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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 3 {0 |4 o0 m) P) {* E
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/ m7 Y5 H U- Z6 K7 kCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
1 H( }! H/ ~& w; cBar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
7 X* k5 \! o! X/ h) n+ ]7 mThe Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
' u. x7 t, h9 U, ~+ g' z, ], ECurrently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.- f/ ?6 u, s! [
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
+ ?7 M8 D" d! m) r3 d: bThe country codes used are :6 ]5 [, t+ q2 m3 v) [
, d* ` w0 K5 H5 z6 GCODE \COUNTRY& M2 o; g$ g9 X2 f
00-13 USA & Canada+ r7 K1 W+ I6 G) K7 j! V
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)$ s, Q }. h0 C4 a
30-37 France
8 |6 O3 ]- u! Q380 Bulgaria
7 v- K4 e( f6 ^# c8 u) x3 T" L0 v383 Slovenia
8 _$ X* _' E5 P# x3 n4 @385 Croatia
2 ?+ E9 J; d- @387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
4 v7 i( R" M- e! \& A% U# T400-440 Germany
' \, g- A0 M5 _ ?' Z5 B% n+ t7 m45 Japan
. }, I0 W! |& s# I2 n0 J46 Russian Federation5 c" g! ]/ C# Q, G8 k. D% Y% `
471 Taiwan
" s* K ^% V9 M$ p4 e" X2 j4 t474 Estonia0 S7 L i- ~; W
475 Latvia& k/ w/ W% j4 |7 A
476 Azerbaijan
; {/ L. A- h8 f477 Lithuania9 p; M- n' x/ v t" ]9 c
478 Uzbekistan5 M( O1 n1 e+ a/ K, `7 o; @
479 Sri Lanka
2 f# {+ s- K% G480 Philippines3 \6 i$ X' I4 @1 z
481 Belarus ~% T3 O( {4 V: f
482 Ukraine
" ?! B" p8 A0 [ ~484 Moldova
* A9 E# H: e7 r. G. D; N485 Armenia
3 r% B2 H) c; g; Z% R486 Georgia6 y6 G( A" h' a
487 Kazakhstan
! M7 w. I5 \: p _9 B' [489 Hong Kong2 q4 i: @& ?) E: x# D
49 Japan K: o& Q6 k2 F6 U9 b' i
50 UK* e6 I2 [8 P% l5 Y# k+ h
520 Greece7 W, n* T! [- G+ C& H
528 Lebanon
! U0 ^! y7 t9 b' Z K529 Cyprus" k O7 b) W u! w2 G! g$ M
531 Macedonia" n* h) O2 j3 {0 z% |# V
535 Malta
e* E K5 I9 H" z9 N7 x539 Ireland F4 o' t7 N' i
54 Belgium & Luxembourg. M& h+ Y3 `. k$ T8 S4 I
560 Portugal1 C. D. L+ G9 B2 q: z }0 E
569 Iceland y6 p8 N% a/ }! M% Q% F& X
57 Denmark7 K2 n9 m$ e3 p2 r
590 Poland9 d; O$ |* i( O1 A9 R& e
594 Romania
7 t1 p1 Q# B" Z9 h3 W3 B3 V599 Hungary U7 ]' b+ L, S; l% p) \: `
600-601 South Africa& e2 b2 [! |! w
609 Mauritius
' A& ]2 O! ? T2 l3 m611 Morocco
: e- K' D- M0 d; w613 Algeria1 n" G0 c) h7 m( N# N
619 Tunisia* m/ H$ z c- W$ K. [: W
621 Syria
+ r# L7 K6 v' U622 Egypt
1 y6 q+ i3 S( H( y624 Libya+ R$ G3 P6 w; N$ I3 A( M. t8 q
625 Jordan+ H `) N5 a0 r' j! l
626 Iran
; K* _9 P: X# ~8 N' C9 r* r627 Kuwait
! Z$ R8 S3 O' w. M: J628 Saudi Arabia
. Z+ v7 Z7 @6 h! x. L7 D629 United Arab Emirates
& u5 x/ c3 a( H: W2 I64 Finland. |2 I* e4 {5 {; e
690-692 China
' C* Z* O' H6 |8 |$ F# s! M70 Norway& t: `/ G) d5 c/ e% Z
729 Israel
, N/ Q1 M: X3 B73 Sweden) y$ p( i* Y! o; O1 t! @7 |
740 Guatemala
: b& U5 |/ ~; `* `8 E741 El Salvador
% m4 M# |, Y8 m9 v/ _742 Honduras
A; }4 a( L$ x! ~* K" I743 Nicaragua
: O& c+ N- t/ z2 N# @# `9 C744 Costa Rica* l g+ p3 n W- }: `, V
745 Panama
2 V" n9 {1 e2 X/ T* P746 Dominican Republic
0 B* f3 E% j- Y* b750 Mexico+ r1 b# k2 n2 v! e; g% {3 a
759 Venezuela
/ P) y9 ^! Y+ w0 s [! e76 Switzerland: w# F9 Y$ v. I
770 Colombia' R4 W2 y+ d0 o" C* u( u
773 Uruguay
# I$ ^. S, O& M1 E+ u775 Peru( Y9 }+ k7 O. O0 A
777 Bolivia
2 D/ u# u4 R# q! X+ m779 Argentina
D/ G% o7 b# E8 E& r h: c* l780 Chile
3 P: g% n U& M- N6 x2 F784 Paraguay8 K1 O9 l( ~* h
785 Peru
) p6 ]! B$ J9 g; V7 N5 [786 Ecuador
* M* Z9 |' `* o; [; j% |789 Brazil& D: U! \! Y: O8 Z
80-83 Italy2 w; N3 Y8 L" i' W/ ? A1 ?4 z
84 Spain# s* o7 ?7 l( ^! u+ \" M
850 Cuba
3 q0 z$ f. o" v9 i& L/ i6 s$ i858 Slovakia |; f7 }- x" ?% q& L4 d$ z3 N" T
859 Czech Republic% [( d+ Q% p/ O: a6 x F$ t' | `" Z' {
860 Serbia & Montenegro
5 y! W8 g" ]2 f869 Turkey
/ s% Y" F( W3 t! y c* t87 Netherlands
4 B+ ~$ B+ s4 a: d: U3 V/ H880 South Korea5 ~% P8 G) ^3 o0 K6 L
885 Thailand. k5 s( P( `3 W* n- u4 C1 Q5 J
888 Singapore
8 l* r% D, M V. n+ J) E890 India9 C3 C* q( i: i7 `
893 Vietnam
; Z; k2 J1 G1 {: o% v899 Indonesia
" Q1 B6 K- D- n3 b* e90 -91 Austria' q, u% S2 Q; E" m/ s
93 Australia [5 x) i+ \* A6 |9 X" [9 [* A$ U
94 New Zealand
( S9 C m% V7 B9 M: m955 Malaysia
* I5 s! e& c2 p# {) y' o958 Macau
! @7 v5 H j, s) R2 ]& U* |977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)# Y) e/ ? e. A- K6 G# m6 G
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
' z0 l) g3 ]9 m979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number); y: F# }; B7 x9 R& N1 Q
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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