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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 9 B0 ?9 ?1 F% n' `( y: w0 S
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China" m7 G) @: b7 Z3 q) p, B
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
) ?+ S! d% `+ oFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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6 j( g* h8 W% `/ t- S2 l0 WLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
' Q% {7 [+ x `0 n/ m. PFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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- L5 M9 z! ?2 a+ f5 C' X% R' I5 VSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
8 w5 L4 k2 `2 k) i* M2 Z- pReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
: ^0 \; v$ A( a3 _Published online 26 January 2018. y4 s2 L4 X3 O( _" s0 u& A
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8 W$ z7 u1 e6 P0 DAbstract0 z( W, o% A4 x! J, ^& e
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
6 _8 a) I5 }, y) Q) p- {/ |Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The- t: w: Q- H/ x9 m; K) H! H
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been( d' o/ m8 X# ^1 Q, o+ b
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not8 S/ `) U( }* @! F7 P! ^# R
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific9 ~- v$ |! z5 ^' f3 \4 U+ w \; J7 z
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly7 H" E6 y' O& @4 u
to the standardization of the scientific terminology8 X4 ~6 {/ O4 s2 C$ _
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
/ T( f X- X5 Rscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,9 a6 s9 q. \2 Q4 p- `8 F! u1 \
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
% Q+ M- j! i& E7 p% [) J8 Tstandardization of the scientific terminology translation+ A1 r: Q; y8 Q4 }) [$ X& K& i
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien* _$ R. ]& L! u1 e2 _ A7 X8 ]
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
6 \' q, d% d. [4 _8 Gof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
4 v4 D; x5 a! ?; ?% _9 s" q; x7 `the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
$ G) E+ f+ |- L1 i6 Ofor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and5 i V* j. A% z$ ^, `) a i v
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a7 m2 @. u( M" l( {& q
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific& V$ h8 f! L0 t( Q- a0 v
terminology.
% R3 m& e4 ^. y: q6 n) @Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
; D/ X c6 X! X6 nStandardization of terminology translation5 K6 P, D1 D( k, u
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
0 h4 D6 s; l5 k7 ^Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
- z, E2 q2 V8 t9 }2 i4 k8 |China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
) N( P6 y0 u5 A. ~ Z8 z( Q Bfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213' j M2 A2 i; A+ V
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213% Z# S; b! E( Y7 l8 o
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% }: O, a' V" C& GINTRODUCTION
, @9 o, Q) A. v/ jJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and4 v& j7 c/ q: |( n5 k
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).+ d; n( ]- v" Q- U1 s- O: s+ {
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to* Q+ k) f! N t+ G0 e% z
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of% S; V: w% N7 p, y u
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
0 m" R5 l: E) G. ^; sby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
9 u" X! U3 \7 |! ban editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on: ~( B# b2 X* |* C. s$ O; R! {
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-! w- s2 N4 Y- _% P' ^9 |( I
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
* y9 p) h6 W U" Uworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
7 V) V2 T- S2 O1 N' l- [: S; r# WFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
$ R- P* I1 _# n7 }: }- BNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated" M& H! e& j$ n/ T8 k; W
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant. }+ f, K' D2 f# ?. T9 j2 v1 ~
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 H- V- B% b o$ S4 @
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
/ G4 y; L: O- rFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
! r" {/ C" A; j9 E( |books that made him the most productive one among the: ~, {9 Z$ W8 p8 D' Y. K% g
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,3 d0 e3 b3 q! C, s" r
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
- l- a0 E" }5 e, d! [noble work which could help accelerate the process of
1 e% I5 i! T# v# Rpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
# R7 p" d, y3 D: i* d2 b* XIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
( z/ n: L9 r. c& w; ^5 Jalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
m+ s. s1 j) ]/ O7 L9 dscience and the standardization of translated scientific( M. o% T% {" g; h
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
# B# ?0 W* u% F1 x8 @2 ^8 O. Y% T6 Wmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the& {/ A, \2 w+ P! r7 T2 W
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
/ j9 N1 N7 ^3 S1 x+ bcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series( K/ `1 @0 G/ X3 I4 k
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in% p$ M: x0 e! g( [0 t" W
Modern China.4 c/ D) b I% m7 l4 B
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
; L1 q" Q8 J& rThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of0 f4 f( x! u6 y. G, d3 ]' O
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing- L3 E' _, f' E4 S/ J, f
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
8 D& l B. d/ Y* n+ L0 i! l* aJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and! Z$ R& G+ r& e @
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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