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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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# F& g$ a, W( M0 |3 Z/ f6 Q, B- }, uhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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; d5 Q" b) P3 X; yJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China3 V7 I7 T$ Y1 y; I ^+ y1 b
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of- q3 n) M, [' s- f) I" k
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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/ [* ?2 f+ l0 u, DLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
- A3 R5 p* ?) ]+ u* lFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.& D( @3 Q5 F$ X* b ]( T
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ." C3 ]6 x/ k/ T/ m* P7 N7 o( l) Z
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018: u3 I( ^! S4 f- @- p
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract) x7 n" g; p6 n, l6 e6 `
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing; J" J1 d% \6 k3 N$ c
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The3 x# x ~- I) n e( D" A
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
* N0 u! {" ?& Uengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not# U1 g: _* q$ t9 r* k8 {
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
) Y% p, o+ Q* |% ]5 {/ uworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly$ w& I" m6 T) ]* t
to the standardization of the scientific terminology {7 x2 X B; ]( C; Y
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s8 X" L0 ]0 g3 }- m
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
9 G9 K5 C' Q; e5 @* z/ ?0 p& \7 eand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
3 c# d) `9 D( z' z! T4 {8 m. Kstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
& a& Z8 `. C4 D0 |' u/ Cin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
# d, s7 [. ?9 Y8 Vhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
' ~2 V4 ^5 y1 p5 `6 `2 r1 pof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
7 g8 ]) d# f8 A2 Lthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way6 j9 J6 m0 R" b. R) O0 `5 Z# |
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
" O. ?' H& @. H/ k6 K p8 Y' Pthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
+ j2 t8 e( {9 a2 r- f3 u1 D( [# Jgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific: y- Y5 z3 h8 e/ R0 o
terminology. W+ `8 s- B0 Z7 v: f# m% |3 l+ m4 X+ S
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;, [+ ]9 C$ O! m c8 @: ~+ q
Standardization of terminology translation
$ b( D5 a) {/ |Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to7 ]; g$ S9 y3 n8 e5 E
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
- j' `) B4 }: ?0 A6 }2 B" ]& PChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available L3 m0 W3 J( @" s3 e4 R
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
# ?7 e0 E9 k+ w8 c5 H' hDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213% P9 P; x" K3 K! i; ?
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INTRODUCTION
9 T' x! h. ?+ ~# L! ]1 MJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
4 R, U5 }+ r; t# \, _0 e8 U2 za great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
# j7 J9 b k* C F: I( iDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
( d' {* z/ m8 S3 y5 _Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
& G& S% V5 w9 d& Z1 `St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed$ l6 t/ u3 u0 ^+ R) r: t) j! @4 g
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
. J9 p' A6 r/ Z" i1 ~an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on! o9 t; \: [1 l4 E2 s
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-8 w& @7 o5 f- o8 i; `
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
; Z+ R. D1 `( T' t- J$ L0 C7 `* hworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,0 R5 {: ~- j! i! S5 n4 H# g% P
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.' J5 r. l# E$ K' U
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
2 p! I* c5 w. s% L/ d, \+ Xto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
* n4 u, ~* ]: S- I# |' G" ` i0 zwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
}. ]; I7 n1 i: L2 c/ nrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
: v6 c$ q+ ]. N, g( x5 ~3 u+ F/ Y, UFryer translated more than one hundred of Western( [& l6 r: G, A: x# \
books that made him the most productive one among the, r# v3 ?+ @( F2 g1 x
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
4 F5 b+ u6 p! O! g1 K0 |+ Q6 a0 utranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a# C4 A% |. W7 C5 k% Q1 L' n" r+ {
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
; A% U" w+ P0 Lpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).7 R/ ~3 X9 x3 h7 b/ p* e c
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer4 A1 b: c4 j; _) L5 k
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
2 r+ j7 k$ S4 b$ ^9 i7 tscience and the standardization of translated scientific; c& ^: T7 j) Z0 F0 ]
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
+ O- L* r3 b) w( P2 Fmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
; H+ i* W( n8 g. P* R$ jestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
! ]3 }# L% |5 ?7 Xcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
. t0 F1 J! s: X, F6 wof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
! O5 }6 S# c( gModern China.
, |; t! e% U8 U0 B* `5 aAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
* o- t1 Z* h) t/ b( lThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
) C4 H4 R) }( `6 b: d$ a( m8 m3 x* O% ztravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
. t% Y) ?3 F/ ^2 ], sa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In0 y4 c. Z' J9 I, ~0 Y4 b
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and2 G$ m8 k; T9 m' `& _3 d; W
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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