 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
# `1 b7 }" R6 g- h# G) @+ w) h! kInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 w ~% z$ T% n' W5 B7 d
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,5 p3 }! A; e8 ]7 z$ O1 q* s# L9 w
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial9 a: u7 F p( F
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 ~* v4 h* K- d4 z
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).2 n7 _* I$ g# { g% [ C# `
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=$ a( y. s8 W! q$ }1 c% U+ P- _
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
$ P1 a# n7 C2 j(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving" s2 @7 c- r3 `: Q4 w h" x9 p% T' K
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on# c0 _; O$ k! F% ]9 u) V: e
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
/ a/ ^) x% y; D5 G(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
; w" R3 E2 F# e, H3 Osegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' J9 w0 u2 u) m: D/ U! K# E$ I
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
8 p) p6 e; \. {2 _, c9 U/ Tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In! J' U# a7 c3 L- a& H
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,- s# k. P: R- U& ^8 w9 R
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..: T. S7 v1 W/ m
, Q( f1 q9 L3 U& q1 d(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)% @/ o0 S8 s$ H" q1 I
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
