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谈英语俚语' |) ]3 S' T$ a
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
3 T2 C. \! `" k Y之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
2 H! L" `: s. ^2 h1 p+ w1 Y. e2 {4 O若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
, \5 a3 k3 ~2 r8 C& K指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
! ~8 v0 a7 F2 p8 H! V8 O7 q7 o2 S( R* i(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)5 F7 R& N! ?! @
例如:$ Z- Y) T3 L9 b; ]: V5 k
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.: u l7 i9 ?: }* @6 }3 b, c
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
% u( l/ Z d) tMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.% Y: r4 d' o. ?* Q1 P
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
O: Q5 s! `- o, x! w7 i. c, j虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
; u* X4 c4 A: K" {4 p/ D1 DThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
' [1 z i/ c5 e, N7 A( g% D(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
% ^7 o/ ^1 t4 s4 s9 G8 R3 q! W(2) fair-haired boy:: ?0 R7 T9 q' F1 _. C. }
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
7 q4 c: V/ S6 ]7 o(通常用单数,当名词用)% m4 M2 P0 b7 E; {- L( d' I8 L* g( t
例如:
: @: R/ n T7 S, k3 {! uMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.( X& [5 m0 E% z" W
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
# J# g9 b0 u8 H6 TNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
# B& [8 {% x h( i. N(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
7 i6 Y5 u0 R/ t2 X有时也可用复数:
7 _2 n! a3 n2 p3 P( ^- R4 K- LMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
! a1 x d- x# j* g n+ X(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)& p, @# H9 `8 I# \2 C! d" Z
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
3 u* D* R/ I" y$ t a* C V" a9 ~0 y(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)' _0 g% b E% C2 Y8 p3 o
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)4 E$ _+ A# @4 d$ ?+ S) Y
(3) fishing expedition:0 y a4 q j3 N3 N0 G4 I% m; m
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
; b, P) a# ~* P(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)0 J. x( X: n$ P. ?
例如:# i8 e: Q( h, }2 ?! X
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.* P# r9 S1 V/ ^; M$ O, x
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)7 u0 ]. ~! V2 I0 }) v# L) _
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.1 \' ?7 v) A/ e/ z% f+ ~( k
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)$ X' }! T L6 X$ [
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict). b9 ^4 s u* }$ @' x
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
; s- a' @- m6 R" V(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。) @4 E( |" ] j! m I+ @8 ~* y
偶尔也有人用复数:
, X# t1 E* j( @' E0 |- x1 K7 M1 |0 SSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.% _4 s$ K. Y5 g1 X% } J# T3 c4 r
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)' r. S$ M" R0 z M5 }
(4) filthy rich:' u9 l# C2 b P
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
% Y, w; Y" P8 Q$ f/ m% B(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
# R. e- i) [8 h多半当形容词用。例如:
- a$ {! D7 X/ ^. G% Y6 x9 N3 g4 nWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.! h* i" g) Q( N. Q4 p' f
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)/ k; t* C1 @! p7 J+ ?
