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How to figure a home's fundamental value2 O8 k% u4 E( Z8 x2 g3 x8 f) t
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.2 R9 g0 L a+ h9 ]! @
! @/ l6 a* E n" w, ~Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.0 e5 } A8 V$ y3 V% G2 M) j
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.7 j/ F2 f2 j; U' k' F9 \% X
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.5 |, W5 y" u8 Y/ W- X; J$ j
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
0 @6 q' `0 {2 S! Q$ [: qYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. : X s' @ z" g& t+ ~) E' r
) q# n0 R3 y4 N+ b! s; ]' L: T! lIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable., N8 d/ ~2 {: H& \- S% P& {9 L9 _
8 M: x2 q* i; ~9 u Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
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San Francisco 23.8 27.2 % v5 O1 s' v+ c# l2 r0 H) S7 u. I
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 4 J' k& w* `7 h! _) M) k4 d
Seattle 20.4 25 3 `6 D- s0 X% W8 `, p4 q
Denver 17.7 23.7
8 ?5 X9 Q: l0 \5 ?; DNew York 21.2 22.5 , _7 N. i# I0 H& w/ k
Chicago 17.2 20.8 ; ^7 F8 r: i3 f- y; d
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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+ u# _! g" k- E- u5 G( s4 GIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.( S: g# i6 J6 N% m% ]5 n% F% h
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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