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谈英语俚语6 q5 ^1 k; X$ n' K6 h5 u% t$ A
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
# s- N% T' L( H, f; P9 {& X3 z$ l之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。, d) O: t2 c# Z% O
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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, _0 e& {1 ~, s6 D6 w) w4 S$ M(1) empty suit:
, t4 W; r8 j, r* C$ P5 r3 H指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。0 X; e8 I& {0 V) u
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
$ i3 u3 D: S: O" j. q: V" f" h. t例如:0 ]& j9 @' A( \: \% m
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
7 i9 {* j" |6 _2 R(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
+ f3 S% m4 W2 t) K0 vMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit. d8 i3 w6 {1 A
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)+ }" U2 w' @5 L! H
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
# Y* K7 H' W. P4 x* pThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.7 O$ y j2 |1 z2 e
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)8 U/ D' o: u3 h/ o
(2) fair-haired boy:: b9 ]/ i* D: Q4 \1 S& C
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
5 k3 c# H/ a4 h% `/ G6 l& q: B(通常用单数,当名词用)
5 C$ R4 {% E! r% g$ Y例如:( {" F" G4 |4 j+ a, o! ~
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.; m# Z- @# [! J+ C
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
1 W5 z9 T2 t- J; q) z' U( [Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
- m( n2 _0 r j5 R(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)5 A( C1 a; n- s6 m
有时也可用复数:
7 G2 q8 _( l4 s0 J9 ^3 z Q8 m' |Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
$ Z3 D9 ]) W" e(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)& m/ \& q* ?3 ^3 |# A1 N# u
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.( i, E8 n' D; N) h/ p$ `# A
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)7 X9 G( W- g# i1 C4 ~ K
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
- P; V8 E0 }' p& y' j(3) fishing expedition:
* M* ~3 \/ P9 q# W6 n' W8 Q为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
' M* |) L5 _1 S9 x2 \7 F(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
) C% P& _; J, _ q+ F6 {例如:" l) [/ j5 U$ n9 d* h) r
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
+ L- E: O1 ~5 U4 [. x) D' Q- s& F" W(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
4 q Q. _3 U; j! FThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.: l9 M5 F/ R# }$ T9 Y/ B
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)/ ?7 L; t2 _1 T( e- r) b
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)$ X0 _4 p \* z" L5 p" R8 f
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.$ {0 U. y+ e& R/ o* H- I
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
' ~' v7 w; t% f0 L偶尔也有人用复数:7 m' k- S' V: Z7 M; A, `
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
" H3 X N: V( c(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
?5 U# J. h4 R" S(4) filthy rich:
, z: D3 R1 E" f$ q意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy), s% f! j7 \9 \8 s/ Y
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)' {) \' m5 r9 F/ K4 q/ ?
多半当形容词用。例如:5 r# z1 C0 J% J8 W9 ~" M
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
" N# E/ p3 Y0 |4 D/ Z' s* O+ d* C2 x( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)2 S0 Q r8 u) `& n4 u9 q
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.4 h7 z7 _/ r- G
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。) k) I) Q+ N# u
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
& Z; N* T! q* F(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
4 J3 O$ ^: W7 X; }$ a% \Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters./ n( C4 h( G6 d' y& _+ O c
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)0 l- f8 L" v5 @) e# K
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
8 y5 c% K; ~- O4 m(5) fairy godmother:
+ k/ s7 }, x7 z& J& J指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)' {6 k7 q& o' T8 e9 w
(多半指有钱的女人)
0 ]& f0 G! M; N* E* H: D(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:' k' t$ ~' l$ U% R/ `0 B0 u; f8 ]
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars. e2 C) H/ J0 Z; w. Z" A
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)- N6 r& ^; X- t! Z, q$ H
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.6 c5 p# C. `/ H5 c6 p3 k
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)( P1 u1 X, Z1 U2 e
有时也用复数:
+ l5 x: T+ n/ i$ w: S9 a# m$ _) pOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
; X' o' g* |( @2 w) H3 b( y( j" M(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 o5 y g- H$ ~6 t: Y! ]2 WIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
0 J* M% P* X' ^) B- }* Z, q(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)6 N; [3 p" j' E% [$ v: N
