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一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……
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5 U4 a5 C8 Y, T$ p9 k. H! F1 [至于性毛病,更是老中难于启齿、欲语还羞的尴尬。见到洋医生,窘迫万分,不知如何开口才是,真有「犹抱琵琶半遮面」的感受。7 k9 d* h, a- J; ~. i' U
: G h3 K' y9 t" G以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
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厕所
3 I- r H1 p0 e5 D4 k+ c在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
% P4 e, v5 h& F, B解小便
& B. x) `. b0 f# {4 H- I最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:「Will (could) you urinate in this cup?」医生或许也会问:「Do you have trouble urinating?」=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)$ i" p1 n, f/ n# _ }7 i: M8 F
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此外,还有其他的说法:to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:/ }! Y* i" u2 i! o- u
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* I need to piss = I have to take a leak./ Y' {' ]5 `5 b
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)
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2 y1 }) H$ u) e1 Z4 m$ S此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
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8 e4 b4 s2 J2 [( `7 D* {* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.(在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。)
/ w2 X& x9 \+ [0 g* He went to the john a few minutes ago.(他在几分钟前上了厕所。)0 Q0 b2 p$ w! \9 Q
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.(劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。); F% q; {5 ^% ~* E; ~* `( s6 W
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不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:4 ?. I) I- Y2 s6 E# H$ n+ s
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* The boy needs to pee.
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6 V; q1 q$ Q- H0 C然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。 例如:
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* Do I need a urine test?5 W2 f4 t; {. L8 m: j# ^' i1 v
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注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:7 a6 u, w% }3 Q$ G) V5 u" d" u0 h M
- f0 ~5 L# l6 A* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.+ \' Q4 m2 {* f F
* He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满)
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+ b$ S7 n/ r* d; Z/ j+ ]如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
5 U/ x/ U& i2 Y- d# b- C" r* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
8 y' y! X' h" m1 q) r4 {7 a7 {* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)$ t( V* H) e" H; c [/ g/ n& h& \
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)8 q9 U; B4 z& |
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)& @" ~' h+ d/ W6 K% ?+ g
解大便# I' A- p; K$ J) H
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a ####。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是「大肠在转动」)9 C* J: a; Y* M+ m
