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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 / j# j. m. V5 s( f. L' H
& s' j$ Z" K* Y5 zhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China/ ~7 \5 h6 M7 o6 R7 |7 Z
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of! a" s1 J9 P: I- l
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
# [3 w5 i) ]4 R3 g. ~" h) Y% {
' _ g. B/ g; ]( M1 ^ yLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 t, j: u4 x: y( v
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
8 W3 L& R/ K9 @ H( O1 G% [Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
9 `2 A2 ? H. H- S4 W& gPublished online 26 January 2018, b' y- {$ E" V
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( T8 O& i& i( SAbstract
3 S0 _# [7 `0 N# _* mJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
0 K" m; h7 _. H. Y! F) ZDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
& p; q+ K6 S9 D/ i5 i$ k& H+ GTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been$ n; c5 o( e8 |2 m
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not" a1 o3 a$ v1 w) _, C' [
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific5 @+ r4 y: T5 I. R W6 o
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly; q, P0 q6 O8 l) H
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
! x+ ^ @% j/ b9 C9 j/ ^9 d) y1 M2 ttranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s: L( b* T. ~: s6 T
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,0 i4 X% {$ S$ V9 x% l9 k. f# X
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
! j5 x; U# n/ N" s( d1 s# ?standardization of the scientific terminology translation
( i7 I% b" ]8 pin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
: v0 f' x7 o: m4 g6 G7 p7 a: t' Uhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
) \' A+ ~1 J! B) f- Mof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
6 _% A; T4 }7 {; |3 Lthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way! A- O8 S9 g( R6 v& u8 }% h
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and# @5 R3 n6 p$ [5 O' H& }" h4 D
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
( t! L, z# d# W* Bgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
" e$ T7 L8 t7 g2 r2 ~* b/ y( cterminology.
, E& p+ \4 d& Z* D8 q6 oKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;1 C0 J& G% { d( U3 G$ r" G0 @
Standardization of terminology translation
, \: C2 C7 y+ O( q9 KYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to, x& A4 O1 G/ Y3 a, l. W
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
6 l- K5 {4 q- l" I, `, k$ `China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
* D4 p0 Y' M9 `* s8 Rfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213; I2 k, m/ t; |6 ?: K8 [$ N/ t& _# u
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION( V! R" r# x+ A1 F; |9 V
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and$ c5 Q% x/ j: c8 T8 N2 E
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).' B0 `* } V) H9 V4 I; x. G. x
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to# C/ M. X5 b& G
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of8 X2 \( }8 M. I4 d) A
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
2 t, `& t3 P' A0 vby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
% r' |: O: K8 aan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on: e8 L* L1 m |7 M8 ? G
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
: ~/ z7 u9 S w( b9 P% `' f3 i3 M+ d1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
7 N5 J1 B* G( |' |: Jworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
4 p' Z5 @/ g! j1 ^. f8 t% ~Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.! R# \+ q! p0 Q, U- h
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
* v9 [7 v. ^' d0 G* }' Bto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
: K9 _' v9 X* c5 r Owould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,0 e# A3 g3 O! m9 g3 G
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
8 K$ ^7 { X' M8 m/ P8 x: Z+ [Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western6 x, [- @0 L! F, g, n
books that made him the most productive one among the5 g' H7 R$ f3 ?
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
% `2 B* b7 O9 q n# X$ G% L# ~translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
2 I6 H$ z. F; wnoble work which could help accelerate the process of" s9 e! J( I' ^9 h# _) N
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).+ A" V# R$ U3 M- s
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
! [' a6 G8 t# F& ?7 p9 Q' ealso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
$ c- J/ I( h+ s% J+ q9 [' u# mscience and the standardization of translated scientific
' Q" w: o9 M& o8 i# I$ Hterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific% C: K" {( ]6 `5 N( |& Q" |7 h
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
. s V" ]+ V: restablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
B# w X8 }7 C! z) m- \contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series7 F) Q+ V, i# V, g
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
C2 [0 c; j) D4 c# H( t/ `2 K' LModern China.
O5 d# ^# |' ~7 g8 _. TAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published) i5 L, X. q) e: q( ]
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
8 T- N. w1 l |& N* U, qtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing* Q4 d! e1 [' q6 Z6 l# u& d
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In, g. Q$ r0 |" E4 a. z
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and) I, q. _5 S$ J# H# f
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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