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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 / J0 B' `1 ]% i! w% p- O
' K0 l, F, T4 Q( }3 n! O3 Hhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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6 s/ F, H, J+ v a8 Q+ OJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China9 o# T6 X0 L' c' G; [$ U
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of5 E5 C' J. k# T$ t5 a- J
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. l6 o/ ]# N& d# Q: o
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of& r- F8 q' j- \6 C0 z) j
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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. C9 _2 w' W1 @" K1 B- a: rSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .: H8 ^/ I% m% H- K
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018' D/ i) D& m! X3 M9 e. \
Published online 26 January 2018
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* u- x. f/ o1 H) ]+ b# UAbstract
) F) h7 Q8 U9 J/ ]0 bJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
) \* \4 _, L, N& c: x. y/ x! L: m. ^Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The) C8 p- p' f3 J* o
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been" M) R5 _5 }2 ?
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
6 a' c8 d+ r& i0 Qonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific/ m( l: E* @ D7 Z9 E0 o% ?+ h
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly$ o; q9 C. i0 H0 e9 e& e) S
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
0 S& w4 h1 [+ _- b- N1 b- mtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
- M% L; f. v1 X4 I' Q4 j) Ascientific translation practice and his translation ideas,5 q/ f! E2 o+ W( i) `# k4 Z/ c- V2 b
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the( g* r: V) p8 }* x$ H. u F3 m
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
8 z5 I4 m l5 j8 Uin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien# \% d: P3 [& V( Y, z1 u& @
he established had helped greatly with the popularization, v w3 Z4 {( Z( O9 k
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
$ e8 ^5 y9 P. |! b) X& v. lthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way: l( I1 z. }5 }4 _4 w# J! D
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
- m: j6 `$ p6 s% J7 }" Dthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a0 ~: S \0 L3 N2 Y+ u3 @6 o
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
( Y) q- U8 x! r9 y9 o$ y5 N- fterminology.; I5 X( p% u5 ^1 l. y# \% p% h9 u
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;1 u: N* n/ e) I' f. q0 W
Standardization of terminology translation% s$ N2 _! T, ?9 ?* B% P% m' }6 M) g9 }
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
8 _/ U" c0 [- x" GStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
0 T, ^0 _" u( L% \. YChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
$ t' O: g* u8 n2 n# S% |7 u, xfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213; U) u8 I. C" P% h# Y
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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. y9 \* n& {+ U [INTRODUCTION" ]1 {6 ^$ K; [6 r6 U, r
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and1 t6 i" k) ]7 |' x; ~
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
+ j# \$ ~. }; @" Y2 ADriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
6 h9 Y. Q8 l. R, V {! A) ` M6 VHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of c3 ~/ s8 g" a" i" D4 S; l
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed# E+ ?* ]! N7 w% g3 |
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as; X. I0 p# l4 q# W; B
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
: s$ Y5 ?* w4 I( q. Uhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-: X+ G$ s+ m: ~
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific* M; f+ M. W4 J0 p) L- x8 K# ?8 f
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
3 U& Z0 ^9 X$ Q2 d6 K+ D* i5 w) cFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.' |/ K+ t; N+ x9 G( H
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated8 j- J( k. _% L5 v
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
1 M% p/ a% t/ p. _" w* O$ v# swould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 p3 s; ^+ a9 o& h1 [
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,. o# q6 N; y5 Q4 b3 m% {8 j
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
, L/ i3 s' S6 @) Cbooks that made him the most productive one among the
& m1 @# K1 {2 wforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
5 S8 k) w" B) j' \translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
1 d1 Q# x% v. e% `- Hnoble work which could help accelerate the process of0 C/ F1 m/ Y- l& c# ^& u
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).' `, k- ] n1 x, L% U
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
7 a Q; `. P0 j% Q, n- A% [! salso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
; u; e) W$ n* G7 A6 dscience and the standardization of translated scientific1 e/ n6 ]/ y M& c `
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific" ?8 x; L) V2 I9 q) S+ ?5 s; u! d( R
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the$ q) r+ [. e: J6 }3 n+ g
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
9 S3 M/ H: ?1 c$ k) a/ E' |contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
5 ]9 c3 z: Q p! E7 |9 j5 N( ^of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in5 I4 ?. S& z9 w( L0 z! O) \' _
Modern China.8 f) \! K. `6 ?
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published& y5 t, ~. ~8 b/ I& ]4 k2 f
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
0 O, K- n; H% J3 m5 I+ N" s, |. ftravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing. f1 h( J1 `( l) o7 j
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In! H+ j* s+ e, H9 j6 p6 I. M: P
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
' ]& l6 r5 b: wTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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