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谈英语俚语3 g) r6 _4 _( o |7 I1 ?2 y2 A
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
' Y& L' k3 j* a之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。) C l3 F3 K, s4 c; _' V6 \- z
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!7 y8 N: V# O0 S ]& H& {( ]3 s/ z7 J
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(1) empty suit:5 S% F2 U3 y+ `: ^+ F- g3 }
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。3 B; V3 W7 s. w, D- U* P, k# _
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
. _0 F% O6 |3 C# X; M5 P例如:) Q b3 c0 m$ Z9 o
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.# j7 j# T' U* h; W9 V2 I, [
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
: M, S" C% p1 h$ N; a$ bMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.% @' S* ]0 v9 w- L! ~& v! Z
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
8 N1 }, P; |, D6 G: G- Z虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
* u3 @6 ^: q3 ? oThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.1 {0 g% q4 D# s& P8 ^0 C, K
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)2 c# s+ q8 d% u1 S
(2) fair-haired boy:
; [ y4 D) b* p( B* v4 l5 p指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
" n# W" t7 c% }9 j(通常用单数,当名词用)
( h: ?, e, a" _4 |2 I9 \" ?+ h例如:
. m% @ \4 ]) ?- L s6 H7 kMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.7 k P* e9 q* H4 P( }+ Z
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)1 t% o' u, i9 u5 Y6 T. y
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.$ e. d3 w! `9 G v8 d
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
`* a5 r4 R/ W2 l2 g有时也可用复数:4 O, u H: W, G5 \' S5 }3 m1 v
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
6 y. S" l* }9 F- M, X! J$ q5 M8 Q5 z(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
( W5 W" h2 A/ r4 iFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.( E/ {4 i6 S) ~6 b/ E" H i& B
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
7 @) p% r7 }, a& ~: I(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法). f( v3 H& I, k+ Y- j" ^
(3) fishing expedition:" ^& ?2 E: Y M' M
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
& f. R6 U+ Y/ F+ W3 ]% x4 S(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)7 ]: M" \1 W3 _+ F. {1 t* a
例如:
9 B D) [, T- _2 e3 HThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.& [- b+ X; {% A' U' v
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)$ S- ~* y3 i7 y3 {- B( R" \( c- v
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
- |6 ]9 O, F: W7 k5 |5 v2 k- P(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)+ ?0 R+ n- @4 }% ?1 i$ x, }
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
! q" i2 R6 x' {0 ]% FThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
8 x. ]1 h3 e& B! @( l6 d(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
! {3 [9 O! w; w! c% C3 e2 g9 r偶尔也有人用复数:
+ O1 Y: ]2 }+ o* uSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
" b L3 M/ z8 V" |7 [(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
$ u5 L: `% {7 @* Y(4) filthy rich:
- \( C! ~1 P3 F0 _$ T7 C5 }意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
4 X& l% }& n# k(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)0 Z5 c# V8 C6 M) m
多半当形容词用。例如:
7 `. l* Q4 M7 A: w6 H8 _With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
" \8 V: d G+ p* t% ^7 H) [4 ~, q( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)- S' m6 z) Q" Q" ^' [
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
" G& v) @8 g6 q(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)/ T8 d0 j* c( x9 H' f3 C
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.0 {( O" ~3 G: l5 {& i
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)3 f. A% [4 |" w' x4 \4 \7 ^; d
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.. ^8 z* M- Q* L
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)' T, z$ ?9 c7 |3 ]6 b' n
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)- }5 d- X5 g$ d" ^! F/ [
(5) fairy godmother:8 A" {9 G8 V, q2 @$ d
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
4 f, ~6 ?5 s8 W' r' x4 x2 n# ^0 v9 @7 J(多半指有钱的女人)/ |5 ^" w J3 y; a
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
/ o/ y; J0 D U; ?% mMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.! |$ y5 j; W2 R& \2 u
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
7 A; D$ V# p7 BAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother./ x& [% u& B; J2 B; g
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
8 \: i/ X6 h }; K+ ?) J4 A有时也用复数:
+ ~4 s8 z4 T9 ?5 S8 _Only business women can act as fairy godmothers. Q% v. ^! G# O) `: k
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。), W1 Y' I9 x' z8 j' l7 H
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
