 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
How to figure a home's fundamental value
P5 E, [$ Z, a. ?# B4 y2 }" \Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
' S' _% M$ y/ j
% W; W3 y5 o. ~1 YNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.! h# l! u2 S) Y$ u' }& b
) F& y6 s- f/ T! E+ v1 }Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
) S7 Q- b. J: H' U" Q& P& z6 s; ^( p
$ o1 t. @7 V* _" M" J zTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
* G/ U* C7 m5 v/ C' N2 e7 J5 x& L, a8 b* {# k9 C6 E6 V8 A
5 g7 x' j: D* t- b0 m0 J& F
In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
* M9 d8 {( ^& R Z1 v4 Q* J$ H1 Y, i! _
San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.6 [0 O$ M- I7 g6 L$ H+ Z
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.! \& C' j$ e& Q( M8 y
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.1 W+ `3 X9 f) I0 g. Q- O }
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 2 l# Z5 M, l) u
% s% L: e7 ?$ K$ u: a% yIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
% {/ _% d7 _: Y! `2 i1 a7 d: {6 O$ O+ r3 C, G0 K) \
If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.( ?% h: ~5 L" n/ `. z; ?$ W# f
, S% J S( [; L, k) y# n/ Z% h Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas 9 |- D% c7 a" t! I3 O4 i
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
+ Z% z- i5 K% v0 f/ HBoston 20.5 30.2
0 U3 B7 _5 K) `9 i y- GSan Diego 22.8 29.7
" V: @! g8 C6 M; T% U3 G3 O7 @0 rSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
, d" d; G5 ~/ h5 Q8 aLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
9 Z8 }+ k! E6 p2 f( dSeattle 20.4 25
" G$ k; s) `! R f) ]Denver 17.7 23.7 5 W1 R4 n! X+ g4 k' k/ W& C9 c
New York 21.2 22.5
9 T- H" f' U, b' N1 m! RChicago 17.2 20.8
: o# N; p/ I3 K- {$ L$ uWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
/ g% A0 i* N; e% _
+ x: r |$ t7 J( f
, K0 g" z3 T# h' R/ G3 i# p* l# z- ~/ S
It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
8 S& W0 @9 J/ F2 k f# \
3 ^, n( V7 I) n0 j8 c5 Y- m9 A }! E& D. S2 Y
From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
|