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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 / r. L9 H- ?$ C( H3 N6 v" t! l$ O: L
& Q% R& a4 ~0 V! ~7 d' ehttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688' ]" I& r: T4 e! q. i& W
! M; Q, g, M8 O. m. _# x; uJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China$ [) ~( i8 z6 b8 o7 _7 B/ }0 @
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of) j8 `3 Q$ }' p6 r1 f% W* J
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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# X2 f* c c5 v0 d# GLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
' v+ p4 c4 ^2 p0 F0 s9 g( }' r5 b& [Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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1 v2 w# |' j7 n; n, G1 v. T/ T: FSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .3 t( h0 @& d- J7 k% |3 N
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018# S ?, w M$ Z8 w* v, W& n
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
/ \; E; V" R! v4 p6 zJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing, t9 |7 ~% Z7 O5 b# G4 z
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
9 y1 {1 L$ ^) ~+ z( qTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
$ |0 x+ }$ ~& Wengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
$ r6 i3 u, M; l U1 Q+ Gonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific! Q4 n0 |, H3 ]) c1 Z
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
* q+ Z* u4 ~' c, n( K" ~to the standardization of the scientific terminology1 C5 n) T g( X: k
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s! G% L" h/ r* A6 O
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
1 {6 c& e5 L9 b$ ^# }9 Band then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
3 j* Z- Q. B9 t( t6 \' E, ]standardization of the scientific terminology translation6 ~9 d" A6 j% h3 Z R4 k
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien% d# E: {1 v/ ? Z
he established had helped greatly with the popularization6 o) K5 a2 x) f% [
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
* @& w1 L [7 J$ q3 @the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
8 i/ p2 W5 n' afor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
- v6 i+ U8 e4 O+ ^- R8 M! P9 ethat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a' C& w& p q/ J( n6 i! `
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific1 T1 p# _4 e, {/ F8 ]
terminology.
+ L! \- V9 j+ r- y( _+ Z* xKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;, m h y5 `; h4 ~. ^. }6 {
Standardization of terminology translation4 d3 f6 n- I3 v- E/ Y1 q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to7 r8 v* E* V" Y: c4 Z' |* j$ n
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern* |! N4 L. r0 | M3 E
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
) `: A* F* X2 S4 n1 C# B7 Gfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213! w; G3 a6 d" O8 k/ d' Y( V2 p) g
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
* Y. s0 \, t2 s# e4 Z/ [John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and& Z7 t, T* {8 n) t
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
) Z0 @( \$ N2 b$ G$ iDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to* s7 F: R+ B# q. v$ w/ s+ e
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of2 ~# v' i1 {$ o; w
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
. ^0 g% h8 F- h0 d8 cby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
@3 N' u) y5 Y" can editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on* h% W( P4 i* }- G$ u
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
6 Q) \# g! H! {# {! n q+ f- E" X% p1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
4 r, X$ p4 O( tworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,+ E3 i. o6 _% H% o/ {6 {! U( t+ u
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction., j+ v @: J x/ l: D
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated8 o* j) H3 h+ {8 i, M! I" y
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant6 M" c3 P6 ?$ r8 P) P% P
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,' k% M+ f; W- B) Z# `+ `; l5 G7 ]% X
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,/ O! p. l9 F" ^! B) e* S& | ?# E7 O
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
! x8 s# K; w7 F" P& _% h5 Vbooks that made him the most productive one among the
( c' i7 t$ K0 Q, Xforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,2 E1 `! J% ^- D6 J/ ?: |5 q, q& t
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
8 s3 [/ r& j" C4 K, u% Ynoble work which could help accelerate the process of7 |, Z5 _# N" N3 H/ [ v
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).) z5 t+ r- E7 B5 v8 d
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
/ j, E) ~; C9 ]3 K L- F. dalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
8 r! @; K. y3 E$ S+ O5 ~8 o3 uscience and the standardization of translated scientific
' K. _1 f8 }6 E, `6 x. z9 S- d+ Nterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
% L) H! {. H& ` V. ^/ _3 fmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
* Y" G) j3 V& N) aestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another) @) v x a, _* J6 h$ |! H$ E
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
; e$ T. ~" E; s7 g# vof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
$ S" t7 O1 [' eModern China.. c. _, f0 E. h% @1 m. {3 P
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
! {* e4 d. S' L9 UThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of* ^/ ^6 Y$ m! W; q2 M
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing0 ~. Q- o; b; W1 C u/ C' o
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
" C# l* O: c \! R3 jJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and; Z k* Z* w R+ ~0 w
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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