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谈英语俚语, B5 K9 K+ G$ r/ E* u9 Q A
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
. L+ D% g( T/ F! V4 u0 F+ ?之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
3 Y' U1 R4 S" E4 h9 t9 |若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!# V$ c, g3 `# E) ?7 H2 V/ v
7 u) U+ R8 a0 u/ Q9 J(1) empty suit:; X7 t% L6 J% l
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
6 }9 J' U0 A5 Q! T(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
5 c( u6 \* r/ X5 v: V6 v! E1 r* K例如:( c; q9 V# y- f" a( |0 K, C
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
% p) I4 I5 ~1 \& I0 |; p4 B% Z) |8 c(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
4 q6 k" X8 j$ S9 GMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.$ n) u, r; c3 \; I. I
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)) O* ~3 d9 t( q& _% z4 m
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:3 |. u( z0 f& \: S0 J7 s
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.5 [ }) m& \ F/ _& f5 j' s# J& X
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
& F' V$ T# D. Z$ [, m* I(2) fair-haired boy:( L3 W+ t4 K! w0 \0 t
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)8 @/ o4 e: S) X" M
(通常用单数,当名词用)
0 r) s" U5 v: ?( P+ |+ m$ ~* f例如:$ U# \( c! [" @* P. h* Q3 r! K
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.: {- c6 i V+ m D+ n
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
3 M: @0 z! \8 T B& v' e& t0 J" FNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions. Q/ `1 E @8 @ u5 E4 C
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)1 ]' \8 L: y/ t! K1 g% R3 R
有时也可用复数:2 P8 I' f7 b1 q- x& K
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.$ ]. W, r9 d# H6 }
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
: C/ B& L% x' U! d/ G- n4 [: vFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
/ y2 z- j. F' w. H* e) \( k(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
* G9 _8 S2 @3 I {& v(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
# ?* Y! e3 x& V( T) \* o(3) fishing expedition:
( Y3 S/ H6 l! d1 I+ w为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
! M* G: }4 ~* B; @! _0 A* g$ C& X(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)* o( I4 Q" S+ f. t
例如:
+ n$ s, l K) c" ZThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
# z7 ~. \+ g2 o' c(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)* z4 s# q2 P" V a. r+ V' F
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
. c! {2 O1 c- J8 `4 o(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
# k' l+ W9 H1 c' C) c/ [(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)( V. _# D% p" m. `$ n
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
$ d8 d* }: x. F- k6 o(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)0 N# r" X# d# o3 @7 P. i) p3 M' W
偶尔也有人用复数:
% i1 L( q3 W" r: ]1 fSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
! I* `, R' {" c$ x' H2 O(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。), y. ]' I2 B( ?" h/ f' A
(4) filthy rich:
& S7 i! L. a5 b+ I/ A. j意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)3 m( g, ]; B$ i/ Q1 K Z
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)' H V7 ?. \$ j' N
多半当形容词用。例如:0 Z1 q7 K/ e( U# w/ F; z; d( ^
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
& h, H; c1 f# ~7 U3 U5 o( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
9 ^7 d5 T) h, F) [Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
5 W6 P V" }* `3 t9 D8 g# B(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
" _3 ?* V: ~: ]/ BA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
, c# v4 W, Z0 }/ x) n7 a% r8 v(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
1 Y& `! r- e# x3 }6 ^& M; jFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
' k7 i) u- B+ Z(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)1 M( M% C$ k9 E& K
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
$ o& s: @) S8 _, [- f- u! K(5) fairy godmother:
5 D3 n! g$ v! U2 Y指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)# `! h) g/ }1 Q& b7 X5 D
(多半指有钱的女人)
, `+ \9 r1 ]! {" ~3 o/ W# a(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
. j4 J3 v: }9 i9 x3 A9 C/ N! T+ WMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
- W$ |% {- V2 b(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
- E2 C$ t, u4 Y# w6 t9 W. FAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.7 R {3 {: z9 k' Z+ V6 r, e3 |4 Y
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
5 B% B5 O: h4 A* Z* _有时也用复数:
9 ~4 K, H; H" Y+ @4 m8 gOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.0 ?1 u5 Y+ R# x6 s
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。), P( T0 g( L: k6 Q! H1 U- c& C
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
* }- b( K d e0 l1 a5 ~7 R(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。): B! J$ z, \1 J% _) N, {# A, o7 E7 [
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) m9 h/ j) t+ p# U6)eye opener:# F# p* f/ B9 b9 s8 U
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
7 Y: d0 t3 Z7 a5 S8 h g" z(当名词用;通常只用单数)
- T6 S& R* Q. v! W' ^. A) G例如:
) l! r- a+ a9 @; k6 z A' ?Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
9 t! |. U# x$ B3 Q W(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)( F$ O1 S+ L& g! r0 k0 W2 ?
