 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
$ N: L* P, H6 k/ k0 M8 V- W4 ^9 _" j0 ~
一、厕所
% u9 I* m* o9 W' G 在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。 G, t* ?: z S4 K( [) `8 |! K
; B. u5 t) c3 _8 I: ~0 j2 {
二、解小便 4 i3 V) @+ c# r3 [) t" d
最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:
/ B+ B9 Q' y( ] Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
/ I. {8 d) x! b" ?/ J
' V, {6 r! v6 p8 W/ j 医生或许也会问: ( ^" C/ `" p3 r g8 G5 E6 d
Do you have trouble urinating? 0 d* v' z, X. S& v1 f% u& a. o
=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)
9 E* g; W/ F$ n8 b7 P2 U- X+ B" a* b+ t: F+ O" z6 J& O
此外,还有其他的说法: 5 b) N( w9 N# k, A5 X: q" `6 i) }
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
X4 [/ G/ H/ ~: p: N * I need to piss = I have to take a leak. % |7 P: H9 t; w1 g% `0 S" I
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) 6 `8 W1 n _2 T$ T
3 O: r7 y8 q7 D( C. y" L 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: $ v8 f) ?: O2 K; _$ c @+ P
* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site. + N3 m7 N, ]9 k0 L
在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。
& Y1 `3 a& g3 [3 N/ b
- c( Y2 r! ?: R! Q$ S6 ?/ q3 h, _ * He went to the john a few minutes ago.
8 @1 X" [2 G% u: o' p* K 他在几分钟前上了厕所。 $ N1 H$ T. U* y3 |1 S* ^ J) Z4 ]
o) t4 @5 r0 k; | * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours. 1 `; Y* ~2 c% G
劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。
% M6 x S) f! M/ `# c; v, M% i$ K8 [! v9 I. p
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: % S d5 W! m2 M$ [# g4 w6 d
* The boy needs to pee.
6 w/ S6 G- U, x( o6 f4 D, [4 v8 g9 Z2 Z) F# G0 c
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如:
5 I* V: u. k+ ?9 H$ d1 ^! [/ N * Do I need a urine test?
/ W! `" D& u7 x4 U: S& {! ^6 C8 y8 I- G6 C0 |9 X
注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: 5 [2 c: S9 O' i. e6 a7 z9 f7 y% u
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
6 o7 ?( Z9 V0 ^# ] F7 k5 a * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) 5 A/ [ S6 R4 i% e0 l" U S
" t6 g! f) E4 w3 I3 i# G 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: 7 ^8 Z; }. q- L
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
; r9 o; c+ A& B9 j) j * I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) - K1 R7 f. K8 C/ X/ R) M5 R2 t
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) # w7 v7 Q+ X2 Y# p$ v
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少) 6 u1 }5 \4 _ g2 `: G0 t" ?& }0 P
0 A/ E) l" x0 f: R( a
三、解大便
. C3 g0 O9 T' A9 m# u6 Y7 ` 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法:
3 n$ G1 l4 g) M* k0 f$ t& U to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces) ) i% x7 ]0 f) U+ K/ y4 ^# ^
=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: & D+ M* w+ Q- g0 ~9 s! V+ k' Q! a' h
* The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) . s2 }' i4 r/ {5 [: F
3 @& X2 o, `8 \' o+ o" s' d B
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如: , g7 N p5 F; a
* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) + k$ t% e6 g. _; [6 d( {
# a u3 Q) L. w3 j" G N
但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: J1 ~6 @( ?5 {9 z N! x. E; ?
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)
! @! s' G, X2 b7 x! p O7 U1 O8 w9 F5 E+ ]; E
四、放屁 6 @9 P; z6 a+ x. R9 w
在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: I" w3 J3 I: g. X
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? ! v2 O, \0 h( u9 \& y, {% H* K- ~
你放屁的次数很多吗?
- ^! f+ a N+ Q7 ~9 Y * Is the gas expelled by belching?
- D+ I3 o5 {. z: b 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch)
g' b( B: [1 m) b! ] * He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
1 G* h2 `4 u/ a4 }( G 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 % I; L$ X7 J7 v
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days. 0 [- ~* j1 Y/ a$ d1 _
过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 9 _# l! y( D# V- T0 i
* Be careful not to fart in the public.
3 C( |' f+ q6 n' C* b% q: z7 b 注意在公共场所不可放屁。
6 L: Q( v* X* e6 H/ k6 e) Y0 A+ s" n# g+ Y: u4 p
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如: 7 X! d# V, F) Z5 ?' @. I4 ^9 r
* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良)
% j- L- w% F* T; _! P( S = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. * }' Z3 l# u" L+ Z, D
注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
7 e7 [( j2 q% b, \ q3 W# A: d
* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.
1 A7 m8 |! n0 i( M9 a2 t# {4 r 胃不舒服有两星期了。)
: t& `) @5 V6 d; a+ A * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
( x: y6 @: j5 j" l# @. n% D: y, l" Q. h- ] 他经常便秘。) 或 : {. g, {5 P# j2 V5 P
* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 * x- [) C% r( p4 d0 H0 F+ l3 @0 j
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
8 B o* L/ g, { * He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
' o3 F# t8 e7 @: v$ ]9 H3 S+ u4 h
+ s6 G! M% R3 ]7 a& D' X4 _ * He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea. l+ h/ }: T/ r" Q3 F
他拉了一阵肚子。 8 `3 @7 R) `) r$ p! D
* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) 3 G% P( \) f$ c$ U9 [/ W. D- }
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|