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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语& J6 M* i) H$ o) T) Y2 G  G* Z

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7 ?6 O8 _0 g& j- I/ J4 i+ Q在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯, ]( T, O" k0 d& T
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。# E/ {# u% Y7 d7 z0 L7 t
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!: b. \3 e  _9 T: m

% d) ]1 {1 U6 j. S$ J& G(1) empty suit:  {0 ?4 }& Z! R  _. n
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
8 F- l3 ~6 K1 b% Q( [5 `(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
& B( b5 u0 ~9 ^* J* m' x例如:
  r9 i+ t8 b& C5 v, E# |An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.7 D' y: K" C( V6 t/ U
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
. o8 O+ d( Q8 D, QMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.( f5 V) e! Z) o1 r* f$ C. ^1 W) x. x
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)! L( l3 a0 f5 u5 e9 o! x# `
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:) y( ~2 X8 U# s9 f
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
1 P3 ^6 \7 t+ w' y% Q) y- L, H+ l(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
' M  [5 X6 R" f$ `( }8 d9 O(2) fair-haired boy:* Y5 |. @, ]1 F" }1 D) O
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
% I. {$ Q6 O0 x5 u+ _(通常用单数,当名词用)
- T1 q  J, g, G. ]) i+ Z+ y例如:
; m; a3 ]& V5 ?Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
) X9 E1 k. [4 M9 \) D$ h5 X! [( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)4 `8 ?* e- V, I4 w
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions." e! L( W7 ^4 H9 |9 r
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
; T! m& [3 e0 [! G1 k: `有时也可用复数:
% E0 J4 T" i6 k- X3 v- V4 MMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
; B$ E+ I) X! [5 p; A+ O(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
# P' V+ a5 G1 ]( C; J# l5 WFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
: J) z8 y! D9 H6 u  [(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)) _4 `9 w) i4 }9 f0 L3 Y% F
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法); g$ _' ^  U8 E5 d$ O# b: k
(3) fishing expedition:
% `/ R+ C- C# V! r为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
  t# `# }3 B+ g(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
) N- _8 Y4 l/ X4 \+ b8 ^; D, s9 e例如:
+ m* V: C! m! y& ^1 rThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.+ d2 Y7 q9 |/ j
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)4 U. j$ ^0 N+ [1 G4 w) @' y8 h
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.3 ?! _; F7 s$ E6 j" L: b
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)" K' O% |: y6 P( r" I% j
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
1 Q8 o2 q+ ]( i! J) O; HThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War." o5 z2 D, k3 f
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
3 N, M) ^; \8 D) r0 t% T偶尔也有人用复数:% ?: s6 E1 J: ~0 i: r4 g
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
! t% r% w# {1 g& S, a, I  m* r(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)! a0 A% }1 e% J4 O. J: Z+ n
(4) filthy rich:6 N& p7 f# I3 `2 {. _3 Q$ n9 Q0 Q
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)( F& D0 S2 }4 w% B
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)0 t! Z+ L/ x; Z/ s6 t
多半当形容词用。例如:3 q9 w5 \  R+ }
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
5 E$ [' v% I# t9 c' h2 [/ {( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。). J* i2 Z1 t3 N2 `8 V
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.  g/ x+ ~% ^& v9 g
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
$ l9 j9 U  g9 R* W( C  n3 J. UA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.7 o/ D, @* q# B" J8 e5 E
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
: G5 u. x% @+ F, l8 `Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
3 {& D0 g+ S# Q! p& g; t7 h4 E(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。); {+ Z; \# e2 f0 G. x& V* Y
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)8 E5 N+ w/ o; z- ]$ t& z" i0 c; j
(5) fairy godmother:4 i" B4 ]1 C( a$ m; D
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)( F* C  ~5 \/ `5 i+ [6 x7 _
(多半指有钱的女人)
, w" ?5 z( g3 o# W(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
, S1 @1 h8 m; b# kMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars." I" Z* Z  C$ j4 e# C2 U
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
; L" O" S2 @  u. ~6 t2 I, q$ BAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.5 T" [, x, H* Z4 {) N
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
3 K3 p: {# z* f7 o- k& `( E; l+ J有时也用复数:! y7 ~" l( |1 D/ p& j
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
$ E5 u  h4 E. @' q(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
+ Q  a% X" g7 _! F+ v2 lIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.6 u- o2 F. Q% K! d! r" p( h
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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; F8 {! X- @& U$ C& _6 s6)eye opener:
* }8 S! v5 M6 v" n7 S* J) T0 z, N$ `指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion); \/ _# ?: K. k) c4 a% q' s8 R$ O
(当名词用;通常只用单数)2 J, U' p3 ~3 G) U& y5 d, `7 g
例如:
, P9 ~( ]# b; |) ~3 m% \5 lYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.8 n. r& w4 P  d0 Y, p
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
6 i/ w/ h$ r2 H1 f# X1 {9 HMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener." r* Q7 W* n9 r) _: g& T$ _* g8 @
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
, e; O, C+ g" L2 P% |5 [" U% eThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.  C' A+ f1 T- W" j' ]( ?
