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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 2 X3 _( h5 x$ O% q
) b( Y, l1 Z7 dhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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2 E4 M" }1 y1 j' uJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
$ R. @' I4 z* GYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
5 c4 W$ x7 d v8 S8 z6 F, a% ~Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
, C6 ~) q" l- R( a! r
% u$ @4 U: s3 ULI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
. i/ y# N* ~* aFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 u G2 M' J5 {; g
% h" t, S8 \" ~" w6 Z1 D8 vSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .8 }3 a4 ~. |9 @
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20184 i0 P. W$ F/ ~) o) K$ t' h; a! A
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
/ o7 q9 i1 F: g8 A' RJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
0 c, A" E* k7 R* F, l. P( KDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
1 P9 I" P, @5 Y9 ?! ^) G2 zTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been: j1 O# Z! H0 z2 B4 f) x# `
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
" }' O. ?6 s1 tonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ S3 a! z% t2 H. n: Tworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
; Q7 Z7 S, ?# H+ t+ sto the standardization of the scientific terminology5 C1 n" Q) c# d1 b8 _1 y
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
" A$ K: r& f' bscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
0 x6 ]# |( q; d' xand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
' g+ g7 m" T$ R0 qstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
8 \) K( w% m8 r) Qin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
& s) @5 c- Q* T. ?+ W' @he established had helped greatly with the popularization& f+ F- h" H& s9 w+ f% i8 Q
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring; w" R: f' W' @; C
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
& S* A7 x7 o# ^0 c7 D/ N/ b, }/ `2 `9 Qfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and& H1 W- l8 j) G3 d
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a& b& I9 p8 z! {- C" ^* S m2 }
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific* { l0 V% E F" @( w" k! |
terminology.' @& m0 x6 T( A3 D
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
2 k7 L" _" N. d( T' hStandardization of terminology translation F' X% X4 z" w9 _/ m
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to: g* I9 ]2 T0 _4 K: k9 y8 }! c
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern3 x, ~3 X7 ^2 S- W' V: P
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
$ m* ?+ H+ Q# N4 }from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213# y; {. K7 I" G, e q+ }
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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+ F T8 r2 q- Z7 sINTRODUCTION1 A0 U7 p" z/ s. v; _
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
. S, N% p- D: D# \a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
. L" m& d0 x g6 b2 hDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to- W4 z6 y8 [. u- ~8 }! V7 e
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of( w* s$ B- T7 S! A' i4 F( N
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
5 i! ]+ I, w0 _by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as9 ?9 {" k+ e! D9 h/ o
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on+ U+ ^: ]' k$ U( e4 r5 D8 p
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
1 q; ]) x; X0 b6 g5 P1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific/ r" D0 h9 b+ ^: m- q
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,1 ]$ o2 k9 O, M: {" L% X/ ^# g
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
- \1 `- \# L3 @. \6 `Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
/ G: m" x) F! d; S& W A0 N% p# rto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant. _0 n7 p2 L' N
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,/ ~9 v8 N7 Y0 r1 f
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,5 f4 k E$ I$ e/ V. y+ ~" Q
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western6 H+ b, h4 P! L9 I4 B# v' I
books that made him the most productive one among the, I% O& i8 }9 l( s! Z. z
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
& j9 y* U% f/ N2 E9 }" D6 Ltranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a9 |7 |& M9 M1 v/ \3 X8 Y
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
5 L; P% E' f+ A7 Ipeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
2 u& ^, Q% K) E& ?: Q+ k, BIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer6 w( J/ j% [2 s5 c% ?
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
+ q* p/ P( P% |" Y, `: Mscience and the standardization of translated scientific$ C f- m/ c' T! C! ~
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
- V& I5 B- k5 I. U3 a4 ^9 Q) M6 vmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the9 E5 W* N) g4 V. Y9 o, f4 [2 R! N
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another) i2 n0 `# c Q( B1 L
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series2 W0 S' p2 q2 x0 n$ E
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
$ c, G( T9 e9 OModern China.
( P A I3 k7 ]) V/ zAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published& N3 `/ y# v( |
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
8 R, ]$ r9 ~; F) g) ]travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
1 Q R u: r. j. `a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In, Q! Z2 P" m7 [1 A
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
! [# j6 ]2 C6 dTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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