 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
4 o$ [! P" @; j( wInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the6 z1 n+ w3 ~# ]* Q
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
% a4 ^9 _$ A/ R$ B) A7 vand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial8 v! B: U! Y& U/ u! z6 g6 r
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of* {. m9 v2 U4 S o2 a! _# i# n
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). W7 O4 v3 {7 X2 [
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=' {2 v) L- _, w
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
/ E0 A1 j9 N g(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving. M5 _$ k7 G% ]1 M% J0 K& ~
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 S' L+ x! j$ ~2 }* W
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset% W$ T( g' [' J
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
6 v9 z7 O3 @3 }& csegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
1 Y; v/ T, I" `/ o, v! t6 \semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! L5 ?# f. t* S6 Iend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In9 ^/ o- q) o$ o6 {- Q W5 B/ F7 f
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,& I) P: Y8 |5 m* y7 w
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
2 f8 a1 q. s M m
; h/ G! g! {) a2 h3 h' O: k0 f(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ @ \6 N6 L7 g& o, V1 \and American speakers of English, |
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