6 }( a) a/ N7 U; s; b: c. E) _(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:+ x3 r. A4 [* A8 @
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)* I" @/ q2 y. i4 e2 I
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
9 X% w$ c: S( }2 Y: |) q例如:
2 Z7 h R7 T1 Q4 rYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.2 w0 a- V1 J! ]7 k/ e7 t; L S5 L
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
- I/ U6 T- I. h7 d/ q8 [1 ^) DMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener." M* Q% {- T$ M2 v) \+ | a) R
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
5 Q' S% g: `" o# U3 E' @" S0 hThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
: l; ?; \1 C; U7 q" Y- U' ^* l& |6 d(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
/ t. W0 ?2 @* X+ {# h; r0 n" wSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.' B+ u) Y6 M% X9 N9 a
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)) _: k& ~& X. p% x- \0 {2 p/ a# j
(7) hot dog:
, l4 P4 c! G T" J& v指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
! I8 H( H+ d2 ^+ L& t例如:
* U5 V* O( E- |# L7 W! sSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.' m( o: w4 t& g$ {# I5 l# C
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
8 ?5 F. G3 [5 _2 m+ X k" G$ d(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)2 c2 P/ a" t# [1 e
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
; h1 P' Q& H( _/ |! G9 N8 } t(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)7 W3 k' U; I, w# T3 g
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
1 C2 D1 E' o; _% ?During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.0 D* u& B5 V" t! R$ E: ~
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)5 e0 ?: n$ A$ m
也指真正的热狗食物:
( ~6 K/ H+ Y) R1 A- x& T3 LThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
, {; C3 c) x/ K/ g5 E1 z6 X(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
3 l. P$ h/ b; Z& @& U& a0 q) I也可表达欣赏的心情:' h* m. B# z9 Q# E, w( A
Hot dog ! What great news for me.+ e, M4 I7 Z, u" m; @' i. @* O& W) y
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。); ~# r- G* A0 Y# @0 C4 _. f
(8)eager beaver:$ |' U& y! W% D6 j3 W' G
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)- N3 l: M Z" ]! n; _
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)5 X* q0 [( G8 G1 \- @2 m6 V
(当名词用,可指男女)8 r) ~: P: b* L* ^- @' F" r
例如:! |/ z0 @# O0 m: t
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.# y2 g, D. ?# |
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)2 N. k# k0 S; e) Q3 E+ n5 \
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.; x7 J0 L' R6 n/ I$ z+ F
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
a% x2 A/ b/ ^% eDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
6 }* A% r v7 e! t% ^(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
5 C! t4 o7 F) _+ T7 F0 T/ t& NYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
4 ~( R$ @) z, ^(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
# _/ I3 w# J3 H4 I2 t0 B% f7 w(9)doubting Thomas:+ F5 M$ y; z r$ n
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
7 f9 z3 u& [9 {, t0 g(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
: N* z. c, \4 K/ i$ F(当名词用)
5 Y$ I( n K( R5 I# p, V例如:
. }- h. ]8 C8 e+ j* n, II am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.. K. v& ~7 b' [3 l
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
( M0 e$ W0 Q6 CThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.4 g$ F2 \1 [" F
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
0 n# h: L+ B; R" ?, S/ a5 I ~! E也可用复数:
# x7 ?" _) \3 d' I5 FMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
; L7 |* S0 d. |4 a$ a$ ?(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
3 R% c" ~' B! G7 \! o" g. J7 C% ]If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
H! J' {* q) r' J# w1 R) h(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)' T. {' s" X" p: J/ Z
(10)dragon lady:' h, p( A4 A+ Q
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
) X* |6 ?, t5 f9 {/ x5 }* ~例如:
7 [3 f( U( d2 Z! J" }The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
) {+ ?6 y, l i A" n- t1 h(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
. B$ @/ d$ F u! {/ rI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
C4 N4 N. B: J y7 `. g(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
- g5 P+ P; w- W. A" _- IShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?' V. x2 k) v! ?. O' P- ]
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
1 `. r9 X# |' @! E, ^/ o也可用复数:
9 A6 w2 a2 [2 N( wThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.8 q2 `# ^& n& x7 [* o) j7 v# ?
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
- H0 {1 @. b' Z" l注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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