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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106880 N) N5 i9 Z+ l8 N8 d
& J0 l# q+ I' N3 p# g9 B/ i8 ^# cJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
% n4 H+ R z! \# {: `7 T) wYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
7 t6 y7 D; u$ i& Q( N* oFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.3 m! Y2 G+ n# u- b* m
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" _ r2 P; T& X
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .6 Y" _- Y" A. R( _: u
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018& @. u+ y9 A+ K5 y; F% M4 R) m
Published online 26 January 20180 t) X. y! n D
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Abstract/ H( D4 t' a5 X
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
: ]2 ?0 g: g9 iDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
2 e/ |' Q5 f* O% B+ i0 MTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
- r+ M% I L3 Q3 Gengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not% @/ `' k9 L, P5 d
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
. {) Z" ^# Z6 X3 \8 [4 _2 s0 j- zworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
& i; Z" ]. W& o( Lto the standardization of the scientific terminology4 o& Q% i; p# i. {
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s; r x3 v( F* s; }4 Y8 f6 Z
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
8 L0 i2 `- _6 Z. V" o' Uand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
~( ^- N+ t3 t( t. Pstandardization of the scientific terminology translation8 h' H! v& q; m" h% r* j
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
* u- s6 r/ J! I3 \1 S; K# Phe established had helped greatly with the popularization7 _# a3 D1 I2 T
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
& m( r3 R @: p/ ~the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way! q4 l) S7 ~% I
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and, S% B4 r9 s) `0 X. q7 t
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
. A: z$ J) `# |' l: x/ sgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific4 j$ g5 R; U4 N* y; Z- W& U
terminology.( M6 `) |7 X* E2 B6 l
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
* T9 |( c' {, T3 n: H1 t: iStandardization of terminology translation/ y' C" ]+ |* _# J% c- d
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
, S# i, X9 i: V- ]Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
6 D& ]& K$ x9 E |0 r+ J. m% z1 K- VChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available+ f; y* @0 p n z
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ f; U# M# T0 Q8 Q) y& r$ t( z
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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8 G" H) p9 l( P! H6 S# FINTRODUCTION
) U: |2 [/ n. r% G7 f% P% LJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
6 `$ y0 i- }/ u8 E# S; a1 ja great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
/ T1 R5 V) G G6 h. y! ^Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
! \, Y- v5 H) O9 d$ bHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of' ` r: s! z- S; v9 `* I# F6 @
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed5 i: ?7 A- J4 j t+ k5 T+ u- \
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as' w, y3 ^3 H$ q& t; o* Z% U
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
4 l4 g, l( O' {3 Dhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
' K& k# ?9 y! c# T+ h7 x1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific% q& {* b3 ?* o2 p: v, V9 u6 J
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,5 B# y* N) x2 J( ~1 t
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.* n0 M& x& Q3 e
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated! \7 Q. t U# o6 ]
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant+ x' ?; r A; s
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,, P2 U5 Z2 q; ^- j& G) t, h$ |
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,% [) m$ a; m& N3 m
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western6 B! c& p0 r2 e
books that made him the most productive one among the
: z5 f/ G s6 {7 Qforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,, w+ G* e/ g& D1 l# g, _
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a4 C o) B0 \# v
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
% B+ D6 Q2 o. @/ W- h7 C+ e5 y' Cpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).' @+ K4 h) h4 L# m3 q9 D8 ], D2 u
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer7 I1 F/ H8 K5 r- W# G
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
) i& d. U# o+ z) x' Escience and the standardization of translated scientific! }, s) e! Y9 ~; ~3 G
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific& C0 [. [" Q6 A0 @, p. U& u1 A
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
6 t& `1 J& i7 f- s3 J8 O3 [5 `! cestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
) h3 \5 I) Q7 V! W% {/ \' ]contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
. D; ^" L: n1 c. j, `4 Oof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in) m* c# b3 {" q# s* M# D
Modern China.; V3 f: _ K# s8 l- r0 j9 N$ M
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
7 C( S! t! W9 K/ vThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
. S/ v5 p4 S1 q/ ?( M) Jtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing$ N6 ^* p+ f, s4 q% k/ Y
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In+ V% _# d- K1 K- o3 b% B
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and% k( \9 B/ O, V: {" m& {) i8 k
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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