 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The, a5 A ]( U" U2 @; g
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 @& ?) O: o% F! F$ _& ~
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
' ?4 p9 h& w& f. Land uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
$ N S' b5 A+ V0 H7 a(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of4 J' T. g. i/ c6 W: g
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).5 I+ r9 \0 O2 ]' w, ]$ c
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=# _2 J4 t; @% D' B6 r2 d2 X3 l
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
4 G2 h9 a$ `* c n2 u(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving5 [. G: U9 N7 \1 K
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 O. H6 [! E$ } [% }8 \
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
# d! V5 g0 g" ~* |+ h(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
2 z) T! I" T9 Y1 d$ n+ q I4 t" S1 Lsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
) |2 R' \( ~& v5 C# psemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.$ D J+ d/ Z$ o3 Q e2 `
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In9 d2 l; ~! F. U$ p k) g) K
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
, d$ y5 R5 @9 p2 I5 z6 g# T& ]: ~the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 A% h8 ~9 _) V: m& a* Q
$ P" E* G9 \0 u3 x2 |7 x3 i(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
# \& c1 G5 |, Z/ d- w/ O$ s* gand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
