R1 V8 C Y/ ~0 x
' _! R8 s) W# f. m6 t2 H( T1 G' G <<
z) E1 d: f6 n* X Survey of Canadian Average House Prices in the Third Quarter 2006
) s, k' F. x8 a1 k. J: x2 g
) A, S0 N/ O! B- I, y -------------------------------------------------------------------------2 s2 [& F0 [: t( k2 c0 B
Detached Bungalows Standard Two Storey
, G- D; _! I$ t- b8 X$ J% G( P -------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Q3 E1 z! k% r; B' b 2006 Q3 2005 Q3 Bungalow 2006 Q3 2005 Q3 R, t$ D$ N0 W, _
Market Average Average % Change Average Average" Z5 |' ~5 A1 ^. F
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 {' T, q0 K- Z Halifax 186,333 173,333 7.5% 198,667 199,000
& P: t: s; K& H -------------------------------------------------------------------------% c3 x. s" b/ C0 k' O
Charlottetown 145,000 141,000 2.8% 175,000 170,000
, B0 M5 _1 N; l! s -------------------------------------------------------------------------6 d$ J( Z% T7 k& h, I" l+ G! P
Moncton 135,000 127,000 6.3% 129,000 123,000
- B0 ?6 ?( d q C h2 c# y9 G1 s -------------------------------------------------------------------------/ `9 }) L( p! N- `( l
Saint John 141,200 142,900 -1.2% - -- V) p8 V' ?* y7 S9 z8 ]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
! L9 \& Q" T4 H2 e2 P5 o St. John's 143,667 142,667 0.7% 200,667 202,333& {3 D( r* z. X' C' j+ z m
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
; h! B7 F# k2 ~; z9 A9 K7 H Atlantic 150,240 145,380 3.3% 175,833 173,583( s& w* S, F0 a( M5 s" d
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 d3 Y7 R) x( |0 {2 w Montreal 213,691 203,500 5.0% 321,141 316,185
7 `) Z0 M5 s0 w: r -------------------------------------------------------------------------
& H0 g7 k& H3 q9 t( {7 k Ottawa 290,083 278,417 4.2% 285,667 273,250
O5 i" W }* M- H -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 \; J0 o! ^2 b. F2 J7 O% h# l
Toronto 373,368 355,882 4.9% 481,523 474,766
6 p) u$ P1 u6 D. W$ g8 a -------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 h! w8 ^% U9 S* K Winnipeg 181,579 159,860 13.6% 202,337 180,707
* d0 p0 z) f; ~8 \ -------------------------------------------------------------------------" _3 Y9 c7 g& H6 ]7 i5 G- W
Saskatchewan 170,667 156,083 9.3% 182,600 166,500
& `+ p$ T5 B* e L -------------------------------------------------------------------------0 I% Y4 @+ O' J2 T3 W) C
Calgary 395,067 252,411 56.5% 405,778 264,389
4 Q7 c0 E, S5 I5 f% m) C' H -------------------------------------------------------------------------; [/ \, m0 L& v) V% {
Edmonton 286,857 194,857 47.2% 316,429 206,714 e0 c( m2 q# N+ y& k1 \; d8 h! w2 k
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- u7 q* L3 w, d1 F6 `' y5 p
Vancouver 704,250 601,000 17.2% 794,000 697,500
0 n4 H7 ]/ `2 y8 Y* E; { -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# H) R5 u1 x2 m/ u, a Victoria 375,000 348,000 7.8% 403,000 391,000
2 a# z, k; R5 z5 g* W% w8 a- \ -------------------------------------------------------------------------2 |0 `; ~: B0 {4 b
National 300,365 258,202 16.3% 365,380 322,860+ D6 w$ n! w; a6 x2 s9 h9 ?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* `7 m& d4 U+ r8 w9 A I: q5 p8 Q0 `9 M* x# v$ |0 _3 E
-------------------------------------------------------------
. @9 @' t. E) m" E Standard Condominium' [) G4 P. ?1 `' e, _, f
-------------------------------------------------------------
- w, c$ S. w _ r2 ?2 W 2-Storey 2006 Q3 2005 Q3 Condo) d" f. M8 t! N/ u* K0 I8 [
Market % Change Average Average % Change
7 V( H/ O! o2 {( C v y -------------------------------------------------------------8 ]" d6 R! k+ R5 l
Halifax -0.2% 142,000 103,000 37.9%
8 h$ l" [# w: a+ I/ A -------------------------------------------------------------
Q2 h' l+ b: J( A) ^ Charlottetown 2.9% 98,000 98,000 0.0%6 i' r' W6 F' I- C$ `
