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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
5 ^& A9 M* u+ c) mYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 F3 `% F/ M7 `3 q- r; O1 k
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China., ^& ]0 G& y* A" H( p
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
; }& { \1 r* T6 J; y( E; W2 ]Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.9 q( \$ d4 t) S) f) [" E2 g0 a
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
& |+ u/ _. Y8 B2 }Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
1 I/ A& p! r: U$ w; D: ]Published online 26 January 20186 a# M$ Z1 o( P7 X3 N% C
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4 @; j4 ]: ?* R( zAbstract
4 O8 O6 M0 {7 r5 w/ p7 ^8 {3 m' ZJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
2 S$ A; s. |9 C+ zDynasty who came to China and was employed by The* w/ e& X7 }$ G# ]
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been& X- n1 y7 U; G3 P! i, d% ^
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not' n. K1 e# E+ \0 X: t
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
3 v5 D$ c: t: l* ?7 ?works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
# e$ ^1 G: ^4 } k# c3 cto the standardization of the scientific terminology
/ l- s4 ` z4 Q! T( R4 \# I0 htranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
: g9 h6 ^0 E$ l1 r8 E- Y) zscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,$ G4 P6 H, N {) r% W6 k
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the- v/ _" y, L2 m- m1 J, A( b
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
6 i$ Y, ?- C$ ]- U$ Z" Min Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien# L! v* m" D) {- P$ x; v9 F+ Z
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
4 O' [, @5 i- H6 t$ v/ O- eof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
0 b$ _- H( {6 H5 `+ v& sthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
9 a. p$ l& @% K* u ]/ Efor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and' `. |$ F' f! i1 e$ J
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a# Q3 V2 k# H$ v, h+ x
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific4 }8 l3 y( U W& A
terminology.4 r' K5 N$ i+ v. b% s
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;. o2 W: @8 y) F5 U8 R6 L
Standardization of terminology translation
/ J9 a; d+ i" I& cYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
( H% z7 ~$ p# D2 cStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern0 Z7 @) Y" E' a7 x' s, w" L7 p0 ~& L$ i
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available" ?. l& d: e' z3 L- `+ Z
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
: k4 U$ m# Y- }6 u; p* ]DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
# G2 g& j9 T9 ?& |7 X) gJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and, y1 w( h- z+ j/ G
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
f: m4 Y9 G# {Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to2 c2 c6 o5 X" _# o
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
* j9 |" S+ d( B4 v* q& Y$ Y% RSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
- m6 l" ?9 t, k8 yby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as& Q [6 J9 p' D. m, U5 Q' [
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
1 L; E+ G+ Q) n3 M, D- l6 Hhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-5 O/ N) C3 k# T7 k x2 F2 r( R
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
% \, J1 a1 ~5 iworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,& l3 x1 C W% \6 m5 T9 r$ y/ i
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.. \2 v2 M8 a r8 ~ K+ Z! n
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
9 V7 m e) k# c$ Q# z1 Y4 v! I! T; eto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
" m) F6 I; M/ J( {would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
" Z4 ]; P+ l* r# l' J7 L& h3 Drevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
& p8 ?. U) s2 b+ YFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
# ]/ q$ h- M1 g( [books that made him the most productive one among the
6 o) ]$ i2 E6 B* d- q+ uforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
+ D. R' Z3 k. |0 x1 V) `" u/ d* ytranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a/ c% S# J0 q. S! }" Q. v- a8 B( ?
noble work which could help accelerate the process of8 _# n* _$ _+ v. ^4 w0 Z
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
4 S7 n* u* j1 X5 P, m. xIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
( b8 o% r$ D; Kalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
5 r9 j' a! V: F5 T' E) b" x0 p/ tscience and the standardization of translated scientific1 o" `: Q* E d$ E6 U
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
" p: o6 I0 d( D _ ~* l4 amagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
; I- N! U0 m8 F7 B# P6 T8 zestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
! @1 |2 W/ @3 j: econtribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
1 X4 i7 M, O) o5 o7 i+ xof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
" P( A1 I$ S. }7 n7 EModern China.
: f$ z7 @) G t9 CAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
) q3 u- Z+ k" m0 C4 O. Z( Z% l* eThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of4 N+ u, o2 V4 f- G y: J' A
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing9 h. }& y- Z" I L6 I) t5 \& z. T- M
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
0 D& T5 Y* j. C8 kJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
' U! B' ]3 n& P9 Y/ i: Y1 mTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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