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Accounting system 会计系统
9 V* @2 m. q& {5 n- ~! S4 \- N WAmerican Accounting Association 美国会计协会
( u- P8 p0 \: U0 W% ~ _7 c: [American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
! n! ]( k. @" E: ?$ ?Audit 审计 + b( @' e4 g" B% m" ]3 h3 {% u
Balance sheet 资产负债表
' s" F* n" @8 V* P, g/ S# s3 F' N& u" ]Bookkeepking 簿记
' ]. T( `, k& Z& k" ~' o/ T hCash flow prospects 现金流量预测
( w5 m- W" J0 S4 T6 V- \Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 % k( @& O3 I% b1 j
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
& X7 [' |- L6 _0 @$ ^* dCertificate Public Accountant注册会计师 2 t. c* j, }# l
Cost accounting 成本会计 3 C' o0 _/ v. y7 R) j
External users 外部使用者
9 X# T& n5 `' _5 z! y/ dFinancial accounting 财务会计
5 L k/ K9 O% ?5 {6 NFinancial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 ) F# E& K/ h/ M4 v; |+ p
Financial forecast 财务预测 2 |/ c. n+ T! Y) U V4 v0 u
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
* Q/ \ o' U7 d/ `1 MGeneral-purpose information 通用目的信息
1 K# ^' P' Y/ k7 f+ i9 y2 xGovernment Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
0 r+ |- [" ~: d0 r2 gIncome statement 损益表 ' |2 N0 t: J, M
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会 * L l1 f/ A" e# R
Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会
: c! \. K! P) t" R( j. D9 ~Integrity 整合性 2 {, m3 o! c3 ]8 x
Internal auditing 内部审计
q. A& ^6 J. p% ^/ nInternal control structure 内部控制结构
. r3 M( H1 m* z% L, _1 GInternal Revenue Service 国内收入署 4 K. U! T3 V) [. J$ o/ ]
Internal users 内部使用者 2 @+ K) v4 s+ j2 a& L. e( k* ], A
Management accounting 管理会计
) k+ V! n0 O9 b5 o5 rReturn of investment 投资回报
) q/ H$ d, I9 j& l0 a0 FReturn on investment 投资报酬
" U0 p. N3 h; U+ ~! S( x+ A1 dSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
* ^ S9 Z; a$ M! mStatement of cash flow 现金流量表
" |2 c6 ~2 G$ i7 Y: b- P* b- GStatement of financial position 财务状况表 ! a/ x) e* Z# t
Tax accounting 税务会计
! G! C7 j' H! i: k& OAccounting equation 会计等式 4 f v p2 s1 \" C
Articulation 勾稽关系
G' T* G+ `0 UAssets 资产 ! X# }2 Y- u3 c* z( q0 [6 r
Business entity 企业个体
# n p9 s, O$ A( ]) Z2 s; O" n; KCapital stock 股本 6 G. l9 D, v" O
Corporation 公司 0 r' D2 x/ O* |
Cost principle 成本原则 ) r Q+ i: Z7 w
Creditor 债权人
& @4 ]+ V4 d" @3 @Deflation 通货紧缩 ' g6 B6 V! k* X* P
Disclosure 批露 & m' G8 ~- J$ f( t1 Z
Expenses 费用
1 u. t7 k) Y! L2 lFinancial statement 财务报表 : }% \* g; r' S& Z7 I' S
Financial activities 筹资活动
8 W4 ~) h9 t- w- T8 VGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设 . t% O! I8 f6 d' M6 _! K
Inflation 通货膨涨 $ p$ \" V' s7 N% ~7 M1 O H# W
Investing activities 投资活动 6 X2 ? r e( a$ b
Liabilities 负债
0 e% U+ M5 ?8 ~6 [' Z) m- RNegative cash flow 负现金流量 % Y6 A R0 j$ R, x8 ]0 \: G& x# _
Operating activities 经营活动 * E' X3 L/ K7 L( }
Owner's equity 所有者权益
, }8 h9 F1 S6 g% t& jPartnership 合伙企业
" e5 m! g' |9 i6 |" W/ P# n8 f. _7 FPositive cash flow 正现金流量
5 Y- W; g1 A" r" TRetained earning 留存利润 7 o6 C0 D# p V9 g G. g P
Revenue 收入
7 w) j* l$ M, @9 ^! j( K7 G; YSole proprietorship 独资企业 * M9 L. i2 Z% S5 ], Y
Solvency 清偿能力
2 O/ w7 F8 `' A6 TStable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设 2 B, ^9 m% }, B u
Stockholders 股东
4 h9 Z% s4 \2 D$ d8 g) jStockholders' equity 股东权益 ) M) ~0 m3 X* B/ Q+ v
Window dressing 门面粉饰 % v6 X4 c/ P8 _6 q% v
Account 帐户 4 W, Z6 _( q p
& T/ F8 q2 c0 ?
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' ^0 S9 Q& L! }主营业务收入 Sales / q/ U! Q5 q- b
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance
9 Z6 h5 h9 L( ^3 O" N * y$ F: u) n$ w: P4 @. a
产品销售收入净额 NET SALES : ~$ w% K3 `% X) a
5 [! n3 s7 B& t5 b4 T4 m( g
主营业务成本 Cost of sales
* I" f/ d9 X9 y* C5 S3 Y主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax
5 r$ ^4 h8 V2 ~, M7 f4 l , _3 E. f5 B- ^5 @+ W
主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT
: R! V) |+ z z
0 k! A/ R, }8 g/ Y: ~$ r其他业务利润 Other operating profit , f: t0 m5 i0 {1 {6 f) R
. ^3 B3 l- O( `营业费用 Operating expenses + w7 c7 k, _5 r0 I+ U% @5 @+ q
管理费用 General and administrative expenses ! s# E: \# a0 ]7 R
财务费用 Financial expenses 5 Y5 n( H3 c! z$ C# {2 b6 i7 ~
存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks
- L* X, i* ]; h! w5 i # w9 a3 B6 v2 x* p }8 N8 X
营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
' T- l) o r6 O. [
2 P% `' S7 ]6 x& n8 V; O% ]投资收益 Investment income ! R( }- d7 m8 L9 t. T+ V- K$ c) F' ]
补贴收入 Subsidy income - l( p" \, b5 Y, h% l/ z
营业外收入 Non-operating income
) u P$ [8 l H营业外支出 Non-operating expenses
8 s4 S, z0 O# n9 |9 G" Y以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR
8 w/ k0 {! Q) N6 d6 U
8 f4 n7 o; `$ c1 H所得税 Income tax
* b/ H0 i$ ~8 B z
( Q" x, {7 {! i' K3 o: l' [本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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