7 v+ x. y& [% t* `8 f* X9 u此外,还有其他的说法: to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:; W+ t; B8 N* m3 g; W5 ^9 i! f
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* The patient needs to take a ####. (=to make a bowel movement), I- e8 y4 Y$ @* j2 G8 }
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不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:3 t4 x; J9 h- c* |3 i( f; w+ a
6 o" C; y) q2 L z* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)! X! p" H0 U5 `; }) U. l# [" }
- c" T S1 w1 O+ J K; Z1 @& m但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:% V+ ]. w* }+ w1 q8 L& O. V2 k
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* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)$ A1 x; `9 l3 d7 F: f C
放屁! l2 Z% Y" o5 A8 B' K# l5 @
在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 例如:8 S; V2 z( r; d# ]* {
" V; U- A4 }+ {4 n, x/ `* 医生有时问:「How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?」(你放屁的次数很多吗?)2 ~& S' @: d6 y, h2 W7 g
* Is the gas expelled by belching?(是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?)(动词是 belch)0 K9 g, I! e* _3 d7 L5 M" l9 w
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.(吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。)
4 L% [/ G: b" {. o6 z* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.(过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。)
! B# T3 i! u; v5 F; R& x" H* Be careful not to fart in the public.(注意在公共场所不可放屁。)4 M; y/ r; r$ p: Z* f: p! m# Z
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至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:0 ]" B5 N. @& J2 f, }, o
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* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.- J* p3 Z6 m5 g6 G
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(注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
% R& v4 B4 D7 e' m! e* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.(胃不舒服有两星期了。)
5 |. O3 I2 Q+ B& \" l* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)(他经常便秘。) 或2 \- O& e7 M3 ?+ o/ v$ \
* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或/ N1 S9 v- g+ U% X& I
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
8 d+ E( ~# H- o3 C* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
, k+ y" h; [7 U! I8 K# w3 F4 g* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.(他拉了一阵肚子。) N) G" M, |2 [" x- |
* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)(大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。)7 P/ R; g% z$ ^$ ?, X
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5 X$ E$ k8 k6 R9 L3 s化妆品 cosmetics1 E: M* L' {! B% Y
化妆箱:cosmetics case
1 d( b0 d }) ]* L: \/ f唇膏:lipstick8 O) F3 r- v; u
粉底霜:foundation; vanishing cream) B: s! m5 s* C& Q4 f
油底霜:cold cream
6 \3 A! G h7 E7 Z粉扑:powder puff
) U% o, \2 b6 s眉笔:an eyebrow pencil
# E9 `+ H/ L, f0 a香水:perfume
/ m0 v; O% x+ B A/ v: b' _( r+ h眼影:eye shadow& L0 c) |0 F% r$ I1 }' S: r0 {1 R
