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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 " @, }2 w$ g( q; h {
( Y$ S0 [- C1 F9 S% l' I! B, |$ ihttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106889 M& f+ N) h: p$ @% A
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China0 f5 H# U2 p3 E2 t
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
: B6 F# l$ g/ z* g) q$ m6 gFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China. i2 q# ^0 V0 t
# E1 m% Q7 O& }; O/ ^2 zLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of* ^+ F0 |* z# ^( v
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 m- N |% g8 H! ^5 R* r! `7 q$ }+ o
- ]+ N: i$ [/ u: B% L1 t3 D
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .' S5 z! O3 R4 r8 Y4 p6 {2 K3 _
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018; j# y& k% Y% i* B% [: S: ?, N
Published online 26 January 20180 T( x1 l) V( @4 E0 p4 z f
" A, p& t: o! M8 e2 ^
" u! Z) T! p3 J4 y. q0 I1 O6 {Abstract, x x4 c3 m+ ^1 M. e
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
8 q' g* W- y# r6 [( nDynasty who came to China and was employed by The- t }% D4 E6 j+ g, H
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
5 u* O! h( I7 D+ M; qengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not0 H' q$ [% Z: ~: p
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
$ L1 B* n) a1 Q$ qworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly: J4 D+ d& o1 H/ _6 Z0 \: f0 D; A
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
+ V2 T! u+ [+ p3 M4 \translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s+ i: E5 V, d5 w3 G5 h5 U2 s; i% i* t0 L
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,8 N& Q4 `* J- C+ w" @+ J' l
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
8 u: i0 W# a% g( Rstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
" T/ T4 E( u" f; |6 Gin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien* N) n0 Q2 C9 Z/ }7 A6 P, ?
he established had helped greatly with the popularization$ K% V) M: Z1 L4 w6 ~3 Q/ ?8 r
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
" W, p! j4 N, ythe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way$ X+ s; O. R4 |
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
$ s/ D# W- ^( E: b9 b7 O( I" [: i8 dthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
& G1 ?6 b* g3 d5 |8 }great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
/ ~, W0 R' b, a* nterminology.+ J5 I1 t! r2 v- \6 [0 ~
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;: Y% K# W# g' `7 X
Standardization of terminology translation b3 H6 l( y. P: t- Q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
2 m0 o% Q) x9 M) l H# IStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
F: {' X5 U" R. Q& ~$ _+ C: HChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
" ]& ?0 l# S& V: Nfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/ _) `8 b3 _. @+ s; {
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213: D. w+ T- y7 E7 K( y
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INTRODUCTION
( a( O/ U* I* O0 iJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
' n, ` q$ V! d8 u3 I ]a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).; v b+ C$ T1 q) @+ m. K
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
( [0 N6 W8 y; o- r: E: P5 oHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
5 a( _2 z& R: z* q7 y0 p. ZSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
0 y* c3 Y. C4 C/ Xby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as! ]: ~4 t2 X! q/ b1 m# t# F
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
G" z0 G# ]$ Y: N" R0 t8 H0 M# {his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-. i- l: J# O! w& H
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
: C) ]6 _* `4 x* v+ Zworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,5 y* Q8 q/ W* L/ R1 v1 S
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.3 n# u$ g2 ~! B* A$ {
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated' X5 R4 V# C# f0 A$ c$ ?
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant) H! g' I( L) h7 {
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
( B, S8 R8 ?2 Q; U6 k2 e, Trevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,5 @4 R7 k0 y, l" l% t, o& n
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
; f; s! z- g: b$ \2 a+ zbooks that made him the most productive one among the& N0 D: y. J. [5 n
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
3 h' O( d; z G" p @! X. Ytranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a# A' v: U+ b7 F1 F- \# z
noble work which could help accelerate the process of4 n2 k% G& P6 s, t4 T: h5 D* h
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).4 q8 N% e/ R7 s
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer6 b5 j# ^1 k3 x+ K* m, ^" j
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western0 I! e8 I. }. A$ e6 b* W
science and the standardization of translated scientific/ W% b) r, @" D( E9 V! S
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
: q0 D8 P. @5 }+ _0 Lmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the/ [: L9 l& }9 q/ I
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another& l/ G' W3 j" Q6 ?
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series" ]* P \2 t, q' q
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in% X4 @7 I0 c: }. M9 Z
Modern China.
+ e& M; o& [; ] }4 ?% L7 Q! gAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published% n5 X5 f' d7 g0 ?3 |
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of" T8 w, f4 V4 }# Y$ n0 y
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
. a4 F8 U/ q$ ga lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
1 a3 T+ e' f8 N5 L2 ~( i: vJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and8 n: s& I. t% t/ V: i8 q' B
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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