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, ?: p4 K" L# C- f8 ~# p6)eye opener:5 H1 \# s6 G: q' V) s E0 x
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
! L1 j, k2 K+ C2 ~' y1 a( b(当名词用;通常只用单数)' m+ s: E# ~% | S" i
例如:
1 a( r N* |4 `Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.4 U4 n7 w( a, n8 k' P1 v
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
' s# I8 s/ b! A% \: L% _' LMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
( x( f8 s7 J: Q3 W% o+ I(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
3 ], R2 m4 \7 q" ?& q, v( b: QThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
/ W9 [: K( A# x" Y9 m* \# g& ^(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
1 b( j! n/ a3 g) ?$ b4 aSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people./ y4 U; I7 c6 w& I! H* [
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。), T3 R2 ?( y( C5 _. k4 M- \
(7) hot dog:. a3 `: B3 S# K- f
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
3 H1 [8 c+ y# u$ }! F2 o例如:
- K8 V" v1 R$ ]8 XSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
. x# K. G2 E$ l' S(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
& l/ G/ P1 o+ k; N1 Q3 [(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
0 |: T" n I+ P. N2 P6 XIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
5 P8 l" |/ \+ g# C(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)& l$ \. ^/ Z7 c* G
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging) t9 {# d9 W# k
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer., g# Z k8 | Q9 [. y' p
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) L& w5 I7 ^9 {% d% ^9 J* C! R) v
也指真正的热狗食物:
: o, h5 p+ v* O% }. RThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.# n" p$ E0 w' b0 s N
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
% a: [+ O" Y5 s( B* s. ?' |也可表达欣赏的心情:
; }! [; C1 i1 t- k" b! Y; ^Hot dog ! What great news for me.
# x& d/ f# \- z8 \(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
^$ i4 w4 {+ ~1 F2 M7 x8 Z(8)eager beaver:. ? C3 L# G+ Q9 j. s& W
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)8 q$ J1 k! E! U2 m0 e+ [
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)0 h: a e# F/ D0 p6 g7 ^, q- ^
(当名词用,可指男女). N- d% t8 e! A. k+ }) R
例如:
( o" b. q0 |; C$ w, ^, lJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.0 P- i* }6 w* ?1 A& x
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)$ w2 n8 r; l, P4 h8 @
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
9 O1 i: R$ a2 s+ ]4 J7 A(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
( B% e) n4 B- G( @( O5 KDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
9 E6 l1 E' [4 T% I% |: `4 `* x(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)6 M# n: D( Y+ Y2 v+ y! x4 b1 V+ v
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.( L) Q4 ^; z7 ?8 b8 Q
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
% K# {6 R8 P! I7 l* Y) e+ M(9)doubting Thomas:' K1 U% J& q( u, z' m- Q
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others): S k/ o% b( F/ ?- y4 J
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)7 \4 N' M. b0 N$ T: f. f. b( n
(当名词用)
/ T& S: }+ T4 z例如:
! _ ^& i3 P2 G! K0 u7 RI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
4 t# M6 b. _5 z, h(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)8 b" |/ h5 x! _0 d. A
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
8 S+ G/ e% ?# ]8 u(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
6 M* l& K* d5 q4 f7 @也可用复数:
9 }% Q4 G8 f7 W+ @+ ]# Z' [; P5 e7 \6 I3 [1 wMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
~# i+ {. N/ T. ~5 G(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
3 g6 {$ g6 \9 r2 l- D9 T: H8 m+ kIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.; M. ^7 H p9 U" W6 g `
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
' h* V4 x% c7 g" p9 e0 M9 Y3 v(10)dragon lady:2 k! H7 n) W! j6 G
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)" f5 s$ B ` M& U) f* a
例如:- L) S) m1 [2 p2 Y) x' S4 @
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
( ~$ q7 ]) n0 f0 r(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)& C$ u9 Q. q! H1 f
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.; L* b% x% H0 q. {, x) y5 B# g3 ?
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。) R2 C+ z1 Q% R, Y4 @
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
k3 K& l3 q0 a% L9 p3 p E(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)1 e G) y0 i* ~9 H, k- K* |4 }
也可用复数:
+ C% M9 R- j) Q$ hThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
/ A9 {) ^* f' F: o% U0 \3 T0 H2 A; B5 ~(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
) K# Y& ^2 Z+ b2 V7 E8 G注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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