乳液:skin milk
( L0 m! Z/ J" `! a. ~眼线笔:an eyeliner / an eye pencil, l, c! Y7 h- G& d
眼线膏:eye liner
3 k( @% R) Z: P眼影:eye shadow$ B: ~* m& ?' B/ W# H+ w
胭脂:rouge / fard / blusher
/ [2 _& ~5 C3 J( w洗面奶:cleansing milk( N3 o( D( M8 ?3 u7 J
去黑头洗面奶:biological cleanser
5 W9 j( N; M+ Q6 u+ n u7 r清洁面霜:clarifying cream; ^( L! d4 d2 h f! o
眼部御妆水:eye make up removing
1 B: n w& h, h' H按摩霜:massage cream- j! a' p, E5 W- [) [) T5 @8 Z
按摩油:massage oil
! N6 o( u- n! f# U面膜:mask
6 m, p* b% d( m e冷膜:freezing mask9 \+ G. B* ]4 J2 W( R
热膜:hotting mask
! z+ D% n D( v: q9 {1 C海藻面膜:seaweed mask) Q9 p+ U' [( q0 ~) n7 O
颈霜:restructuring compound for the neck
- k3 B. g4 {! W$ H3 R! F& m特效营养霜:rich nourishing cream
: E8 N# @/ a. K) f$ M8 d7 q5 e眼袋霜:eyelid cream
- S5 v6 m) h- q0 U8 ]眼部嗜喱:eye gel2 x( [! E# {4 ~ i9 {
日霜:day cream
; s( _& Q- e1 p4 b晚霜:night cream6 P/ k. e8 N0 n/ p. c
眼霜:eye cream
8 m2 m- R. _0 w& {精华素:Ampoule
& p: k5 u2 Y% E. G% C# D* g) H中性:normal
( _5 E# h2 }! n油性:oily
1 S1 T( I# [/ y: F) ?" Y干性:dry! a4 l4 |! @) y2 o9 U$ J
敏感性:sensitive# C0 W$ b9 e, F1 r; x# I3 q! i
紧肤:refirming
8 Z1 t* U9 y, M X% Y7 i补水:moisturizing
$ c: I" L7 E: a4 Z% I5 b补氧:oxygenating
5 g1 f" u b* Q, u* J3 o补充骨胶原:collagen hyalronic+ h7 V# h& E& R& I+ E7 |3 ]
倒膜:pour mask8 A# R2 E3 b3 ]2 ~/ r/ t
植物:plant/ ?4 \+ V) v" r+ e9 G8 l( E. X$ X
色素:pigment$ n3 |, x: W+ q8 E& _' E/ x
酸性:acidity. ^: ^% T) U3 j+ J$ o
碱性:alkaline
' F# c y. n2 F0 w1 S矿物质:mineral substance* d# _% }! Z2 k4 [* f7 F% X8 _
蛋白质:protein) E9 r6 Y, q" A; Y9 o+ O/ g
活性细胞素:energetic cell
: V/ m" y K. V. N0 O3 Y5 P维生素:vitamin
, M1 f2 h- D6 Q化妆品:cosmetic0 u/ y; a. {1 g! `/ v" r
氧化剂:oxidant
f7 v3 J. h' e' t8 ^胭脂:rouge# W9 X0 E7 I8 u9 H w
口红:lip stick5 y9 ~$ y) ~( s0 x, o* d W
粉饼:powder& B$ {' ~! h k% F$ n b
睫毛膏:mascara
4 |' P- C: r9 V# Z$ y粉底霜:foundation
" r: \8 i6 v8 t. q, i! n t: f# I眼线笔:eye liner pencil* O3 c$ k7 `+ N5 q9 o
眉笔:eyebrow pencil! J5 C: |$ f. ^- f
唇线笔:lip pencil- N) p, X" ], L+ a8 u& q" G
唇膏:lip stick/ M# H! V3 e- H* O
润唇膏:lip protector
9 N( u; i1 N' Q( {% L+ X' O9 C1 _/ G颜色:colour
& ~4 `% L' L1 f: m红色:red% x( l; ]7 |2 }! r
桔红色(橙色):orange
; I* @( x: E( s/ o; P- n玫瑰红:rose
8 x1 _9 q; g2 E# u棕色(咖啡色):brown/ i5 Z* h- P d( u8 V
黄色:yellow
- \) z8 i1 `% l8 x& w: x蓝色:blue: \! C0 n7 X( d6 L9 `
肉色:yellowish pink$ R9 S8 A4 M, A1 N5 w* K
黑色:black
7 B. q* g7 l8 [* I. @白色:white3 n# ?8 v: V8 D# l% a4 l! _) g0 E I
紫色:purple+ }5 J! D2 ~5 f% n
绿色:green6 t/ m+ A3 Y. m0 y- ~. }, O2 r
灰色:gray* I7 B/ d% k) n# Z( J
粉红色:pink3 }! s2 K- X: f% z- L% i& F# O
洗甲水:cleaner
/ P c0 K6 ~! L6 ?$ `6 u指甲油:nail polish: ~ w4 C+ U# O) t8 r# \
擦光剂:polish
3 N3 b. a9 ]8 x- \* s1 G酒精:alcohol
7 G. d( V* z/ _5 n* L( F液体:liquid, H9 i4 u2 s' K0 p0 w4 o
文眉:tattoo eyeline
& e# t* I6 A$ _0 {! k文睫毛线:upper eyeline- C5 B* O w) ], C: p: z8 X& L; x
文唇线:xlip
: k8 t- u5 S' ?, ^+ ?0 H深层皮肤护理:deep lifting
" i' \# p% ^* N! D4 i胸部护理:bust treatment
4 r4 R; q- [; _! x7 l5 {" g7 j+ P电眼睫毛:electronic eyelash
