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How to figure a home's fundamental value* y/ y/ ^; D# N( U( Q3 O0 L
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:2 k/ O3 ~' Y+ [: e1 d H" r7 i
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.' `& P6 j5 U9 Z* q
9 h" }$ [2 D' L c" U _. R( GSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
6 J2 f) S C8 F# a6 R: wSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
y K9 v l' M" a( t4 l8 GNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
% }4 _- X& H$ j2 \! RYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. ` y5 v: |$ B6 \3 x+ }& C
( V5 s5 B k" j5 A% m1 k; @- xIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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% m* M% R& R" u& W# QIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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( E. q' Z- y2 W3 Q! Q5 g( N, ]/ Y Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
% x1 m, X4 s; E2 m8 a* k% h9 jSan Diego 22.8 29.7 1 N6 _" y( V ]
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
5 r5 Q8 h7 N4 t; OLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
& N4 W8 Z- c& {2 lSeattle 20.4 25
4 o3 D) H( r$ Q9 ~7 qDenver 17.7 23.7
, m5 @" }+ }' R8 O: R. SNew York 21.2 22.5 4 p8 m7 y; i; b% D+ T6 ]8 y
Chicago 17.2 20.8 : w. a" j" i' ]6 [/ B
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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^4 f; Y! i$ a% k6 P; ^It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.( d3 D* \- R6 {! ^- [: @
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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