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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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6 I; V- c: U6 x; q1 L" w在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
& d" r+ D8 b/ n) y/ x2 L* t之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
2 \* U, `. b; j1 X+ L若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
/ f" E  e( M' V8 n+ s
3 m6 v5 w1 i) h6 J  o/ u* l- ?(1) empty suit:
! B: ^( E/ u  {0 n& d7 s) }. f指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。6 P' A& v& G. o  |' R1 _
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)1 i9 B7 K8 t+ W. v; W
例如:. j+ @$ X/ C* B* E' `1 P5 R2 z/ l
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.  ?! k) ^1 U) z  M+ `
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
# h# f% g! Q" SMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
6 B* B- G1 a7 g, [' V- j8 q(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)) M3 M, A5 E: U; D/ G3 ^1 M# d% H
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
; u$ N; W  }+ Y+ b: |0 F. [The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
  e5 N$ r* M6 N7 q% p' T(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)% a6 x/ Y7 ?( l; ]* Y  C' u$ z
(2) fair-haired boy:
/ `* N& g+ w3 B+ e指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)8 B4 s, C% [! `3 d
(通常用单数,当名词用)$ G& v9 n9 o$ R" S( W3 p) W0 s
例如:" z" b7 `7 f' P7 O, S, B. V
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.* j" f. ~$ v& u/ F# b3 U' `
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
9 P; x6 P1 y) _' O. XNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
' E! w9 ?9 q4 L' m(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)& K6 V- Y% x* P8 b, h! L2 N
有时也可用复数:0 g8 k& Y2 E2 |3 L% j6 Q. ^
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.: ]* R8 `3 I4 F: s  i+ O
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
; `; W  T% r; z5 z7 U4 g( gFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.+ v8 l* e6 B* _- D
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
7 H) p+ A8 M: a, V# u$ h( O(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)! s' J* }, K+ \3 d* v8 @6 r; U
(3) fishing expedition:
& [; Z  k& H1 N8 \" x( N4 N7 C为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
9 J4 W2 e9 m# z& g" K! p% W(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
0 |0 H) M& e+ R! {) j  D- J" x例如:
. B' B7 N3 G& c, [7 q! ]& tThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
4 N( n9 R7 i6 q& j- h) ?3 _( x8 u(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)- `4 Y6 t' g# h- k) K0 U
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
4 C" l: f1 ^. A$ D  d(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
% w5 G$ ]5 K# k6 O$ v. ?9 p$ J) r# I(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)2 Y$ a- k7 F7 {$ G2 _
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
+ c3 x9 o4 e; p0 j  A6 u$ v) x(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。). ]& |* ?& w) g" P1 `0 ~8 Y
偶尔也有人用复数:& T2 I( C  T9 f  \
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
6 V# a, d2 ]' z(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)1 _% ~: F$ H0 \6 |
(4) filthy rich:
3 ~9 G% ~" J: c# F% c$ Z8 o- j4 s意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
: e$ u# Y2 ^5 v  i# F7 j, z1 z& U& I(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
$ _$ c( W$ D2 o8 U多半当形容词用。例如:9 Q5 Z: ^! t1 _  V0 T9 G
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.! |6 [5 C2 U8 A, f$ A* e' E
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
# Q7 F1 O$ K# y) R, P6 SDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.! Q$ f* X1 {; \" l* v0 |1 q# P* d
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)( [0 n  |  E* h$ W& J) P
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
: _! Y# }7 b+ M. I2 O(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)# J/ X4 Z8 q! t
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.( l5 j9 ?: ~: r$ _8 i7 R% O# F
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)3 j+ [: E* D8 ~7 }: [
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
* n' v8 D4 ?4 Z0 a3 F(5) fairy godmother:
9 d# y  e0 N5 v' ]3 i指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
1 Y/ I# m/ L7 U1 w8 r! J' i/ _(多半指有钱的女人)+ K' N+ T" U; n+ @- G/ Z3 X
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
/ I) o/ o$ N8 a7 MMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
9 s1 F6 c! T( h- Q1 b4 q5 S(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
! n* I: ?' M/ G/ G! U& ?& f6 [After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
. x0 H) C( m1 U3 w" P. g  c1 Y(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
6 \6 }8 {6 j3 f! x有时也用复数:2 v- n( E, f4 M
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
% |1 I# G! i2 U(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)0 U0 [: G  _. F; U5 M
