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How to figure a home's fundamental value9 L/ l: N0 E$ l4 }8 E) ]* N
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.0 e4 b. s$ M- B, c, j1 M4 [- q# c
8 d# z5 c; w! q' B/ z- QNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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# S; `* Y/ D. a, r7 ?Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.. \( U- M; }4 j' }$ j) k8 T0 y4 u4 s
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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- C+ G( S, G; D( n# z: ^- KIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
V/ Z) C. |6 y8 PSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.8 `6 c# `+ N+ ^6 d& ^
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
4 X/ U, e0 ~% KYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. " K& \9 G* }0 e
1 s( k0 a; v/ K; P5 pIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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, f7 e9 Z2 ^2 Z( }5 Q Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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, ~4 c, p3 k* fBoston 20.5 30.2 , g, t7 D& e$ k# e U: }
San Diego 22.8 29.7
9 S ^4 x; R( Y& bSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
. ?& t1 {; { U0 K; z6 }1 qLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 2 D7 R, Q. M! N
Seattle 20.4 25
( i I. m, a- |' }, D3 l8 eDenver 17.7 23.7
+ Y8 |& T! O _$ f/ b G; tNew York 21.2 22.5 7 u" C" j% Q5 q7 V5 e3 Y. q
Chicago 17.2 20.8
" [. {$ n; j# I ?( c6 QWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 + K6 V" Q+ h$ P
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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