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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof: 0 G* V/ I9 l7 o# _/ j4 y
Let n >1 be an integer
3 Q3 H5 P1 Z+ TBasis: (n=2)
% R/ |' ?0 W- ~* y 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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: l7 E4 Z% j. r) zInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that! J& g/ J6 S* j g. v( W
K^3 – K can by divided by 3., Z, E2 W- g4 x6 W
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
1 t; O1 z! T# c7 V5 b. z' M7 u3 hsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
+ L0 Z: n' [% U, _; R: yThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)2 Y V% _9 W! L/ I' ~+ A, w# Z# s
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
: V! j& o' y3 A = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)" |" a v' `) \& t
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
& d! a5 q8 d8 U' b# Oby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
3 q d" f0 Z" F4 F. KSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
$ R U9 w- T1 C* J% ?1 ~ = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
$ U2 H6 f `* Y3 S. L = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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l8 w8 T4 p, ]* F% G+ wConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.4 U) e( e Z: l3 l
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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