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.* Z; O, F: X* K% w. g1 N% ^* `
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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5 e4 b( T5 K; `6)eye opener:1 V! {& [: ^. S/ Y6 Y. F: W7 W* [1 ^
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
! L6 s- L) f7 O(当名词用;通常只用单数)* d& Y! R1 X' V" {# I3 H3 x
例如:$ j0 p1 `4 |' S5 I% L: B
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.% g# i2 |9 g4 S7 W
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)5 J; T. k* [5 ^' H& Q
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.3 S7 [( J+ |/ l" W: e4 I5 {
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)# Q6 G$ r2 |4 ^' i5 k
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
. f7 D$ O/ n3 {, `9 o- W( F(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
* ~3 v/ Q4 j( t% d3 zSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
" a( q5 g9 |6 m(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)$ T2 |, {4 T5 s5 H- N: K
(7) hot dog:+ {- A; O) n8 y8 M6 P
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
6 u5 `* ^; z( }! L例如:
  ~& |0 t, b( h1 uSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.& \- n# t; c+ l. O
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
0 t8 }: `$ S4 _/ k5 m(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
7 ?* A+ X  r+ j: }4 y( C# JIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.0 x+ Q' P# x% X% B( N. C
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
' ^, x7 {2 L) x: R. \(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
. T  @! i9 N' D" p8 O, A/ ^During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
1 R) I6 z; l0 P2 Y(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)6 ?- A0 q) \! D4 `$ B
也指真正的热狗食物:
4 N" {! I: V4 y- h: g4 [, z5 y" pThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
: B6 z' ~/ \" U7 C9 b) M(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
$ N1 Z6 j3 N5 S  `! E. f8 V也可表达欣赏的心情:) [0 h0 ~4 n  {* U5 A
Hot dog ! What great news for me.& [  B- X# f2 s  J" [
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)' a  z* U4 @5 o; u( j
(8)eager beaver:- A& E8 `/ U% g) L4 z0 O
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
1 Q% _, l0 }7 C6 k9 P$ w' U, ^4 f(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)) W6 M; O% K0 ~) N( N( v
(当名词用,可指男女)
' u  {. p) C" _, ]& Q% j2 S8 L例如:. j8 g( m5 |8 }8 ]& ^4 j
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
5 e+ N# J! ?. B(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。). H$ c* h8 T, o' G! H* u
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.0 I! ~4 ]# P: @1 b4 Y: r( d
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)$ B% Y* u4 y3 r+ c5 r, U
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?; w. s9 I: a6 N9 p( S* }
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)) k) ~1 a$ b2 T
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.% Z- e+ _8 `# [
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。). [5 }3 P2 I$ M; N  t
(9)doubting Thomas:  M1 F+ r& s0 v4 |( ]" i. l' k
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)- c' A, C2 D' g  Z# K
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
# u) b  S& a  M# m(当名词用)$ |7 c5 o) S1 k* C# L; f7 S- H1 `
例如:' ^/ j8 D# I5 r3 P: U
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.# p6 w) a7 B. x& K4 e
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)0 E6 @& l2 O! ]( ~' P$ U
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas." |- O( B1 W9 `+ g- K
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
% `5 {% y( s8 C3 _也可用复数:% H9 f+ i, P8 I" ^! u* l! O2 e3 l, g, u
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.. z  ]/ ]! D$ M! w' U! n
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)4 j) T: z4 o0 Q4 R" a1 @/ r
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.: ^2 G  E0 x) b0 j! J
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)! |  w0 J  q; r3 J' w/ Q( U
(10)dragon lady:, F. r% }' ?! {, T) u9 [
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
% U( s/ M: ?) W, F+ Y! g例如:
6 G7 R0 k0 c( ZThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
+ x  y! e( C) v) Z(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)/ {1 k- C. c+ ^# \9 |' S# D7 u
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.& C1 V* T( H4 r8 r( F0 I0 k! T
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)7 k0 ~1 R' N5 c2 i& \
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?4 v% W( X7 L: i: W7 k4 y  a# G
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?): I1 K; v+ P# q8 n' x
也可用复数:0 k: Y6 t% o' F. N3 U* d5 Y, K
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
/ m8 E" h) A; p8 o1 p4 e; C! z(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
, r( p9 P5 Q! ~2 F注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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