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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 2 n( u" ^" N* R2 d
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
8 v4 z0 p( _3 A& _- f! _5 @YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of! A$ C) @0 e1 m3 W o8 v* d3 `
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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* L, n0 H4 H* I d( HLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
, m% `& I2 l! D, H2 m; VFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
" j ~) W- `( ^ W- w' }( s7 G' }7 m* H6 `4 h( [: n6 W& h: X9 S' Y1 e
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
4 v" a+ B; ~1 }2 `$ sReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018. y& ~: {& X+ A2 W1 J. B; C/ R
Published online 26 January 2018
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5 W# f, x; k3 E0 Z* S2 uAbstract
* T/ O: C7 v+ RJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing7 n2 j& x4 r) ]. i( ?( L
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
7 V2 O3 |$ U; ETranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been2 {/ E, A- X0 f2 ~6 I
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not4 V, t3 c5 S+ Q+ e7 z4 z& A% S
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific+ o6 a& O+ x( I/ `6 u
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly% }. m* {: P0 _6 R' Y
to the standardization of the scientific terminology; \- r4 j$ ^& y8 B! ?' O. B6 Y7 r
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s8 O7 y( @3 m. [7 F: K) ^, }
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
% `. e6 U' |6 [7 zand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
/ f# W, J1 U% J5 r: ustandardization of the scientific terminology translation
$ W/ k$ T5 G+ n3 _! ]4 Qin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
9 B9 e0 X/ H$ f, D+ she established had helped greatly with the popularization
! w$ l, D) t( x3 Wof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring, v0 E$ k+ N" d$ ~5 e5 t, T
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way4 W$ l, k6 E& m9 ~ L' i1 d% g9 ]
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
, N3 P* z4 j) Z* [+ f5 C! Ythat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
- [- P! G+ `: Igreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific5 r. x) E# A' i4 U0 h
terminology." [4 r8 S* D; E: ]' g; s
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
3 J8 b) `3 c9 ZStandardization of terminology translation
8 m( S, _( u$ [Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
; f; V' `3 x, `" ^3 e9 ]8 P) W ~Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern- z/ R7 J9 \# w9 M. j& r
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available4 L% D5 c6 j/ K6 ?
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102135 x* ]( R+ ?+ d8 A1 g, i
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213" U% j' z ]# e0 _+ S: t% N& C/ Y
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, @) z9 ?& a# QINTRODUCTION
# N3 V3 Y' B! L: N0 d3 P% @John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and) E( o$ c/ A; A+ e2 ]
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).* X9 a7 @: J1 x& F
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to- e0 d: ~! F2 B, M$ }% d* `
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
4 y1 Y4 f7 r+ Q7 k! N/ eSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
0 @$ ^8 [1 f& J; r L9 i/ eby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
4 O" _8 f' E5 b" P5 \: x% S. nan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
- x( T6 |% \; N+ X2 Ehis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-/ E/ r! f8 x, y9 i
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
% P/ \$ H1 I1 s) _, {3 ~" l3 ]works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner," z# x. m- R# H' t; e5 U* ~
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
3 v) A2 F& L2 z. v' f) f& P: VNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated; V) ~# n; R: J4 c2 a: j& m# p
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant- N7 S5 E+ F: T4 }0 g
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,1 i& b5 J: N, @! @
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,* Z: p8 J; s, p6 Q: w
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
# W/ y$ c/ n# x. i+ fbooks that made him the most productive one among the
" ?: j0 A) s2 a6 `foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,% V2 Y$ o" a- {( |0 S- }1 P
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a+ o6 ?& z9 P! x! G, J. E+ f
noble work which could help accelerate the process of* I4 j8 Q4 l& b' `9 d1 X( t( b b
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
* X; b" k4 {% w3 k Q6 V) c4 ~8 FIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer1 h0 G7 m% m3 c4 V6 _9 p0 `
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
) w5 G: R j& p0 Mscience and the standardization of translated scientific( a7 t0 o& ~2 g8 _1 f3 @( x, K
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
6 ~( k5 r1 W( ~3 m) qmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the, K+ I1 C# y. n. R; t$ B2 M7 I5 \8 m
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another/ S9 ~6 h6 K. N$ g
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
( C4 o" R0 i4 ^1 }% {3 R0 Uof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in2 Y' Y$ z) T6 u# G: Y% ?% p- J
Modern China.6 t* V7 a9 L8 P% Q( Z7 Q
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
, O: Y; ~) V+ h0 H/ z* ?The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
# B4 L" r5 ~, N0 Z, wtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
3 r( c4 D" C/ h, ra lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
/ H- B- J' F) X- m% [6 k; AJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
) k# z4 D6 }; i1 U8 wTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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