 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The* H# A: J) m" a% w" ~- O
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the5 ~7 D" ~' e! R0 i$ H; A8 l
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 L) U Y0 e7 Q1 T. u% ~$ ~and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
9 B, @! @) i h1 P. D2 s5 j(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
/ t g0 x9 X( fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).) I/ q7 c6 i# Z2 I+ T$ L% ^3 S9 t
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=' ~: E# Z+ _' o+ O
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]3 P% @! t, k: H" u. x( `
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving0 A J/ H% S+ y+ ~3 u
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on) Q( r3 Q' E$ c
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
, D2 P# T( W. E3 P( g \(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! d ?$ n8 T" L8 nsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a9 ?5 J3 s9 H" C3 I2 q
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e." l1 ]6 O' J& |' c( ^* T
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In" d5 j: C- m* V! T5 E
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 V F2 T9 O* b# Q8 M
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..6 M$ y$ ~( f2 O2 M
o8 x1 F" n. I2 F/ L) V" ?
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
% ~6 {4 Y, j( J9 g8 e. ]and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