-------------------------------------------------------------
1 L0 \$ d( G- u+ H Moncton 4.9% - - N/A4 v; i8 k! l1 g+ ?8 s0 L& e. d L
-------------------------------------------------------------, O" R" h5 c9 i% ]
Saint John N/A - - N/A( [3 H# e; S% D% l/ l1 B) a
-------------------------------------------------------------
5 c9 z. i" }. }* x, m3 d5 H7 ? St. John's -0.8% 146,333 145,667 0.5%
' z) W' I8 ^" D -------------------------------------------------------------
" O! @# @6 s3 f. u5 z9 ` Atlantic 1.3% 128,778 115,556 11.4%: e4 }4 @6 C3 | ^) a* L5 o
-------------------------------------------------------------% i, G) R! v; v- `/ S
Montreal 1.6% 193,190 188,016 2.8%% }4 X% @) _6 p/ m9 ^6 Z1 t# X3 f
-------------------------------------------------------------
2 L' \. v; J0 H/ a Ottawa 4.5% 181,083 172,250 5.1%
8 X& c- s- N9 q7 g -------------------------------------------------------------) k5 ?7 B' J/ G
Toronto 1.4% 252,088 242,918 3.8%* j9 n! X2 f$ o! @
-------------------------------------------------------------( I) }" U2 a. D; S! a- B% Z
Winnipeg 12.0% 105,648 96,008 10.0%
4 V3 v( _& _/ Z' l( Q% H" s) E -------------------------------------------------------------* Z4 @+ r- O4 Z: R+ ]# w
Saskatchewan 9.7% 106,250 101,000 5.2%- ?! Z/ d+ o6 Q6 m
-------------------------------------------------------------1 m+ i( ]7 u! t" `, D
Calgary 53.5% 245,844 153,867 59.8%" p+ A' V! |5 C e# ~# o* V( l/ }4 ]
-------------------------------------------------------------
3 N$ a" e5 |9 u( Q Edmonton 53.1% 200,433 131,500 52.4%7 N4 \" ^# z6 o! p: i( Q
-------------------------------------------------------------" o+ N/ C. }1 Z! q6 U' N" D# H
Vancouver 13.8% 366,250 323,250 13.3%
0 K1 D* L" K' _& T) Y/ E" z/ j -------------------------------------------------------------1 ` s7 o( I/ i* x" B) x6 Y
Victoria 3.1% 229,000 220,000 4.1%9 T9 N% o+ k' }5 @" ?9 q1 _
-------------------------------------------------------------+ m+ G6 i; S- s) V- ], Q( ~
National 13.2% 211,562 185,296 14.2%
8 c/ Z& ?* [& N7 r- Y -------------------------------------------------------------
' H S. h: ~! B2 o% n& E7 u$ Z >>& A' z5 r! l# S7 e7 @, E
/ D1 i$ v9 W" c7 C4 Z) i" w Average house prices are based on an average of all sub-markets examined1 O+ T0 v+ @) B1 B( u
in the area, except for the smaller markets of Charlottetown, Moncton, Saint
4 X, G: w& U3 M: E, ?; RJohn and Victoria., O7 H( L* O% U4 F) e2 |( D
* ^5 X. _+ r) q# H, c8 A4 _6 B
The Royal LePage Survey of Canadian House Prices is the largest, most7 ~2 G: b' n2 d: e( E; n
comprehensive study of its kind in Canada, with information on seven types of
( T5 B: M% x0 m, g: }( F& Mhousing in over 250 neighbourhoods from coast to coast. This release
) \+ {6 C2 t$ E, w4 qreferences an abbreviated version of the survey, which highlights house price
& H y1 |2 J* Z% W' Y$ A. Jtrends for the three most common types of housing in Canada in 80 communities" D8 p4 r8 P+ T! }
across the country. A complete database of past and present surveys is+ ^% c' e; Y, \
available on the Royal LePage Web site at www.royallepage.ca, and current
- q( R) ]0 F+ H% b; \: [figures will be updated following the end of the third quarter. A printable, u3 r. t$ r: }- D! N, `
version of the third quarter 2006 survey will be available online on( l8 t; v5 j. \' W. w; Y
November 15, 2006., v+ A* `" a! l
Housing values in the Royal LePage Survey are Royal LePage opinions of1 D9 ?1 J; t6 f2 y% @5 X* A a7 J
fair market value in each location, based on local data and market knowledge4 D1 e( M" C4 W3 Q3 z' ]
provided by Royal LePage residential real estate experts. Historical data is
, U" E: J) P6 S; e; p# Javailable for some areas back to the early 1970s. |
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发表于 2006-9-29 08:09
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