 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
# |4 z0 j6 {- ]; Y9 ~ m& V Z3 B7 u! H: ~% ^
一、厕所 4 U" H, z( z7 [ G- G! w
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。 + ]! p' l* T9 O+ Z' p2 u
" n- V$ z9 h4 H7 i
二、解小便 ' D0 y: w4 N7 {( E7 o, s, I' M
最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:
, a9 M- Z; I4 k Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
4 k7 g k( H7 \! N2 \
$ k, \, d* T4 p& U( b 医生或许也会问:
; R" b& S# ~" H, K Do you have trouble urinating? ! T, G5 g" ^! {5 Q( @
=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) 5 q6 p: @3 [+ Z1 Q6 {& d" L
9 J# S" I) Z5 ]" @* ^
此外,还有其他的说法:
) V/ D d$ Q' Q) |' e to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
- k Y% x1 q' ^* D6 I0 q8 w/ y * I need to piss = I have to take a leak.
& y" ^% N8 }/ n: H) v1 \ * How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) . W3 x" r5 d; Q+ u8 {
8 ^% M# {/ W4 |) {
此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: & t- E& O/ J, [9 l, }0 B3 b" V2 `- Y
* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
- T6 n' Z- H: N# t; Y8 F& n# e# L 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 ! K8 R! v( s; ]/ |. ~1 q9 H$ C
. j8 i5 E# ^! P; O9 o
* He went to the john a few minutes ago.
& S' H$ y- S# i g 他在几分钟前上了厕所。
4 g8 a C6 @" n+ S2 z0 y
/ x8 ~, m) r/ o6 L3 N, o9 O * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours. - \- F- @3 P1 T @
劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。
% V' u" w+ t/ z% B& r* F+ q/ x& C. S/ {; v" a; h
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: ; j3 ]0 D0 N; t
* The boy needs to pee. 7 D0 E, l" B+ S7 o3 E2 k) E! V7 J2 I! Y0 ]
V; \" I' P3 f3 V( V M# R 然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: , P9 X' }* y1 A. |( o( W7 }
* Do I need a urine test? " L4 R6 G0 l* V: [5 t
2 |# F! B$ R& u/ f: Y) [% ~ A
注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: : }7 n+ R* F2 @/ p' x1 [1 w
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
% V, }; R% R8 t# N * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) 2 }2 w5 N. h: i% j. N, o
! t: k3 N6 j5 j
如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
, B' c& |6 N. k7 h) N( ` * My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) ( U6 j: i7 p+ A* V8 I" a9 \
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
7 V" ?9 k: I8 a+ ` * I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
) I! _3 g0 l; m3 P * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
5 O+ p: { z/ U7 u1 A- z# `$ d6 G/ W; F
三、解大便
, K4 h) G" f" H: G1 I 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: 5 Y2 \$ h$ r5 k* }5 |
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces) # q# B/ ~. w( K8 m5 a( f \% d. {
=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
. i) G9 s) u( ^- N7 w6 b * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) ! j; e" P |) ?% V/ A7 h
+ n, i6 v0 I( ]" F
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
S/ b; z# B4 c$ `) s- G. j * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
1 m7 X+ A! E1 d% `1 K }& x" k
# K2 T+ s$ O( I P2 S# o 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: / ?( t- X. J0 O o G0 G
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) ) }6 O" i5 J% o
8 k5 g6 O! `% n" r) A 四、放屁 9 Z5 C( c: o2 L* e+ p
在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: . Y" ^, r/ p# S6 A8 o- _/ n+ v
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? % I- U/ Z0 p, o! f+ R6 ~; `
你放屁的次数很多吗? ; Q1 H" V; ~( [+ b4 j+ L+ }. z
* Is the gas expelled by belching?
m, Z4 E! x% }/ e* e 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch)
5 Y! Q# L7 Z( d% {, w/ C * He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
! S( Q& a. J; k 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 6 P: D) A/ Q9 ?6 f
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
1 G$ s4 `* r; k# Q- m' U9 A 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。
# e& Z. G: B$ d1 K6 P& D * Be careful not to fart in the public.
# A* t1 J* I6 v/ r4 f5 a 注意在公共场所不可放屁。
% g8 ~+ ?0 I- l6 c3 z* C
- b8 O$ W+ R2 N8 e2 s1 o2 X* A 至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
7 a. ^. L# K% B+ u * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) 5 b3 g5 @, f' ]3 W5 z
= I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
, M4 p! k. e! o# h/ A2 ?, v7 T 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) 4 y# H6 H6 d& G8 I l8 K+ z, |7 ~
0 J& T @9 u3 a9 d# s% B * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.
8 G, ^: p" Y( F5 ]; _) _ 胃不舒服有两星期了。)
& X2 X# q8 ]- @+ ] * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity) + v: i+ C" T' s5 O0 C, }" \9 ]8 r5 v
他经常便秘。) 或
8 K# B* {; b3 i. s# @! A * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
/ F. X/ A7 _8 F' J6 d# S2 {8 L * He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 ; ?, C) Q- t+ Z }9 s) p; m
* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
0 g) R: I- l1 v& O* F9 I
( G& k0 C$ @; R. @2 {% f7 u6 x * He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
. W' G ~! a* S, ^! y' ^5 O 他拉了一阵肚子。
) U* y; R; [% Z; v8 E8 G; M * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)
9 s1 ?0 E: N+ @" w, S 大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|