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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语- n& w# a) j4 v. ?. d
+ J$ G6 Y) n5 n6 {2 f4 b) X

8 H& w/ b& X: I8 z在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯& K: F- b( V0 m# H4 Q" T/ v( V
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。# t; y& {4 P( e+ W$ _, L* Y+ O
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!, H) Z% y0 i  f  _' L

4 O( z" }; D8 @0 h! b(1) empty suit:: S8 ^+ S7 n/ M$ A: E: t. j
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
% Q5 Z$ I- W+ K& d. E0 D4 C- Q(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
5 k, I0 s" Z% b' V1 n例如:
  d; b3 |$ g# F& {4 u  Q+ _An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.! ^0 Z5 g: G! V  f/ |
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
& V. x( S' ]* n7 P% E) ~Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
6 W  C2 @/ V4 d5 E4 j(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)3 w3 n" I9 f# U* c+ T% f) a
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:! W% W  i; f' t$ Y
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
" |9 R4 ?) s1 e8 v4 \+ w+ R3 u(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)! r2 v; X" E& C( M9 a! `
(2) fair-haired boy:- Z) ]7 s) F4 ?, f- E% O2 _2 R6 j
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
0 u1 D% `) [) c# m, Y(通常用单数,当名词用)# F6 a3 }; a$ f3 F1 J
例如:, q8 [2 v9 `; l; g' C- t0 c
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
( J7 K' [5 c' G4 k( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
# X$ D% T( s& _/ ]) X* w) z- pNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
3 z/ N# H! Z) `# u/ ?(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
. D- D! x: ~+ x: G; M3 }- s3 |有时也可用复数:
2 E. K# z* i6 I6 n9 UMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.( k# I7 i# g) e" b: C. D9 \2 S
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)- K% E! A% X* n$ c3 X
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses./ N" ]$ B% b0 u+ p
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)+ X7 p9 p9 |/ o: X9 h8 i9 r# m$ w5 E
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
: t6 f3 @' d. a# ^. Q! n# k(3) fishing expedition:' t/ Y6 |& M; X- z
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
) w& I' j9 h! O7 L: K(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)1 l( m2 I5 q3 h+ `: v- d* a* P* ~
例如:+ N2 ?1 }. N4 {
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.8 O( q7 \! E' u5 B& {! }. s1 l4 R
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
/ C6 Z7 E& |5 lThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
$ Q6 K" E2 ]" \$ w: n(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
2 K+ b8 s7 |( l- ~+ m6 D(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
$ ~; ~! I/ a9 w# oThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
# S* N! ^7 C  y& P' d! i(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)4 U: B, P" M4 l$ Y* d
偶尔也有人用复数:
6 Q$ w7 R4 C/ T' E7 }Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
& O2 p. V" c# a, ~1 R(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)7 I4 M, v# i7 Z* C2 s
(4) filthy rich:
8 w! N4 O9 C: P, L意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
3 i) ~2 y( j5 b) A4 d- H(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)1 B  [# e$ v' W
多半当形容词用。例如:% X9 b" i1 g  U! g/ t% D
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.4 S% V4 o- q1 I0 O8 @$ |1 i6 m% r
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
/ I& Z% E  O9 T6 A. ], dDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.) a" |$ e. y; P; g
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
8 P% A" q4 Y0 f8 [% eA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
! m7 H; H; k# \( L3 f* B/ x. K(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)% R6 w0 B: B& t, @' q8 n9 z% E
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.# x7 E+ C" ]% V# O9 U
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
/ F" q$ v/ m7 Y# E& U' P" @3 G5 Q4 O(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)) J" Z- v  F; A, E8 E" N& x6 T; ]
(5) fairy godmother:
! I  q8 z( b3 [. z指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
/ }% T6 K2 t# ?4 \" n. W& `(多半指有钱的女人)
8 R) R+ e  ~. t$ y$ E(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
( l; Z: Z4 |" l- P7 C  R1 ^1 pMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
( h9 I. O( t8 g3 n4 B2 f; p(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)$ Y0 x& O0 ]2 T$ X0 b
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.  h; M4 z; P1 y: L7 R; a( }# D' E
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)" Y6 v) D* s* m0 A
有时也用复数:
- x3 X- M0 Z. ^3 m' b5 p- s6 HOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
4 e, D0 q2 S7 h: {9 y(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。), l% x) [. J0 ]* ~1 N  W, e. \- P
