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Accounting system 会计系统 o/ `) U& Q! A& a, _3 K
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 - x, P7 M; S5 y3 u4 I
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 * [# C7 x- [6 q" t" U
Audit 审计
7 T% Y; |5 I8 ?+ \Balance sheet 资产负债表 6 ~' X% M8 K- k& S1 t
Bookkeepking 簿记 ' B S5 P. ]( M( G u1 R
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 & g5 Z0 U8 n* [5 @, L2 c/ R% J
Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 . F5 B( N" |/ ?' K7 W8 _. b
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 ( U& v: y. n/ t/ P }, J% Q+ p4 j4 e6 B
Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师
( T4 [; |; w, o k$ v% W' aCost accounting 成本会计
/ e i. S1 J# L, V0 ]" X$ T+ vExternal users 外部使用者 / h# \& r7 d/ Z2 y& g
Financial accounting 财务会计 * W. C3 H6 ~1 z5 g
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 $ m# }( _5 l3 y$ C% t: \3 [, k/ s5 w
Financial forecast 财务预测 + X; ^, N) _" ` ]: H9 r+ ^
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 : G/ T+ { l* d A& |8 X
General-purpose information 通用目的信息
! @' Z5 j# a1 A: }Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室 7 L4 A& X6 J; t, m
Income statement 损益表
" M5 u6 m0 e3 }' S+ c. @Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
3 o; Z0 J e# k) O8 aInstitute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会
8 c, g/ l" {) BIntegrity 整合性 . k9 X: s: W/ U& v$ z
Internal auditing 内部审计 ( r9 N& J6 Z K, k; f- }
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
4 A" @! a' p& o( O" V- c; }Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
+ E# H: P" p. M* ], zInternal users 内部使用者
b, X7 W- M* s$ HManagement accounting 管理会计 . A$ f' X9 _" U2 V z, X
Return of investment 投资回报
# \8 a% E: n# M* }8 }& OReturn on investment 投资报酬
: \. q4 M, D7 d9 nSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会 + e8 n4 G- U2 f1 h7 i6 L
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
! m" f! O: `1 {: [Statement of financial position 财务状况表
$ n6 n$ }" Q' xTax accounting 税务会计 ' W' @0 l$ u- ?. T" X5 w
Accounting equation 会计等式
+ U; r! w+ u' {. h7 e2 ^2 _4 Y) \6 \Articulation 勾稽关系
: h3 f# V+ o; RAssets 资产
! T9 `) [. V) r6 R7 t* HBusiness entity 企业个体
$ h* r. H( }% f; [' k: DCapital stock 股本
. m D& @& V r( l7 J; g# oCorporation 公司
' q$ |0 O& [8 [& XCost principle 成本原则 ) U1 i' u% J, W! L
Creditor 债权人 8 T* q* Y% F; z4 ~ S& l1 J4 a! C
Deflation 通货紧缩 6 [* D% x% [, i/ X5 M
Disclosure 批露
! P+ i) B: o b4 e: g' e8 UExpenses 费用
b& H- Q0 R( f1 q4 a, pFinancial statement 财务报表
* A( M6 P" d- S* vFinancial activities 筹资活动
U9 _$ K) Y) g# DGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设
( W; x' `; V* C5 g+ z$ IInflation 通货膨涨 3 E& m* Z: {8 p2 C" A( ~7 E, B
Investing activities 投资活动
E: t) S# A3 oLiabilities 负债
$ ?7 q+ p( a/ X- F* \: PNegative cash flow 负现金流量 3 f/ {! J/ e0 [: J
Operating activities 经营活动
2 G! G) {) y0 h1 [8 oOwner's equity 所有者权益
3 I1 M& }% X5 u. c! g; X* u1 BPartnership 合伙企业
h& @4 B g. J, S! h8 GPositive cash flow 正现金流量
- X3 p* T& C# Q4 ?4 M7 E" I1 A3 u; ERetained earning 留存利润
9 ~8 q- T# X1 t/ p' h/ P. hRevenue 收入 5 _! ^% c1 y, U" G4 c5 i6 z
Sole proprietorship 独资企业 & A; G6 ?- C- M& n
Solvency 清偿能力 4 I! t p' U5 {1 L$ h; {
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
7 _" P8 k/ q3 k: kStockholders 股东
- v5 |+ K* p* E" n5 ~0 v H; KStockholders' equity 股东权益 # [4 |/ j4 X& |2 D
Window dressing 门面粉饰
4 y5 X f0 v4 T4 |, ^3 v: ]Account 帐户
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& V2 O' l/ q$ W4 \# \主营业务收入 Sales 7 T' h' ~! P- o8 E! e
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance 2 e, s+ }( e% m- k
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产品销售收入净额 NET SALES
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主营业务成本 Cost of sales
8 H$ k% J7 ?+ t+ b# J- B6 g主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax 8 _. I1 d- a5 L3 K
1 {! S4 L& F6 A主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT
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d/ @- \4 t$ ^. f: v' u5 d, w J其他业务利润 Other operating profit
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营业费用 Operating expenses
7 a4 F) T# W7 U5 V2 ~" J M管理费用 General and administrative expenses : k" l1 C$ e0 w1 n+ J1 i `
财务费用 Financial expenses 2 S5 Z9 _+ _; G' ~2 ?5 J4 C
存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks $ d; {2 r. n" j
) t* E; F9 i& v( s) }+ R营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
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投资收益 Investment income
& }7 R$ M* A1 A+ z0 h6 s补贴收入 Subsidy income
1 S7 a; s* ~0 z' k% s营业外收入 Non-operating income , r5 P; f& i% \) P6 Z4 ?$ W
营业外支出 Non-operating expenses 2 t* M5 v+ i& M9 T W& a
以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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4 x& ? x0 U6 {' u2 s& c利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR
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所得税 Income tax , V2 X% p+ _8 o/ \3 M
6 I0 g- }, H0 U' N" T2 C本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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