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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 4 J; P: V& ^' L. j- M+ N( ?" j
% k+ a* `/ D, B. Shttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106881 p2 m' c/ _+ n8 f7 J& s1 t% F
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
. Y: J! r' O5 P. z( vYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of9 e/ Z7 c2 i" e, U' o
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
9 C5 B& N" R5 y+ m6 W7 `) Q0 x5 i9 ?/ V& i0 o- v! s) T D
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
/ S* {( j3 A0 {" x5 w. ], uFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.3 K' `3 w9 Q9 r9 J7 T
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .( Z: `4 d2 h6 r( B: i! y5 T1 x
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
, l1 h& I" E) v( _; `% S) @Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
* D) E! c: M& K9 \* }John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% }9 E6 j5 {3 k/ u& _1 O( g M1 z. Z
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The e# I3 Y5 ~" p) T& B5 T! t* [
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been1 h. z0 |/ o! n
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not9 N# I" ]. X F( m, d/ n _& j
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific r0 _- l- L3 W, q
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly3 c4 S P7 S; Z+ Y
to the standardization of the scientific terminology2 X& O# u9 Q4 G$ G6 ~5 u
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s4 i. O. d0 f! }
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,( J j4 G' u( [
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the& f V+ q, N7 Y, H5 u
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
+ n- x2 P, z6 c! f# iin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
; v& a4 {' U/ B: Y' f" Che established had helped greatly with the popularization
. w% J0 \8 u. h: {* o* Q" Lof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
I, E g! _( o8 W& O2 Hthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way: y1 K6 f7 g, S/ O+ x
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and! C( A* h; P+ v3 k3 r1 u& I
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
7 t. O0 R8 t9 a) j U9 o/ Igreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
- H- E# J' I- \; T7 \ bterminology.
7 A+ |7 |9 u: c2 VKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
1 \' y+ b8 [% J9 a9 b, @Standardization of terminology translation4 Z; K6 J* i3 [2 c9 b
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
$ {* u; ^8 U- H5 yStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
3 t' P8 @- a- ]China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
' S& r$ x' P+ r% r( U. W! Nfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
) y- V3 ^1 a! C9 F/ a6 C. HDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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& D3 n' [( z% y+ ?/ S6 k) i) |/ ~ f% u7 X$ l9 c- Y4 P) a
INTRODUCTION; A, ~. x0 R8 U
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and: s& Q/ M$ |! j* E' M3 l
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912)." Q3 D* P( j6 }" P* @" ^# d
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to5 \6 \8 S+ {! S' A3 D
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
8 q! N/ l, e' w: B k- USt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
2 o. ^$ {, [- C& z& L2 Zby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
* g; x8 K) B4 Xan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on6 b$ ?+ j; d& X2 u# t
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
7 [9 r0 ]# J8 S! }# k1 {1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ q+ X, r6 N( e: ~& uworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
4 n7 ` l4 K+ ^2 j9 ^Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.0 v1 S( }# F' [7 e f1 L+ v
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
5 l ?6 F& h) ~' s! Uto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant2 ~0 U0 h1 z! E$ M8 q6 |7 G
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
7 @: Z& f" ]8 s& V# Previse the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,7 g5 f) e0 V3 C6 z" i9 A$ _: V
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
|( N3 d+ E1 c3 ~& Rbooks that made him the most productive one among the/ a; d- P1 b- O; M/ X$ F: T+ R0 l
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,. o+ }0 k6 X9 h) Z( F5 J2 `
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a! j5 N% a# G3 O' [5 o
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
V: K$ O2 N$ I) r" y+ Upeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
; F' j4 \1 l& {% q& pIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer+ @, l7 K, Y/ U+ t0 z0 @( j
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
9 D( J5 r, M s* L$ q# B" ~science and the standardization of translated scientific' r5 u W4 C$ i
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific! `+ q$ ?2 u3 R2 C, i! G
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the8 f- v- ~! B0 J, A- R4 r
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another j# l" x9 \% I/ d3 w
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
2 q+ Z1 {0 P& ?9 ~) [: u" yof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in" P. V) U+ [, ^ w) [: y u- u% {
Modern China.
( I7 V. @* p% f8 ?. m) S8 gAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published3 F8 n3 B5 k( \. B( \9 A9 Z2 I
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
+ e# ^8 p3 M/ u5 W- D2 W) Q/ K9 d2 Z) Ftravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
0 n: E" K, v7 v# n$ [, ia lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
/ V7 [! u/ W+ s( x' m4 _# L: x: ^John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and, X( a% ?$ F. j% w: `
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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