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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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, T* D$ T* s# r2 O4 F5 n  ]  @在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
) p: v( D  D: A4 h" }1 ~之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
% d, R/ b9 c3 ~若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
  X& o9 C2 J% o3 m& j- a# `& Q) N, _  j  q7 }9 |; Y
(1) empty suit:3 y6 A1 c) T! a% b8 A
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。" F' `! Y0 C7 [
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)) `  y& j( u5 z* q& @) d" \7 J
例如:! ^/ `5 I- L( L
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
$ \( H, u) @" T/ }(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)7 H9 |/ \8 @2 [
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
. `& r( v4 H9 n( X' G(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)' K; b) g! U1 N7 M* b0 O  U) I
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:- Y( Q1 K$ Y' N& l4 ^; p
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
, P& r( N. i9 E; {(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
) m2 J) D/ {; r- d$ r(2) fair-haired boy:! |$ ~1 ]0 A) x& _( p- o
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
; c( g5 O( q8 s8 l) h* G+ _(通常用单数,当名词用)
7 D" F" k' ^8 d例如:
$ S1 F( h  v7 e4 zMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
$ G; u2 l' Y3 b* X( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
0 {- x. V! Y5 tNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.8 ]0 u: W  ~; l; k% P
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
8 ^( I5 L  X/ @6 @有时也可用复数:
; D6 X* w8 @0 r" F3 H* D2 nMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet." D/ b: A; O$ g( L! S8 d8 z& d& ^
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
; [! o+ j+ q5 }; |9 t. c8 NFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.& f8 R5 U, Q" |6 J* H: u3 {6 P& w
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
& V0 ?+ }7 D( h7 O(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
( c4 m3 N- r: O4 w8 ~2 d  R(3) fishing expedition:3 D. s: `& L* s2 v5 [/ y+ L. r
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)% r* N5 v- O( T0 G& b7 i- i. A( t  p
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
- d7 Z. F7 N* a' C例如:
; [% i' W2 x- v7 j3 {: vThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.& d9 @" }- Y$ N( I2 l
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)5 j8 D- B/ q% g. U/ E6 I
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
8 Y. o) h6 F: C& j# D7 m# T(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
% e3 s$ s) S  s+ w3 V(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)8 Y* Q" L7 G1 k6 d
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
7 Q' t/ o  S4 Z9 }1 o3 B(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
! {% M. S& x6 c6 N5 N; x: W偶尔也有人用复数:
4 D9 s5 L# t' I! O7 E- U& V) TSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.( m- I9 e3 i5 B6 ?' n# e! _
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)7 G" j7 _6 U* Y% p- }
(4) filthy rich:* S' y1 Y. E" v
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)4 S& E/ e, @' {9 h1 K9 R
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)$ A3 ]; e* ^' ^; C$ L) C
多半当形容词用。例如:' n8 l* ]( S+ }0 m/ \
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.# J8 H  `( J& o
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
* u+ H# \: K, D2 _& V) R- v, s  XDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
( B* K& A# O7 |+ x6 T5 Q(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)0 V# q4 N/ g% t  Z: B6 `
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
# I; ]$ g% X# G8 Q7 R* ^+ x6 E(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
, S8 b/ k0 F' ]) V, A& `Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
/ r0 b  W, b* b- M3 {+ q(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
; {0 i: |1 i! m4 x! \$ h! N; L(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
# q0 g1 J( H* a(5) fairy godmother:- ?9 i1 _2 M) Q3 Q" Q
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
8 N& C1 G2 i! Y% m(多半指有钱的女人)
: c2 Q6 a4 B& n  E0 k0 G(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:8 r; v+ m0 z9 \; ?