( r% W. i4 |% v r$ m修指甲:manicure
( ~" v1 m3 z1 s3 V1 |7 B) K剪指甲:trimx' k2 P, j% _( p# Y( m9 p
手部护理: hand care
1 N* O6 w+ ^- Q1 ^6 \+ _; n减肥护理:diet care1 K4 H- ]( ?. ?" u- F
腹部减肥:reduce abdomen
/ Z- ]6 Q( r2 D1 D打耳孔:pierce ears
/ p1 j# f% {+ N2 ~& B腿部脱毛:remove leg hours% P. N: B0 p8 V' Z m
新娘妆:bridal make up9 O, w: {+ ^# F, q
晚妆:evening make up3 {/ N, s& z3 E4 G: V
日妆:day make up
3 P; X+ K. M; u! F3 V皮肤护理:skin care' p) ~) @6 c2 X; Q8 I8 Q( F
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化妆品知名品牌中、英对照:
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美国品牌: `) j t: f' o2 D7 m0 `0 N+ W
雅芳 Avon. Y, a+ z8 A( c5 Q* y
潘婷 Penten
/ s, Y9 J" V8 a0 F: P( D7 K* F倩碧 Clinique- X' W/ f, Q; b. F, @5 }- t( q
强生 Johnson & Johnson
; n2 J6 d, r# U' a" ], O) `4 W* o \玫琳凯:Mary Key$ b0 @! d" p/ P$ W6 F- `* G D
玉兰油 Oil & Ulan# M2 A A8 o% a3 q1 y1 ?/ u
海飞丝 Head & Shoulders5 Y; T( K8 H1 p* i
高露洁 Colgare0 f9 k. F+ D* A( P5 ~
佳洁士 Cret
1 ^$ A& g9 t3 }/ K1 v) j$ L尤特白 Ultra Brite+ d% R4 M- B% n) C
露华侬 RevLon7 T& n6 a) }% T+ W6 W, e
美宝莲 Maybelline/ }- W" i, o4 ^% q
雅诗兰黛 Este’e Lander
9 O# q$ [. M' b/ x3 f伊丽莎白·雅顿 Eilzabeth Arden
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法国品牌:
8 v3 s, |% |! Z4 l! n3 A欧莱雅 L’oreal
9 O0 L. J5 T4 M8 E' ?7 ]兰 蔻 Lancome
$ z1 s, h, d7 k% d夏奈尔 Chanel0 O. s' d" ]- O; G2 m
歌雯琪 Givenchy& ]7 o. I& N, W5 o
圣罗兰 YSL
0 h) |0 d2 T9 X克里斯汀·迪奥 Christian Dior" O9 {8 l) i. O0 ?/ j
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英国品牌:
c) F- K4 N5 f$ \5 X$ Z# |3 b旁氏 Ponds; n4 D% k1 K' n& `
凡士林 Vasekine
/ v+ r }! s% }6 e4 p! A克莱伦丝 Chrins6 b+ U( R3 V9 F6 N9 g* S
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德国品牌:
4 S. T m! h/ @0 E花 牌 Fa4 Y; M' z" s3 _/ R
威 娜 Wella
2 Q' y. K# T% J. ~妮维雅 Nivea6 l) j: ?1 f8 D, l* V' L3 a/ x
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日本品牌:
" H/ B) C) Z8 w2 S8 b6 C! H花王 Kao- E5 l% ?, C* A8 Z, T+ f
资生堂 Shiaeibo
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英语学习 招聘广告缩略语中英文对照1 M2 |3 Y7 a8 s( m, Z1 i% l/ O
来源:互联网
3 G$ N/ m+ C. r6 p& ~% w" Z5 Y% c3 q# i, I) |( }5 k
admim administrative 行政的- x0 v/ o" Y( O+ z
Jr junior 初级
4 V0 R1 N; d/ c: p4 f: ~2 Fad/adv advertising 广告) Y ~1 }8 p% i
K 1000元+ I! E9 v& u: m4 P
agcy agency 经销商
5 r$ [' ]# y. f, S4 {knowl knowledge 知识
4 Z* ` z7 r5 ` H( I& [appt appointment 约会、预约: m5 j1 B- S: G1 t. d0 H- o
loc location 位置、场所% H0 E& O8 R% V1 O/ {
asst assistant 助理
8 S6 V4 Q$ N( g; z3 Y9 _Lv/lvl level 级/层0 J4 \( `0 r3 W* |! W c
attn attention 给, 与…联系
1 e+ r1 s7 H, l1 [; n- `$ pmach machine 机器
$ K$ U# S3 p% R2 U4 K9 [bkgd background 背景
" R* f- L, N6 b3 Y6 I, G8 Smanuf/mf manufacturing 制造) K2 a% m' ]7 j3 ~5 V
bldg building 建筑物、大楼3 a! i: U( g, c9 k1 ]' p' U l/ _
mech mechanic 机械的# u ] U3 t) i. E1 A% b/ t
bus business 商业、生意
! n9 V+ g- x' u- Jmgr manager 经理! @3 p6 Y3 \! v
clk clerk (办公室)职员9 @; t7 n7 x; j+ \$ u$ [1 a
m-f monday-friday 从周一到周五/ c1 j& {& g3 I7 d9 m4 ~/ y! }
co company 公司/ g0 X+ j! s* ^7 |& s
