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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语% n, ?/ k/ }* s. o: e
. }, Q0 \- i( D9 Y  l- Y1 ?

) G+ D5 h$ n! t$ X3 m, ?在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯6 Y3 x# k0 i. \1 U$ U
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。* Q3 t# |2 f: r( M8 h2 M3 L; A5 p
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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5 r! f5 Y  f) F3 `, u$ E7 k(1) empty suit:2 b- u  a9 \' q* B# c
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
. I  F2 V, ]* I3 k(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
6 D: u5 ~. n' M* ~% N例如:
! P7 `- d1 J. @$ U# SAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.  ^$ P$ z" v, i9 T
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)+ j( O# H. h- D1 D4 d7 o. R: W
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.% }$ X- W# ?0 h2 B! X) q
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)7 a/ E- e$ t' Z7 n
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
9 ?8 b& }5 l% }. E4 r% gThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.! r0 O8 J" p2 V. ]. X; p
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)! i+ A1 I$ _* `- Z
(2) fair-haired boy:
1 K0 n1 X- t! o; q指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
! X0 G0 t. c6 V/ q& U(通常用单数,当名词用)
3 V1 G7 m  J5 h: Q3 u0 i" l! e8 C8 K例如:
5 y" o- |  t- E5 PMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
* N  n0 L* ^; D0 F$ O2 j( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
0 r3 ^- n! ~, R! a" z  {- dNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
, g5 [8 ]: E3 j6 o0 p(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)3 A  J5 S; C! W& c# ?8 j/ T
有时也可用复数:
! h, D2 ~$ ~: [5 Y5 CMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
3 T, a* H# H/ ~' N: {1 _(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)6 ?6 A) `1 e. ?, q5 {
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.8 e1 `6 x  w; c3 t6 ?! o; N& U
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
4 \- D4 Y* b6 N1 o(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
! ]. |( T6 `- D(3) fishing expedition:
; h( M( i, ^$ @" |2 l为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)! Y! A4 k/ J( g$ q" J* i
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
. U! Z/ F- D% k4 _* J% C2 l例如:
, s3 m/ N5 D0 cThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.2 W/ A6 w8 `8 z# B
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)2 ~9 a7 L; _# K9 b
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
; N8 q) y# m/ o. f3 I& _(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)9 a+ a0 h; y8 R' u  x
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)- L2 v4 Q% U$ l, r2 Q- d9 O; Y
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.+ N! _  B# ?/ O* A. b
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
# [- v( u" H* V8 F- Z偶尔也有人用复数:
& s( [0 _; ~) Y8 l* c5 w/ R( }# _Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
& \2 w3 F; A. M- T% S% x$ X(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
" W2 M; p. @2 J4 x7 q(4) filthy rich:
% A# ^& q- O" ]. v" Q意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
% s. o+ h* ^# V- S7 k6 ^(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
+ q( x( d4 f& U) x% P' L/ x多半当形容词用。例如:
4 K; \' z8 ]6 A' F, f4 \With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
5 h& {( p! m6 s" s; L. M( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
0 O& f+ K$ i* P3 \" g! _Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
# l" b+ D7 P8 k9 b(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
; j* u0 m3 X/ H; }A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
  M: P- k! H5 ](有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)4 R& ^: T- |- H
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
5 d( R8 R$ c4 s% Q% a0 K(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)$ H# T6 t  k* M% @- d* y  [; k9 e  _
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)9 \  }0 i4 }: t4 [) n
(5) fairy godmother:/ ^) T% j8 ~& r5 m4 U8 x% m, A$ t
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)2 N1 M1 D# l+ i: E: R! e
(多半指有钱的女人)8 W6 R* O& G4 c% v
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
; c0 W. |  ?# r, h$ N; ?, oMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
* X* W0 p% h! ^: f# ~  _! [(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
" m$ o8 Q7 }' @2 zAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
% `! u+ [9 D! p9 O0 _(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
/ Q9 x; j& {2 q9 T) O& u有时也用复数:* ~; I9 b: a* M0 S& v
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.- g4 A7 s) ]7 d& q% d
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
2 ]- V7 ^, h' GIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.6 H/ }' Y3 l6 ^( e
