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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 : x6 d5 F' m5 T
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1 Y+ o+ R; t# C% ?+ {3 \Can you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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) ~( Z2 N6 g. J% }1 JBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.* R I2 x& O9 B! e
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.8 ^3 G' q, p6 C6 N4 B1 B0 x/ f1 q1 @
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.) u+ z! [ n9 Q3 ]; t
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
5 |2 {9 E; a3 LThe first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.* x2 G! ~6 a+ V% z
The country codes used are :( {2 x/ L1 M, L2 N
, Q# q; R5 ]7 l9 w# ~CODE \COUNTRY! s u" V5 v1 l
00-13 USA & Canada* Z+ S8 Z2 T$ W/ E1 R
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
* K4 W( |$ Q: z V* [( H( {: v30-37 France
/ z7 \- B" |+ J0 {380 Bulgaria
1 b, h8 j+ r( t383 Slovenia* f, ?. [8 C6 K
385 Croatia% a: _& S0 j' w& [
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
: }6 J1 x" x* {2 C( Q* N. u400-440 Germany4 n9 g o X" T L& M
45 Japan
) u; o# ^$ R3 B; v2 o* R D46 Russian Federation
* x% {+ J" f, W- |471 Taiwan! Y i1 k5 u/ H! p! z, X5 P
474 Estonia
4 q( h& `4 z0 O5 u1 B G475 Latvia
& \& k. W! S# \+ R476 Azerbaijan# m, Q" h3 R. k; \. a
477 Lithuania( e3 d# m6 w0 w
478 Uzbekistan
6 _- r* W8 n, V2 }" q h9 S479 Sri Lanka" J9 j, S6 a$ L, H% f7 C
480 Philippines7 o: }: _$ z+ t4 q+ P' a; r# o: G
481 Belarus
6 W+ Z% X A: \9 b" S Y9 _% g482 Ukraine2 @5 c( A, s9 h) Z9 U- N& D+ h0 y* N
484 Moldova* F# `! u, T& S) f
485 Armenia! w* \- w/ U: } v+ [
486 Georgia
: P, C3 V. F2 T! r* D487 Kazakhstan
* y) ?% S: J9 l489 Hong Kong. ]/ a0 H3 }+ t# m; q
49 Japan
8 z) _# ~! B9 A; O50 UK" {, l6 W9 V8 { \
520 Greece( P! X/ O& y( f# S; v) X
528 Lebanon
( a& k y, P; X6 O" P4 ^529 Cyprus1 J2 R8 z) c! Q
531 Macedonia( m7 G5 r0 Z v' a( W/ }6 v8 d2 x, _
535 Malta! G2 F3 [$ o6 Q6 b# r
539 Ireland. K" b" g+ o% Q7 P; V. A) L
54 Belgium & Luxembourg
: C7 p8 \0 v, s, v; G9 x- q0 ~& k0 H* f560 Portugal
3 t* W5 Z5 v, l0 O6 B- s N- A569 Iceland
' @4 p" f5 b3 T1 _ h9 l8 Q57 Denmark2 o9 f2 c n. f4 U& F
590 Poland/ T8 a+ u: Y2 g& z$ [
594 Romania
& v E2 W( f" \: {4 o599 Hungary" b' q8 ~, R7 d9 Q0 S
600-601 South Africa/ g: H; f$ y' Q6 K, _* Y
609 Mauritius; X: _7 {- t" e& `
611 Morocco
* E+ ^# p5 L- D$ a: e613 Algeria. `6 N) v; M1 @0 e8 |; A+ p
619 Tunisia: U, F0 B& G9 {; a3 e! `8 A3 u5 Z
621 Syria
( i+ L F1 o: j622 Egypt9 d7 i& f, d. A, i+ X! d
624 Libya
8 @) R/ Y5 d# w9 n$ a# L ?- D625 Jordan
& J2 S9 X3 q0 D$ t* R: A& V626 Iran3 d w7 `: X* p; R5 S
627 Kuwait
! s% T' c* p0 ^* R" j0 B; J( Y4 K628 Saudi Arabia) n) y3 D( X0 k* z
629 United Arab Emirates5 M9 x8 c2 G4 l, }9 l
64 Finland, `7 i+ X8 Q& C1 P& T* \6 u/ ^
690-692 China) y6 H- ^* N0 ~# ?. Q7 s( q
70 Norway
" [4 g/ c6 l$ q1 |729 Israel
+ [. K4 X5 t; G N) E73 Sweden, A$ P8 l) Q2 r2 h
740 Guatemala
# e- l: v& K: l) C- O; \741 El Salvador
8 K3 p& p1 j5 H, h742 Honduras5 b5 p: J" X# t" t* x! i. o2 [
743 Nicaragua
3 S0 Z, t, ]; [4 V- ]8 Y- B" ], E744 Costa Rica! V7 V9 Q- q: K- W: L; ?
745 Panama
* i9 p8 J9 U: y. f746 Dominican Republic
/ N, r: u/ j* e& O750 Mexico' W/ y( F/ L2 q h( u0 l
759 Venezuela! ~5 o& ^- e) U6 I& I; R
76 Switzerland' _( D- U) h5 o* r
770 Colombia
8 I2 X4 [) C, u! R* G; b# j9 D773 Uruguay$ S+ j3 y' z+ i' ^& ^: G' H! o6 A+ L% }
775 Peru
) o p9 `* s0 P, @& v4 P777 Bolivia
; h6 m( E4 y `( y779 Argentina$ A, z" E. }. ]4 v3 q, b
780 Chile1 _+ B5 P n/ O* d$ J! r* `
784 Paraguay
/ C# [# K/ j( H0 o785 Peru2 u! h$ B0 i# n. @2 y' C3 m
786 Ecuador
0 @% _* ~" b0 r2 W789 Brazil
9 s9 Q, P0 y% R8 I1 x80-83 Italy$ c1 i# h- }) h
84 Spain' ~3 u4 o2 C3 N
850 Cuba& s, V5 [6 b9 u- E
858 Slovakia
& e( O$ E7 u' u" W859 Czech Republic: a9 t4 w. j. S
860 Serbia & Montenegro) U, l$ L6 R! V' W
869 Turkey
( z5 ]; I; Y m87 Netherlands. }& T" E1 _ `% U1 k
880 South Korea+ n6 t2 V) G" |1 }
885 Thailand9 R- o! ]! K! n+ ]
888 Singapore
% |/ u# } H8 e, H7 e890 India; b: n% M$ i; Y5 U! f4 A1 [
893 Vietnam1 u- F V( B0 p: E
899 Indonesia, L T2 w. m3 ^2 m
90 -91 Austria# p; S' }8 K r9 Y
93 Australia
5 Q/ Q) b7 o/ B. @3 y$ R94 New Zealand
, l$ F2 g/ M8 \- w" _955 Malaysia, @7 U# |( X$ q
958 Macau
' F* V2 H2 L3 x/ C: a( u977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
/ N6 f, b# v- @# b# f978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)& m& X. h0 N; ` v# _& P/ X! Y
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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