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.0 b" l' v5 k, X! |- y
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
8 P7 _/ A8 r$ A* f6 Q( ?A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.0 F7 o0 F5 }3 Q3 s' Z
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
$ Q- z: X9 e d& I* }; e5 Z5 `+ mFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
, v6 p: z0 p) T* G, W(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)8 v) r" v7 V Y8 y1 u3 S) k
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
3 a6 x9 _# u! M0 {(5) fairy godmother:. W+ d- ]8 a/ e% a5 C0 _
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)3 d* y q% K; X3 y2 H( \" e ^
(多半指有钱的女人)
7 a, {: R0 Y9 x" Y/ B5 P(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:2 _) Q1 X; R I
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
# b0 Y2 r0 n+ r6 E8 t(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
8 w n2 w3 B+ Y9 `+ S* ZAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ s/ @5 Q) ]0 ` ~(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。) }& w7 C9 V% i9 X
有时也用复数:3 @1 R( |, h9 Y( }- D1 U- ^
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.2 b: a' V- d* Q D
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
6 N: F; v# j. s& \# Q$ m0 mIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.) w8 F) q( c& c' [# L: ^" Q
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)- o; u3 Y- p! V$ v3 f4 D. {
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|1 l; y3 I0 y6)eye opener:
6 P L3 G+ Q+ O1 x4 k3 V指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)! m, v8 \ D& o' Q9 L2 n
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
8 f5 v1 O# w6 ~! u" o例如:
/ I& t1 D0 U% l* O) LYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.- O1 z/ Q+ ^/ n7 K% [ B$ Y
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)& O6 a2 b/ D) s- x1 h
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
5 [. Q" `+ O1 j$ g9 i) N/ R3 l(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
5 G% m% S; Z, w$ i7 v% t( DThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
1 _# Y+ O; i& F- ^8 W(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
- f" l: l5 I' o2 a* u- LSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
5 r0 H, q2 D7 k(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)+ [# Z" Q3 C- z* h, T
(7) hot dog:
) ]* r! X4 H7 B指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
8 w. o$ v& I% e% ?# o例如:
5 W# B/ H- t+ o/ P* M3 a& JSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
9 A$ d6 ~/ J9 `$ X7 [% Q( D(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
9 Z+ g* H0 w. P5 M4 Z/ Z(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)- F6 ]+ v) {$ G6 {
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
- f5 {' m% }3 L, [- @0 o% j(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)" s1 _3 @; [# Y0 C6 ?+ E
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
" C) `1 q; [3 Q3 MDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
! ?- x. B. `/ N9 H4 s(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
& v- \# o. g% s也指真正的热狗食物:. ?8 U' P" v8 {
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.$ o9 J$ N2 }0 o0 A
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
0 Y* w7 r/ C3 g& e; C也可表达欣赏的心情:
, B7 y5 B6 ]# ?$ s# zHot dog ! What great news for me.
. y8 g- m Y) N; J(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)- I6 @( g+ u" L& q! [* ?
(8)eager beaver:
/ o% g5 a& x0 r7 ^" G! s指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others). M7 ?+ ^# i4 o
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)# m- B/ }+ a& T" i2 j
(当名词用,可指男女)
4 ]: D& J$ d* e5 ~9 X例如:
/ g: A G4 g! |+ K$ eJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
- c2 R2 }1 Q& d" Y( L E& C(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
, z8 c% C7 F; i3 j* Y4 F2 `5 cBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.2 f. [ o, K" f- Z2 h. ?. R
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
2 A5 N y, v* b+ k8 EDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
' X9 e* B9 Y9 @% C6 w8 @% m. H; D(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
. `+ w' B- A, ~$ w* h6 f# eYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
5 a$ D: y* [1 i. r+ m(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
, O$ h2 O& p1 S7 I(9)doubting Thomas: ?3 b# K& r# W9 g4 `9 p# E& n4 n0 L# ?
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)$ x- j1 |9 V+ ^
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 u9 D& U# c$ G6 |) F& A(当名词用)
# u) Z8 ~5 j$ ?: M* ]! z+ P例如:# Q; r3 t+ s* u4 ]
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise. U' Q3 X) Y0 C+ M5 U) A$ Z
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
9 B$ n2 }0 `4 `6 h1 y; q' g3 zThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
8 s8 q# L, K( h |(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)2 y; ]( a( x1 }! z7 y
也可用复数:
H" M7 M9 a2 p7 @6 ^% rMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.! p, a- a9 E2 B# ]* L# n r
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)% L1 H" E2 C* @# Y
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
" Q1 O& X9 ^# m/ N; t# ~(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)! x* M( P& P, S0 W- J# C
(10)dragon lady:
& y% X7 t, Q' m1 N# ?3 N! V/ ?% l指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
4 m$ e! `# i* I例如:' H* A& V2 `8 b7 h9 c% P
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.: A) Z$ `# y2 Q" W4 R8 b; Y
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)0 {2 G1 x9 M! L. p% Z
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.* v Y6 R& n5 W& ^- P/ K5 k( S
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)' s' l% Y; P( f5 @0 F
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
" y9 K3 R$ h7 a, y* F% A1 Y(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
6 J8 s$ j+ s. w( g3 j- D也可用复数:( T! u7 A& e6 L' w! R! A
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
7 _- Y3 B0 O8 p% W P* z+ o) ^(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
# S$ o5 j0 S; a' c1 s注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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