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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 & C2 l' m6 c7 v
3 l; m, K7 s- b5 T! ?) Rhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688: u: S% z4 P. _
. F( ~* l6 P1 m% NJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China' h) X2 \" B( G! k, w2 U. T
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
0 Y5 F7 x* e/ Y: W9 v cFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.7 P: V+ n" I! Y0 l
! a' i' G5 Y/ I' SLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
7 g7 X8 K0 ~. NFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
5 I: [# B# ]5 t' \4 T, {1 L u9 s5 M, ~/ h5 D4 S) g
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
2 o' E8 }& e7 AReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018 U$ y( x$ L- n3 I6 N
Published online 26 January 2018
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0 `% E( A8 m: E8 n9 }. i+ IAbstract- L3 A+ V) k8 N2 Q4 x+ A
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing2 L* K. Z. W0 }
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The9 m4 U% |+ h- u6 v/ D
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been# @5 x' G" }7 a: o! ]. l. x/ C- b$ B
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
6 u2 h0 @) w( honly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
- F0 I) u( o! P; q' M$ @. U0 Vworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
@, s% q$ E- h# [9 m: f) a' Ato the standardization of the scientific terminology
+ w: J8 x* G% I: Vtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
! D* Y# b0 C# Jscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
8 ^" Y" I! J, |+ c8 vand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
, y$ X- K# O: `" e) Tstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
$ d! T/ F; h6 E0 {8 Z' Z0 Rin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
; `2 M5 ^2 q1 f' F6 {he established had helped greatly with the popularization" i8 k2 l4 S. _( B; u
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring) E( p* | Q! S1 _# S1 U
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
% w0 N& Q1 t" J. cfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and+ I* [5 n! S9 Z" T1 J7 |+ x2 ^) d8 W
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
. w2 L) T0 ~: F |) m! Q; K/ ugreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific! q/ H( w( T5 n- h3 r$ T
terminology.
. W( b* ^, h1 K" p$ i8 l+ K. R' T zKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;* l; y% d% d* k" m& j6 U
Standardization of terminology translation3 |! ?2 m; S: V, B: `
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
/ S( I$ r1 O' Z# j5 ^3 n; Y# VStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern* N( [* Z( w4 F! U
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available) N. B* ?7 T4 }0 @2 y. _/ v
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/ g5 X3 o' R5 Q: E
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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5 J' N+ v& H( m7 ZINTRODUCTION: @/ }& I: v6 P6 T6 C: d
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
& U# C) K2 K$ f% wa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).4 w! z% Y8 b; R/ d# m
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
% V3 C% x( S: ^0 D$ ~! [Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of0 Y$ T8 j$ R! e* Z
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
9 _7 s$ x# g" k/ x# [4 Tby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
) @; N9 ~/ x9 X; V) E9 z& i: Ean editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on0 m# t* O) ]$ t' J
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
) f$ L4 p" v% C2 Q5 D1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
: S6 e" H! D. M3 B+ G7 ]2 Yworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,: k5 g) W9 u* V7 v
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.$ [" a" H3 M& M$ b
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated. V" F S6 v* q. ]6 y' ]
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
3 Y E) l: c3 H# p- E3 J: Pwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,' |; U" {7 A/ ?$ q/ i% v! j# U
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
+ I. \( j5 l F `0 BFryer translated more than one hundred of Western* @% [8 t! S [7 B0 w z" m7 x
books that made him the most productive one among the' e6 x5 D, C/ h0 M1 p3 H2 E! ~
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
4 I+ l5 M" L' d' utranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a% V* O$ \- d$ k4 Q2 v. E" |
noble work which could help accelerate the process of; w7 F) P' b+ \* x
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
& e- W" D+ a- f: RIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer2 {+ J! G8 _, [5 T" k
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western6 f+ a$ a) s: l- T
science and the standardization of translated scientific( l8 U: D5 p2 b8 I. q. ^ u
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific7 Y; y1 h& s9 r
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
- V m" {& L ~* i, ]1 M# testablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another( c0 Y4 y# E$ {" G' d* a& e, v
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series! t( Q$ Q( L B& l# x8 ~6 a6 k- g1 b
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in9 J% K8 ]& O1 t P# ^: @
Modern China.
" U3 p- P; _$ @An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published1 S, `1 s% G' G' n4 c# r
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
! u- E! L" y6 i1 r$ Z rtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
] B, l$ q. g. b4 _/ R+ N$ n- pa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
$ r5 b- F( ~3 d3 F& `( K. X* WJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
+ F& `. q' g2 ?Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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