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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ) g0 ]3 [; L0 f& U7 D4 T3 \
2 j! r4 q7 t9 D, R% nhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China% s: ?9 F* u" f6 h9 S
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of4 c4 O: ?5 T: M
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
7 W$ R3 c" ^; Z/ Z, N1 S U. w5 P6 M! A" } P
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
9 L9 r5 ]0 z. {3 CFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.) u; M; O8 q, M' u9 j7 M) l
6 Z2 b) Y O& Z
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .2 l& X* y+ a ], {
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018- t; ~4 X6 a% y5 k3 |! o! t
Published online 26 January 2018
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- O6 E# Q' W8 i+ bAbstract- M# q- b, e1 }" m3 p5 v0 {
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
0 p0 s* U, @0 x# m# w9 D! HDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
! p1 {: ~7 K! U ]6 z( u1 \Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
: v+ p( L: H7 iengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not; ~2 \3 {( k T! R
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
7 T! Y5 C. ~( dworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly! l A t) i+ W4 Q
to the standardization of the scientific terminology2 M$ {& I" ^/ N/ w. {& }# S, v$ }
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s4 ~7 a: i1 B7 E. s3 j+ R j
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
- l! a: I8 {' l8 x( M/ Tand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the3 y+ O9 c- s8 C7 j, T
standardization of the scientific terminology translation$ Z0 Z5 @ H/ B
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
1 X( b& I0 I; X* Qhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
. q9 Z _2 C2 @6 {9 zof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
# W) w& L' B5 p# B* }3 p5 \# Hthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
; a* R+ U I# ]7 u: }for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
9 Q: G7 l& n2 b, N% \that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
3 F3 j' C# L+ Qgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific$ `8 {" p3 Z6 {& s- q4 Z
terminology.4 n& ]* }. [6 v' l3 m0 X: T- E
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;! v- v3 H5 t3 q; u& B% F
Standardization of terminology translation' I0 I! y* h4 }; P8 @- A4 u; `5 Q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
! P' [9 \7 m2 i/ C- bStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern2 u6 a$ v* t2 C+ u0 T! N9 o
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
5 G5 [ c! C. m* A( U" Jfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
- ^! u; t1 g/ F5 K2 z; CDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION( O2 y2 V$ R9 q. {2 A9 _+ X$ S, T; o
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and) ~% k' I- l, e2 a
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).( d3 C" |" \! R! G0 [. U' U- d: S
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to6 a/ ]9 b2 u0 O1 e+ e
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of) i% g3 l; M2 U' [
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed& ^$ m$ F$ q4 x9 x% T( q: m0 \8 i
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
2 m9 a9 o9 K9 D9 O7 h' P" i" }" qan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
9 S6 i9 z7 x8 ]! O* A) g. whis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-) Y, k% o4 f4 [
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific3 I! j9 R2 B7 u. _. @* c5 q
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,( z; b& r1 \2 k6 c7 C. S( v* r
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.& C% ]9 S1 D4 \" A
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated! M. E- D1 ~2 Q8 @8 F- u, z
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant6 e; i! m5 k# i$ C& |% w, v+ L
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,& _" r, Y( P1 ]- ]( H( C/ f& D) d
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,8 w9 N$ k8 C# w* j9 B7 G7 N
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
4 G# j9 D$ X9 X0 M% R- Cbooks that made him the most productive one among the
$ l* `% M* M4 ]6 b; S, ` P' q* q/ \) ~foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,9 e$ L5 X( c1 m% G. N6 a( ?* ^; ?% _
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a( r7 }9 Z* W5 c1 B
noble work which could help accelerate the process of0 D1 U* w( i2 h, w# c n
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).: d) t2 v) L% @! z8 `! W6 g
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer; @0 j# V7 ?7 ]2 s* r7 J7 P( l
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western, t3 Z5 q$ V' ~3 i- m( u; w- m8 M+ i
science and the standardization of translated scientific
! c Q" S6 Y; F8 R) J! Nterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific5 y" }- H, k0 n9 l2 L6 A, R, U, [
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
/ g+ |8 ?( t2 Z( a- Testablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
4 k" i4 j$ Y' F1 z: |. I5 |contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
: o0 o& r! i. c; D8 n; qof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
9 e: ]9 I& y8 wModern China.
1 O6 l8 o# v4 I; ^: r9 ^# D& d! JAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published K) V5 k# m( @3 [
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
# F' i* {! m6 @% v% Mtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
. D0 n. U4 E4 w0 c& v+ ]a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
8 r9 d3 a. a( a- i8 v% j5 XJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and8 O* |* ?" Z- I, P" M
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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