mo month 月
3 M# U/ H, X7 O1 b6 v8 e4 `7 hcoll college 大专(学历)
3 n/ m; K+ k) ]1 Rnec necessary 必要的/ V# m( A% d q' A
comm commission 佣金
7 j1 C2 m: a, {0 j: }( Woppty opportunity 机会
. X: i# ^" V7 `) O# @corp cororation (有限)公司+ }0 ^ f9 Y( ?. O0 M
ot overtime 超时% D- }' L' A% f4 X9 k
data pro data processing 数据处理: ]% @$ |4 G6 w* i
perm permanent 永久性的
/ U& V" _1 H& o7 J0 p2 R) ~% O7 D0 rdept department 部
6 g8 e! N4 f: Jpls please 请
4 o4 E t/ C% xdir director 董事
8 m6 o2 B( h0 q( o0 cpos position 职位
& v+ v2 O ~/ Z. b. udiv division 分工、部门6 y, c1 d" u: ?$ n- H) o. S
pref preference (有经验者)优先
' C$ P1 d' X3 I4 ?9 G h$ Xeqpt equipment 装备* a9 R1 \: Q0 O y
prev previous 有先前(经验)
6 {( t8 V4 O0 N0 ^( uetc and so on 等等% g# H& Z0 a# n Q
P/T part time 非全日制
- T% k2 H5 g5 h& X9 deves evenings 晚上0 b- G4 A; V5 q+ z# o
refs references 推荐信( D' b/ r8 Y# \+ P
exc excellent 很好的
* v. n L* e+ Vrel reliable 可靠的
% T/ K$ A! u: }+ S" d: z1 pexp experience 经验
# g9 y" {; @1 @) p$ ~! A) [6 f; ?reps Representative (销售)代表' J5 I% F9 H) b7 n8 l
exp’d experienced 有经验的
T- A( r9 T+ ~, ]1 v7 S$ |2 xreq required 需要6 j& Z7 F% Z( Y
ext extension 延伸、扩展
( r% `& [$ T9 z; z$ q E, }sal salary 工资
+ W3 {1 P9 d2 P, yfr. ben fringe benefits 额外福利
, I/ s8 y$ B: Y6 }7 r& m2 A7 [: usecty secretary 秘书, d# U8 z: X# O- q. N( y2 i
F/T full time 全日制/ ^# u0 G1 ^/ ]: e4 t
sh shorthand 人手不足0 H& n: Y* z% @, Y' G& @
gd good 好- C5 }( q+ i/ d/ f" N0 A ?
sr senior 资深
P, {/ u u1 z, V+ Xgrad graduate 毕业
6 Q2 x4 P+ b) ~6 c# f9 @stdnt student 学生
- Q' ~* @- n `hosp hospital 医院
8 @. U5 ^1 y" Fstmts statements 报告6 q ]9 I6 T, P. s1 ~2 P
hqtrs headquarters 总部& f) P) @% @- w; Q* Y) f
tech technical 技术上3 x* }: z4 n6 D, ? f, x# u
hr hour 小时- K- F; s( \) N# P( E8 t7 r5 q* d9 X
tel/ph telphone 电话
+ }7 c/ o: ^( @1 l$ }( [/ x+ shrly hourly 每小时- U" p* Y$ \) r" g5 p
temp temporarily 临时性(工作)
i5 y. }7 H0 Y# q% ]HS high school 高中(学历)& j1 D" k. }! w- v
trans transportation 交通
- g5 e! s, B, C( g7 S" ]immed immediate 立即# y0 V4 j. e8 E4 n" Z
trnee trainee 实习生/ f2 E& c' c; F3 P! _
incl including 包括
) E5 C. K, U* {6 t$ xtyp typing/typist 打字/打字员 N; C# |: O0 W- v2 n' }! o
ind industrial 工业的
% G# P% Z8 T! h; w6 E; b+ xwk week/work 周/工作5 a' l+ ~1 p0 z! B ]
inexp inexperienced 无经验的# d) }- E: N& w4 n8 \
Wpm words per minute 打字/每分钟
6 u8 h4 Z# o, s8 q1 Fint’l international 国际性的6 l- {! z3 b* h' t4 z
yr(s) Year(s) 年3 z, x, {$ B6 A
8 n/ J0 T7 H" `% W! |9 b* c& ~+ g中英对照看病就诊名词8 s) h U+ D% ]; F, n/ [1 ^
; s; @& G2 Y7 O" L0 q医学名词 Medical Terminology- p! z: S4 u3 p7 N2 o/ W
---------------------------------
. M8 p5 Z' F; j0 J% f( L过敏 Allergy
3 v% M$ q. f" Z+ l7 ~1 L, P3 o4 p; j健康诊断 Gernral Check-up
; {; p1 R; `/ @$ r! u: zPhysical Examination
1 }. E- z0 O: C; e; g$ J检查 Examination, Z9 q! m7 I; Y f* f6 J
入院 Admission to Hospotial- e% c3 l* V+ Y3 b; B. J9 W
退院 Discharge from Hospital
! l, J6 ]# Y% F Y. u症状 Symptom
, T2 e) P$ T9 }' F8 K营养 Nutrition+ j8 M( ~% D# O0 h K
病例 Clinical History4 D6 k4 U/ V# @; o7 {$ J7 ?
