 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; {9 F1 A, R* `
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 x" Z2 \* H0 b; p7 O& T
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 C2 [' J/ T2 ~: q# a' P+ Eand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial# T; v9 H3 \: W7 k4 z* o3 L8 O- ^
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of- M% B4 Q$ C- ?7 p+ \% ?% {( |
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).% V C# k2 C* R
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
/ I7 Q0 G" }) ?% Q, `[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 ]% |3 Y; g C" s9 F& K+ J
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
5 c9 A- m7 Z: `retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
4 x9 N% \5 o8 {) U# V, j& H$ w! kpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* X. W0 A2 I5 `5 W9 m$ Y8 k(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
8 t, g- C* W) e' K5 @1 s7 Osegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a1 k. _3 |9 M0 f _* V
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.) ^5 J9 y+ o+ V9 T! [" z
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In6 m S$ }+ w3 E2 R
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
) V/ M' c% j. B, {4 i$ kthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
5 ~8 q7 w) i' O d
+ s W: K5 E& a1 O9 e- g: m" S' r(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)% }! N o5 m+ E, |' |
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