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.' r$ q5 N) X; O1 ~* @
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
* ]: x0 e$ U' { FThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants. s9 r' V. M) G, y7 S- r
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。). I- R. m2 U; n5 @$ r! X! I
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
6 x( k4 U* T' A% }7 s(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)5 \5 E. o/ R7 m1 r: q/ ]
(7) hot dog:
3 A# Y, M# h! D5 ]指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)6 }$ y, R+ x7 I) X& J
例如:
# ^, L! f f2 s* \. uSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.5 x5 m! M, G0 d' K/ W
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)* f5 Q }& x( F1 z7 g
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
6 H* J" _& j x/ X0 {8 K5 g6 h7 cIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
: m' _4 |1 x0 M; z3 d8 d" c(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
! H) H' W- N# R$ l(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)" W. E/ w4 U3 P8 y+ ?$ _8 ?$ ^9 ~
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.% j. h. ?/ S; p
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
. a( q8 @# ?; ], G也指真正的热狗食物:& I7 f1 h* g0 [
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
2 k) O/ R3 ]% v5 b(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
$ F; u& a* s- \# c3 }) A& U也可表达欣赏的心情:, B7 ]. R. Q$ f+ l2 n( t2 k4 J
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
3 x5 J x( Y. Y- i(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
7 h* P C/ B- B) d7 ^(8)eager beaver:3 w- j/ E7 ~- o8 E8 p
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
8 p. w# V4 o3 A/ ?(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
9 E' K6 Q8 p0 `" _(当名词用,可指男女)
8 K4 x# k3 [0 r! ?* B; T例如:. ?! }& s$ w3 ~! Q# O* N3 \; V! ^5 `
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.4 R- W7 T0 h5 q1 Y: B+ I T
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
9 a0 z2 A+ H: v6 J/ t( OBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.3 r2 l/ q- |- | [; z# @8 ?) C A( k
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
0 C9 D7 o3 C& s: x! E8 r" r. eDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
4 |8 |& y' N: C3 v: s7 r% O(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
8 Z3 N+ Z9 B9 W$ ]( T- a; ^You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.& ~! b: t9 `) i/ b& [ S
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)4 P+ P" S3 Z+ q3 g- H% E$ m7 u
(9)doubting Thomas:
2 T1 w$ R1 N" M, q) l& J这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
8 M* [# `9 q( ^; s1 H8 w(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)- `, k: V$ `( N1 y- L* `
(当名词用)5 Q+ f* U+ R$ I: ?: g% H7 a& t
例如:
; Y8 S: A% Z) i; _I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.0 W; f, n" K9 F7 i% l) u3 i
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。), L( [$ Z N8 ~
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
# Q8 @) U( W \ n& ~ [% o$ {(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)2 K+ {" \! h% n3 w: r
也可用复数:+ L" ]: {" d8 E+ k; M; V
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.8 ~2 A- ~" t. r
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)) H, o" m5 I% s* K: W' p; W# L* T
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
' D+ B9 z7 Y4 F+ _0 N(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)" w, w" G2 s# h
(10)dragon lady:
4 A' U: j+ `2 K2 y指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用); B4 T7 c d5 ^, \* v
例如:! t G; l' h. M1 q& E# B
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
D8 C6 H( N$ K f" s) G" |(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
0 k% E, @+ P9 w" f: dI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady." g( A- F" \! Q) X0 H' q* u5 ?7 [& O7 ~
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
" e6 o- C6 ~3 D% y' j+ _ O1 I4 sShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?. f u! M q K) I) A. p
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)( U4 h* n# @% S1 m4 K7 s# n
也可用复数:9 D. m! [9 y V# B
There may be many dragon ladies in our community. A" O8 y- Q% a% x( c1 s' _- A
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)( F7 _* _4 _' e/ i
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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