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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/ s) v% m3 t" k" t# Z% Q6)eye opener:
3 c1 ?0 E" t# n; w8 \8 |. V指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
* i! t/ ~! \8 H(当名词用;通常只用单数)! \3 [7 Z( M: M. a( |: k( m
例如:
: R* z' T4 T  c) r6 N' QYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.' T4 n( f9 j7 Y6 \
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
: G' c5 R$ @# |! a) YMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.+ N3 N5 G2 h9 }$ v# E6 C1 D
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
6 L1 U! L0 j+ n7 k2 t4 |% U0 mThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.8 P& E9 ~$ K9 }
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
! o  q4 C; H! b1 \: h" o: hSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.( q7 R" }6 T5 R1 r9 Y& t
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)& q& L3 m& h$ T
(7) hot dog:
6 N( x3 T3 |0 m8 p8 \指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用); a- y  i. ?* C) }
例如:
( X, f; E. S) K9 }) r+ DSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
5 @8 y3 B  o2 F7 K! f% G(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
& {  O7 Y5 X4 \' t$ S9 m(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
- ~) D' B2 b" V9 k; yIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog./ H3 |8 ^0 r5 K
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 A, o1 |' Q/ u; u1 O3 A' o(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
6 ]1 b( q; |& IDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
7 J* k! X% k. W4 p: z6 _(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
+ h  S& Z0 _% B0 j: F  q也指真正的热狗食物:! m& W' \/ i6 P; G3 b
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
4 l  ^8 T$ |$ ~9 w" T+ P(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)$ z7 }; ~: M" c$ ?
也可表达欣赏的心情:* N7 U" U( u% V" L
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
( W: e% k8 c+ {3 `( ~! `( I(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
. S7 T5 b4 X% C4 C* \(8)eager beaver:* w, `# k3 O6 v; Z
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
" _+ J0 t: U. K(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)3 `# }9 s# t# u! h) ~. }2 U3 K& X4 ]3 p6 e
(当名词用,可指男女)" g; l7 H, }& @6 g) h( k
例如:
' S3 ?; a1 e& ~. fJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
7 i& I/ u7 S0 f! S( b8 M(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)0 ~% r% P2 I! y0 I. z. Q
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
) Z3 q# ?7 S( G# N/ J1 P* x(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)2 w7 a5 S: S' z8 V+ i1 D9 o
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?; V, W7 s$ w9 E, q' j
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
/ R/ E. _& f  C8 eYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.* K' f$ a2 ~9 k: |
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
6 d) Y2 H2 j9 x3 E' t(9)doubting Thomas:: h7 M* S( M6 n* s7 z
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
2 a, e4 `. s/ g8 W0 D% t(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
* B* w2 e) B0 [% _7 j& e. @$ {: C5 w(当名词用)
( u7 B" }3 f7 H) h( b* t例如:
0 m: @, \7 x" E  pI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.% s" |7 t8 a% A' f& Z
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)8 p2 E) J4 y, c! i& w) c6 }. q
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.. ^( A- k( P7 q& q
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
) d) \) V- i! e4 w3 x7 C# @* h也可用复数:
2 E! }2 g* }+ R5 [- S- ]  x$ |1 a; [My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.+ _4 ]0 X0 B8 e( z6 s: F
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。), c: G* W7 ?0 q1 S5 ]1 u4 ]8 M
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
1 r6 }* n3 q- n- K0 f(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
0 x) W3 g+ ?4 N7 c0 T(10)dragon lady:4 K& `  f/ i+ H3 U- l- j
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
  V  p% a9 F) p9 @7 y- V例如:
/ `6 X2 V% O1 i) I$ c; D- QThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
2 e: M+ M8 W( v4 `, _  x(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
; X7 s1 X" {! }  q4 f4 R* aI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
- L4 w" j% \  N/ B5 |9 ](我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
( ^: O3 Z( z' ~2 |* r- H5 W* qShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
) L/ \4 [3 L! }+ R(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
4 k+ z8 G; _2 Y也可用复数:) x5 N7 l1 r6 g- t9 \9 ?/ K
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
2 L4 [2 G* H  p9 ](在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)# ^7 \" ?; A8 y5 C7 K
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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