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
1 q) P; U3 ~6 k' q0 {(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
# x8 @7 f' j- F- P8 C
$ @/ @8 S, K0 Z% b9 l/ J
. m0 O  K" h, X% E' z( y6)eye opener:
; P" w) F. }, R8 V+ S, e/ M9 ?指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
3 ]2 \2 t' N9 a3 a- w7 w$ q(当名词用;通常只用单数): @: T, O1 q% L
例如:
; x7 K) d( Q/ x6 T0 O! kYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.) T8 x6 M/ i  B% z, N' r
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)6 t5 t+ [( v# o% {
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
5 \& y7 O+ z! W# u7 C) X(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
& F7 C# {% x9 B  K2 a- DThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
- w9 A! I6 c! ^% m. `% C- e1 I% y* k(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
# C" G. v2 Q4 r0 H( n! N' X4 t4 v. ?Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.  h" ]* W: I  P5 S% O: m8 i6 ^2 W$ \
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
& a" ^* n1 _8 F(7) hot dog:
, z$ h: M; s/ N0 `# Q指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)8 @8 J& D+ G, c; j7 Z$ x
例如:
8 \/ H' [( t6 ySome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.8 }/ J# ~$ `- L* Q4 x5 x2 G. s* Q
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
6 A$ k, x  E2 O2 [8 A(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
2 {; S% t4 R# a; C3 w) JIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.' O$ ^$ l7 `% O
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)8 K# [9 w; r* P
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
  g) e7 x7 l# ]During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.  Y4 a- L/ G) D# @% ?
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
5 F* M4 x0 Y+ r! ]也指真正的热狗食物:
/ q7 E) B$ i: R2 ]: e; dThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
6 {, B8 \: v* \8 |2 S+ O, b(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
, r- L( [8 |" m$ h( \也可表达欣赏的心情:
( a# F/ z: d' dHot dog ! What great news for me.
0 }5 O$ x" A. {(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
* }6 H. ?. p% B4 G9 P) o(8)eager beaver:
" K) M# A' T: g( \8 O0 j指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
2 T5 i  e! I6 C3 B" }: K(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
. C1 f6 {' ]2 c' B, \(当名词用,可指男女)+ i# B# \+ w. U% @$ K( K  d) b
例如:
# O" j4 A4 K3 ]$ M+ I% cJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.# V' r" D6 U$ y$ r% L
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
5 y7 X! g$ Q; f* d! \  {Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
$ P4 ~+ ?  C  a& s- W8 z3 y(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
7 `$ `2 f% |, Z5 QDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?6 W; o  q0 x( C  V. E' x( Z
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)# R8 o- }( t  A/ A5 S* D, `6 X
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
/ r- d7 V$ @: r' ^+ {(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
, v& V. i) r/ O! D+ t5 m1 j(9)doubting Thomas:5 X1 j. N. e% p( r9 @
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
0 N0 j& M, A3 u  v, {; J(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)2 G! X) S6 r2 h
(当名词用)) c7 f' O" G; \# v8 W
例如:0 S0 W; D" F6 D
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
0 k2 O: S* D* K! W( f# k$ r(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)$ k, F  h8 g& ]- s. @) o' _! w
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.5 G9 X/ S7 b4 Z' v% z  p5 n6 N
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
9 B2 c6 ?+ [* c8 V" R) y也可用复数:1 U$ ^3 Q6 @! \7 f
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.9 {6 Q  Q1 U+ Q* F! N
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
; D+ `* c5 O% z6 l7 NIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
" F2 V- T9 O% b8 a& |0 r(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
$ q& l/ P% H5 R  H3 y. p, p$ D(10)dragon lady:2 W' K$ F% u+ S5 F  s
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
+ ?, g7 t) A: Q例如:
% o" D6 T8 U/ b; Z" jThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
, Z! A' F5 b6 w- V, T! U8 g7 N(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
" t3 S7 q( q4 x" H( J  II am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.( z8 A( D' k! |* O; q. d
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)' |9 M' z* x. a" c0 {
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?. @4 n$ p% l! c; K# X7 f1 p
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
  p. h0 ~: v, |- I. c也可用复数:, D$ b& Q3 P& T; I1 c) E; ]$ p9 K
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.+ x( O1 \- \: B9 a3 c
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
: B8 }  l. q' I: R) o7 `7 J注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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