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
, J# V1 ^: y  u! \(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
$ U" p7 d# `+ j" k6 R# WAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
4 p; g9 y5 Z% q, E(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)7 [5 W& V7 |, z( c% ]( q! s# y
有时也用复数:3 E! s3 K* x1 V3 j: }
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
3 F- J7 k1 M& a: o  |1 y(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
, e$ i2 N) Y; |: ~) d* mIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.2 }  W8 l5 z5 E( e6 ]
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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( t9 P8 l, _7 t* d9 c6)eye opener:
. e3 G3 q' |" C/ F* f; ?指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
% b1 C! K' P& e1 ]7 N6 M, Z(当名词用;通常只用单数)' B/ S& P+ ?5 O$ d1 f2 b
例如:& H* s$ ?  v+ B0 |9 e% e
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.0 V2 E' I0 P/ H- H. q% C2 i" m5 E
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
! ~% a- U% L# R; `Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.* |- m" m, l8 _7 i. V3 [
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。): y. h5 m# e) T
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
" f5 p8 \* z* f) q# [4 e(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
$ u. A1 B# g1 i2 m: `1 ]Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.. d$ O; G( m# l! |$ [2 p
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)6 A. ^; p3 J  ?6 o
(7) hot dog:
2 e! [; E2 P3 H( A! }, a, |0 H指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
5 q7 w7 F! i# N5 D. E/ u' y+ @; E! T& p6 w例如:  w4 L- K* s& o
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.* f" S/ E: t) Y- m( w" o% P
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)9 E0 B9 l' Q# u$ C: A" s! v* [
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)/ }8 R8 D7 |  U! o/ A) @! @. x# P
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.7 N1 |& C' a/ V( j! ^8 z
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)0 l5 G* n4 v0 Y7 E
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
6 B6 `7 w' F) ~  i" n- ZDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
9 q9 @# J+ `* c(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)! z; M' W8 W* z- j7 a4 T
也指真正的热狗食物:
/ `3 w1 Z* M, i8 rThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
; E& r9 w* m, J" A(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)# H( {# ?. t4 g" G) M
也可表达欣赏的心情:
+ g6 m% H. s3 `2 v, u( u/ F& IHot dog ! What great news for me." ^; j7 |2 i* Y8 c" ?# p8 j
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)5 z! k7 C6 C: |4 ~, {- ]) M
(8)eager beaver:/ ^% ?0 m2 T' ?; U
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
! d  I! X2 Y2 Z( c(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
2 t. O6 Y+ ?: L5 a: z6 F: t(当名词用,可指男女)
2 K+ B5 Z: K  e& f9 |) Q) @8 s例如:/ o$ {" L$ ?2 k' w7 ?# i9 I* J) M" H0 I
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.6 v* X: ]( F0 q* \" g5 t
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
. r7 g; ]+ Y) r1 WBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
$ T' O, f$ {, c4 n: n- o(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)3 n- a* a# `- D! o! K% b
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
8 K& E" H* y; J* f* F(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
* G2 \4 F9 d3 n' tYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.8 b0 H# o% u2 _0 y
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)' _0 Y$ M1 s4 U% M! o$ C( v  i
(9)doubting Thomas:
3 l( v- A( x9 k& U! }/ A7 f这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
( X: T% Q. P: e* D& `(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)( ~5 L! ^9 f/ `, m/ x1 `
(当名词用)3 u3 G/ L1 N) K( c7 a
例如:
5 [5 {- n) n  k$ EI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.3 ]' w; f! h7 c  G  `
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
; S1 d& o/ W6 {# q# ?0 DThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.- Z" f" e0 h  |$ T! o
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
! ?4 C7 k1 L& b- R4 K8 g# P! }也可用复数:
6 y$ q, u' m3 b- i0 p! vMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.6 P( F+ c# R4 H$ f4 t8 r5 S8 o
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
3 M/ m! N( M7 c+ w( R4 M  AIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.& m7 m; W+ X& T# G; G# j
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)* M9 F5 R. C, F4 f  h; B
(10)dragon lady:0 e% g7 [' _4 n6 w$ H
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
9 K4 H9 J. Y. E& k例如:# k, r* [2 h3 S6 N8 O
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
8 T5 m5 W& q' }(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)- o; k  W" \% L) V% P% n+ Y1 w
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.; Q5 Q7 G; p: i; S0 d
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。). L6 U8 {' q, y
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
% e/ _" Q$ s, d$ c(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
: @7 Y1 n; s. f" ?; q也可用复数:
! Y% u" P. D# K4 ^3 V0 a5 L, cThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.* C! X% A/ r+ p4 k& E  d) I! S
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)9 o3 s: E- s, A- G# n
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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