诊断 Diagnosis% n* R. T, o, y* u0 H# s6 G, f
治疗 Treatment
4 f9 z1 f, J) P8 Z+ {预防 Prevention
" w1 `/ s1 A+ i; y: h. p呼吸 Respiration8 f8 Z6 ~7 L6 c$ ~8 N" q
便通 Bowel Movement
9 w- X: v: w2 Z0 H9 X! U U' W便 Stool
0 L! J- `9 i' {血液 Blood4 C2 D8 ?% @3 `4 }: |" ~ Z' C8 E
脉搏 Pulse, Pulsation8 ?5 {: ^3 f) h) C; }% x6 a3 r
尿 Urine
4 N9 `2 x4 @* H1 _3 b脉搏数 Pulse Rate
+ K/ M0 [6 B/ ~7 |血型 Blood Type- M/ r" E. L: O" _
血压 Blood Pressure
4 X8 {/ y6 G! `; T& x麻醉 Anesthesia& _9 N1 i9 L/ x3 k
全身麻醉 General Anesthesia
* m4 D u5 i$ w静脉麻醉 Intravenous Anesthesia
T( _/ h& u( k, c脊椎麻醉 Spinal Anesthesia0 F7 e% e( z3 W5 r( O9 ]1 W
局部麻醉 Local Anesthesia
- F. O" j4 G! K$ `! J9 P手术 Operation
7 r* m E4 `0 u+ p! ^& `! V切除 Resectionlie/ q, b: k+ m6 }3 ~5 C. J2 Z
副作用 Side Effect
& [3 R, P9 f+ |% b) p' @洗净 Irrigation, f- m# X( s- y- z
注射 Injection) W" @* o" ]* o/ K7 r5 S7 Q
X光 X-Ray3 j7 S! M, j4 P: G: S T, S2 e5 g
红外线 Ultra Red-Ray
5 J* U& E: k( L/ f; X- O F5 v慢性的 Chronic
2 s4 Z" @* r$ ~! D8 x急性的 Acute& M1 `9 s5 m- H8 N; B/ T" V2 D
体格 Build
0 b' a# {# Y) h- S2 M# T亲戚 Relative
, t+ m, f6 H( [* d, k/ n, t' ~0 t遗传 Heredity
$ \5 [& U7 K5 x" A& [免疫 Immunity" G& K3 t+ c. ^3 z0 ?
血清 Serum
; _- R! B5 G9 ^) I T% M2 e流行性的 Epidemic
7 W' Y8 e- `0 \% {5 U ~- f潜伏期 Incubation Period2 r; A9 `# w1 \
滤过性病毒 Virus0 h2 Y* d3 W# O+ R
消毒 Sterilization
5 R6 g9 X- y' f抗生素 Antibiotic, H. u$ D0 i& j5 V9 t
脑波 E.E.G
- v0 ~) H) B B- _洗肠 Enema& g0 j% i/ a. }
结核反映 Tuberculin Reaction
3 e- O. o; V5 V+ U2 l% i% \. U华氏 Fahrenheit
+ d# I0 M$ h# R1 J摄氏 Celsius, Centigrade
g6 W6 p! F/ e9 v5 q9 V+ p; Z2 u8 [( a) P4 b0 c: Z: h6 B2 e
药品 Medicine
3 h. l( h. f V=================+ {1 {2 q/ c) C+ ^
冰袋 Ice Bag9 d9 U. e7 M) M+ A! }2 n: |: @
药品 Medicine (Drug), X0 N1 V, s1 O; Z
绷带 Bandage
2 {+ ]& [, y& i; Z# { S) A9 a胶带 Adhesive Tape
6 b+ R8 q" ^' J, F. t6 d剪刀 Scissors4 p& r1 j0 } Q+ e! \
体温计 Thermometer
" J4 t. Z: {+ m' l! S药丸 Tablet, Pill
0 H }4 Y4 ~" q3 |; @% a9 G4 c舌下锭 Sublingual Tablet
+ P% c+ q5 b5 ]; |, \2 W胶囊 Capsules# _' ?- Y! C: d* ~) [$ E
软膏 Ointment
. s h0 ~% N) P; j* H. K% q眼药 Eye Medicine
+ T9 M7 E5 d8 B止咳药 Cough Medicine
3 O* f" J* Z+ |4 R* V L% t5 Y: z阿司匹林 Aspirin+ t- G" F* c4 a9 k5 G: f+ Y
止疼药 Pain Killer