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
0 J) e/ y+ ?) ?0 a6 d) \1 {Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
9 r9 r( b# T4 R(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
# E  r' b, g' m  g, [(7) hot dog:
1 g5 Z1 \4 u' [6 b3 O指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)7 b3 g6 d# m$ y$ y
例如:
' K. P. F0 Q" _8 ]# m2 rSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.! `+ t; [1 S4 B. Y
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。). S* L1 T& |1 S. |" f. Z
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)) g1 g2 k8 c1 @* P& n% j
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.7 P, P* ^" [' @; z  t6 V) ~
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)0 J) c. O7 i) p9 v' E4 D
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
, m$ J  F8 d# pDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.9 E) f. m2 Z3 S  W' [) U) `
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
/ h* q* c4 E' w7 y1 Y& u! K也指真正的热狗食物:
6 Z; Q  |  Q( C( Z' KThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
$ U3 K3 \) H. W. [(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)2 s; l8 P- p2 f. w5 N* M5 H1 |& ^
也可表达欣赏的心情:# M8 Q6 k' @7 g, v5 s
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
$ [& z+ Z3 _( x* N3 P- L(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)8 Q3 P% j( _/ f1 ^+ S
(8)eager beaver:5 w8 [8 |! @2 Y$ W7 S, h
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
! d& l- ^9 w: v2 Q8 y(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
% r9 y" g; H1 L(当名词用,可指男女)
' I# F) x6 V8 {% x) x* @例如:% C: l3 d  h5 v: J6 k& }
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
; a0 X2 r" I  t. t+ G3 B(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)- C8 g% l8 k9 e! q- S& M& H" f
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
/ O8 n: c, n2 K  `6 D(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)' y9 J0 _4 v) F0 B
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
* V2 G9 B; J9 [! D" H% ~. G  A(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)0 e& a. v6 s" e6 t( f8 J
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.9 q# Q0 l. o& J4 i; U' j4 n6 h0 W
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)  O  {' U$ W5 j4 b0 s& ~5 B: L3 X9 p
(9)doubting Thomas:3 V! d* M6 f1 T1 z% L2 E* F
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
  r$ K( q( O  [8 [1 d(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
" Y+ d$ m! {& c, f2 X* {1 I(当名词用)+ k1 w1 ]2 E# Q! W2 ^$ E
例如:& L4 h2 g. z: b3 J! v$ S
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.' D, B; I8 K7 Y" ^; ?
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)/ g, i/ g, D" y2 V5 T9 f8 G9 |1 g
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.; _4 B8 A3 t. V' j, Z! O/ N0 @
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)6 T4 e& ^- `$ a6 H/ D: S4 k  Z
也可用复数:
. ^5 `8 [3 q+ i( T2 lMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.  ]2 Z; f% b8 C! A$ W# W( u
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
: H/ u' Q. T3 C7 V6 c9 A4 ~! h$ lIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
% @+ t( J% F) k2 P* p5 t6 A(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
; g- R& e4 c9 o8 R& N) U(10)dragon lady:# c2 Z' z, z7 W3 ^0 J3 m
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
8 e& W# r& k2 ?" c% ?8 V4 ~例如:* ]+ R6 }- y  W7 o8 i
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
9 \  e( S( m2 s# B6 L(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
' h. u# z6 `0 z9 G+ ?2 X5 n0 U' gI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
5 _% a3 a3 R& {% \5 i& @  l% G3 Y(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
: E8 i! a+ ]4 N, U9 w( t) {+ K2 A* ~Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
0 p" S7 [8 s# O4 q# X2 H. a(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)! C% `2 Y$ E0 m3 m* U5 w
也可用复数:& ~% S/ Q; T) ]/ U
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.# c- p: @# r( g* t4 v
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
3 B: R9 y, a; @. g注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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