 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢! 8 ?7 x) p" S1 x6 ?
8 ?; b3 k0 M8 H5 I
一、厕所 0 ^/ C/ r8 Q6 ~# [
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
" x1 X& Y* u$ f9 X3 E2 `2 v8 R
& g8 M5 y& p ^! b 二、解小便 S) L7 q2 `9 I
最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: 6 H$ T# U! H# E7 }
Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
9 Y' }: p* s3 Y6 l% g, R6 |$ E% E3 r7 d
医生或许也会问:
/ C4 W& c" q% C& M Do you have trouble urinating? + U; \4 c- S7 i+ w" L
=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) 4 |+ S8 E) r& H) @* j9 T; X3 w
4 ^# K% X7 b# w5 q
此外,还有其他的说法: 6 \) Y; Z! @* h% @' N$ ?
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
' @8 r+ Q1 i" `2 u# L* b * I need to piss = I have to take a leak. 0 I" j) B/ h# x$ m ?
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) C2 ~8 t6 T$ l! g9 R8 B z( }
; q$ B! {8 c! ~ 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: % [( I5 s- `) l) H% `0 J k1 s- N
* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site. % i% @4 A6 t* R9 { n
在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。
) P( D& S. b2 u" ^- e+ K. u* c# k7 q! x
* He went to the john a few minutes ago. 1 } E& q6 R% w
他在几分钟前上了厕所。 . S ~9 p7 a8 N
7 }) I. u) |! E" L
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.
( F8 m( n5 [8 D2 `9 [ 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。 ' M* ~, t: F2 e0 i0 |
4 y- i. k! U& H/ ]& U 不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:
. w2 E9 O' M$ R * The boy needs to pee.
- Y! m- i6 d& T& m1 f
3 T+ u& J0 ]1 o( S- @) N0 a" D. ~/ Z 然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: + h9 [. I9 [) E; u" H E I
* Do I need a urine test? 7 v$ g8 D0 \& o" i) c* j
% g3 |/ l0 k: X6 D" B9 H 注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:
3 }- s* Y- B7 q * He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
( |8 k' n# Z1 C6 G * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满)
- u1 i x& u7 h2 `( v, o5 D: ]
3 K7 |( b/ `- w 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
5 I$ g- s+ F' D0 H: c8 r' g * My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) 1 g" d/ f3 X3 G4 u
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
* w E3 K1 p: J) t1 m * I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
; P8 t5 X; _ ? * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少) 3 f! _1 o6 r! P( O" P
6 H1 h3 s$ t, L7 k& `4 n: N& _
三、解大便 2 @) h- X+ ^, \, B& D' @9 ?/ c
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法:
! J, m6 a% t" t: p2 S" S to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)
2 T3 c$ F9 G( V) T =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
* e" H) H9 F. U8 m- k( W& g * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) : y" R v D5 q W" b+ k
- _/ w! z5 J/ ^9 S; \7 Z
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
* M0 A1 Q3 u, Q6 W1 q# W * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
! I) B' ?6 _& _; x8 }
# m+ a0 v% S8 {+ S 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:
: Q+ n# C Q+ V/ |) D, ~: ~ * The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) Z' @* z9 P7 r+ l: z
( l' g' ]4 j6 n/ {& A* b, E 四、放屁 5 M+ K4 b6 f" J6 S7 q) |4 i% f
在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问:
4 t; f6 c+ ?- v6 b6 S How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? - F I; p5 J& G) ]% B% Q4 G
你放屁的次数很多吗? 4 q% A3 ?. X4 n2 p
* Is the gas expelled by belching?
: N1 ^' U w2 L 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) 1 i4 ^( C2 |. H# M) m! U6 M
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
% D ]/ a* X# ?" y* W2 G& ~ 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 , ]6 |& Q3 b' X- \
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
( D' \4 Z1 b* E7 S8 a* V% f4 f 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。
% G6 h1 R0 `8 `/ I. r- B4 g7 y * Be careful not to fart in the public.
0 r* N8 g- o/ _. \- e 注意在公共场所不可放屁。
# h) i! ~% C' ^ _7 a) V7 c! g8 V5 Z8 w# |
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如: ) G# M6 u/ q J
* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良)
! i: r# K4 S: T, p( h. e& ^2 q! G = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. 0 S8 G: u( g$ r' A# _
注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
7 t1 e ]( w4 ]: `1 Q; _
) l" m9 `" ^1 h: b- R% T5 } * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. # T, d1 o! h4 J7 [$ a" ]
胃不舒服有两星期了。)
8 y8 u, Y9 w1 t6 S * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
# Y f% M' M! T 他经常便秘。) 或
& @4 F* D5 E, N3 n% F W# }0 H * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 . x" N ]' R' v0 e
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
) C; G* R3 L2 Z0 c2 X) I * He has no bowel movement for the past few days. , F$ ^7 ~2 L* h& U7 p, `
# }# H! N9 f1 t R* e# ? * He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
. V, m5 V9 N0 k3 i! x5 p8 H% m 他拉了一阵肚子。 4 J$ B8 Z8 j( X& o ?$ d
* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)
0 @( x( R4 C( S 大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|