4 j( {5 T; N3 p# S/ m药方 Prescription
1 W) a4 ]" e& c+ b: [
' r, \+ j' e/ |7 [3 m1 C/ i+ B症状及名称$ v# R0 t' v% q
一般症状
9 `% r+ r A9 A0 L============================
; Y" P7 G0 }% z3 p9 w, L( ~发烧 Fever
6 ~# L4 [7 f' e, x+ B' t. Y高烧 High Fever
3 U V2 X2 ^: H0 C. C发冷 Chillsz& J: r* L% c4 c5 V/ d$ W$ i
发汗 Sweats- i8 t1 Y4 _8 R$ B% d( l) U
盗汗 Night Sweats
. i" s, v! W* R: u* y) G倦怠 Tireness
! e9 g; f: L: P% g+ |失眠 Insomnia
% ~& u R7 w. V* G O6 Z5 B肩头发硬 Stiffness in Shoulder4 {( X2 y: d# k# `- j7 O# z0 ^# B6 G
打喷嚏 Sneeze
: _, V4 V& o6 o4 X9 z+ @0 [4 \打嗝 Hiccup
8 G/ R e0 |1 _ v' C, L痒 Itch5 I. y7 a' \. v& |" M
腰疼 Low Back Pain3 ~; O8 f7 K* t6 Q
头疼 Headache' }% D; C' Y- c4 O3 N
痛 Pain (Ache)
$ }- n! u) p. B5 t急性疼痛 Acute Pain- ?- F; p1 h1 p6 d
激痛 Severe Pain: @/ O; J- s/ M$ d8 q# K: _
钝痛 dull Pain1 ?1 t$ u& p2 e7 Y
压痛 Pressing Pain" e6 ] G% @( Q9 h6 I! P
刺痛 Sharp Pain8 m9 W7 c R$ F
戳痛 Piercing Pain
& }: m1 b3 K, W; i一跳一跳地痛 Throbbing Pain
& D8 O7 w, M: X6 ^. L/ @$ J- }针扎似的痛 Prickling Pain( e* e0 B+ \+ N& m+ |
烧痛 Burning Pain
" {2 X( B! T, v7 X0 Y2 P5 I, c/ k裂痛 Tearing Pain2 [8 j& w+ F) I" u3 {0 q
持续痛 Continuous Pain) l1 i1 B! n" N e/ v9 l6 }6 V
不舒服 Uncomfortable
$ T1 S. R2 h8 B# j3 c# F* ]* o绞痛 Colic% z T# i$ Y r% _
放射痛 Rediating Pain' j# W, w8 z8 Y2 L9 Q& ~ x
溃烂痛 Sore Pain* k: ^; n* ] }- ~' Z8 S
痉挛痛 Crampy Pain
+ X" `8 q) d w7 y9 f顽痛 Persistent Pain8 }! M# d) {$ T3 P9 m
轻痛 Slight Pain+ B, f9 N; o9 y' f/ f; N' \; B
血尿 Bloody Urine
/ j1 t! f% h4 b; m9 f9 l浓尿 Pyuria8 D, W) E9 [7 t t# P
粘液便 Mucous Stool
7 H# g S1 I( Y. q5 p l! l粘土样便 Clay-Colored Stool, C3 K' B" f( J4 t
验血 Blood Analysis) {. \5 q/ {3 |3 i& p' j) ]( J# O* \
红血球 Red Cell
9 J4 x7 i, B$ P* h, u; ~白血球 White Cell* e ~" w! i: f. o0 L; A
呼吸数 Respiration Rate. p2 z, ~9 d' ~7 S o
呼气 Expiration
! R" z* A) j( F* Y# ^/ m- A吸气 Inspiration
/ N' G' O J* o呼吸困难 Difficulty in Breathing: R1 V+ A; K& ^8 w! u4 e9 v
不规则脉搏 Irregular Pulse
0 K/ p) N' [$ h6 ^+ q b6 `8 S. d# [) y- r慢脉 Bradycardia% J& k$ X' E5 j, c' ]) u/ j
快脉 Rapid Pulse- b9 U: S1 g0 n$ X
尿浑浊 Cloudy Urine3 H Q# L: R l8 J
蛋白质 Albuminuria( _! d0 g7 o% Y y
糖尿 Glucosuria
% u! n0 u. \( ~# c& f: ~瘦 thin, Skinny
. ^! f" d. s! n5 C4 [2 q肥 Fat |
|