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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 1 t, q: X. F; h. F% }+ _" g' i
; i8 x: ~* S+ S' Ohttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China- g% F/ g0 [, y0 j9 P
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
) m7 T" P! g4 ]' qFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 v- f4 L$ E" ^& Z# L) ], ]
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
5 C/ R/ j2 e3 G3 zFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 L. G; W9 u1 |: k; h7 @. l W
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
, {0 j5 c+ G2 r7 f/ {. S$ rReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20183 V+ K5 X' i" d- p9 U& F
Published online 26 January 2018
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1 R6 P. N6 K, {9 W; ?8 n: aAbstract
0 E4 M4 n6 J5 M7 ~John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing2 o) [+ O/ q& _" C3 x) |
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The+ `7 D/ O. O$ z3 D, D0 L' b5 u
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been) B- u/ F' J5 h$ z
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not8 t% D/ B& Z" S( c0 k
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
4 o7 s* f4 ?3 l$ Sworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
1 V' x2 |, A! U k2 d0 x0 j/ Z( |2 Bto the standardization of the scientific terminology
# B7 A, n( m; E! h# d. o+ n4 ztranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
' O4 G: h: Y- gscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
' j, G0 q+ k; a0 |and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
" j' i1 B7 S1 @" \$ {standardization of the scientific terminology translation
4 ]4 R/ }2 q7 s) V- Hin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien8 `7 f6 q- D3 w; d
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
5 |, W2 g8 R& A& bof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
' }, n7 |) g0 r; rthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way R( [4 P0 a! U8 Y6 J: D# s" O9 `
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
' O+ L' B" `8 @" _7 g9 ithat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
- g# Y- ]8 ~5 i# n7 z2 H) Mgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
$ A# o4 A! K5 ?) \8 o" |9 Rterminology.
3 {$ \1 e7 J; l. h, P) I" JKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
4 Z. {( j7 I4 M7 ~. QStandardization of terminology translation
0 [4 s' b/ Z5 @$ O: W5 `- zYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
8 h" G. b5 q+ `, |5 }$ x% w& VStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
! i5 Z6 B# g! r( t' l- M3 PChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
5 Z$ \4 }( Q. H% N; m# pfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102139 K/ T2 C+ K' j* k
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213& m4 P, b. }( V- r* X
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INTRODUCTION
% P7 l) u5 b: `3 u4 o+ GJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
) n7 X+ T0 y' O2 b" ja great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
& K. \$ n$ u1 C" s0 ?Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
) M- q: \. U* \. ~Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of: ?8 V, t) ?! ~
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
' V8 Q1 u, K& i* w+ H+ O( @. Jby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as( ^% d2 u9 A0 S+ {/ Z) c; i5 }
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on6 C7 F1 |$ _* A4 P
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-$ l8 l8 f6 Z+ {6 _0 e' F
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific+ S1 h0 K0 E. _/ ]
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,9 z5 l. v( g- k9 n5 D
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
3 a( @, X0 U' q9 Y) n- K2 `# j" BNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
5 K. u& T7 H- ~* S: Pto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant" M! j5 k6 x3 v8 u
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,0 z1 x- p9 n$ }9 `! N3 D
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
9 E& ~; e; K' ~2 G% H, U: zFryer translated more than one hundred of Western0 U- v D2 c9 N3 I1 j1 C( i
books that made him the most productive one among the
0 g2 |3 J) U5 D: c2 bforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
$ S9 K, I2 Z- ]- `3 \ \translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
9 i: x s7 \( m! S) p, |noble work which could help accelerate the process of9 U' Z, R/ Y4 E& s
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).8 f: {' {' v( S; g" e
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer8 r+ P" [" s' N$ |3 n3 m& f/ I
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western# q/ S( t; A5 U7 ~) U
science and the standardization of translated scientific! Q0 L1 ^5 I8 g' y2 g% I5 S0 {% N6 i
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific, t- e9 n. I! [$ M
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the' I' I8 B- \! w9 \
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
/ N* U. C5 m. G9 f9 Pcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series) {3 g J+ T+ X1 ~2 d/ Z7 L. `) @# M
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
9 c% X5 F$ c' s; y# E& {! |. uModern China.
$ c# }5 w: N5 e7 h$ ?An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
* c7 q. \( }' F9 ~ _/ \. U$ PThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of# f) w7 v7 R& X t! X% J
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
6 }/ ]* f3 @4 y Na lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
* i) q# W+ L8 N4 T/ ^$ C7 X* kJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and9 b, y+ }+ Q: H0 Q `" R
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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