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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106888 p$ ]. f1 `5 m0 v0 a
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China# ^6 }) b8 f3 S% h9 D1 q
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
, q$ E% l& A+ D0 q, dFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
( X. {" G9 i; f, O- P6 S/ N: P+ }: G
h, A) G# O z, jLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" ?0 Q9 O3 Q0 P- F- }
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.6 G* M4 I8 x6 j3 G$ q; }
! G4 K |- k% O0 \1 n2 [Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .7 h2 m8 Z `$ {' Z
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
/ O( _1 u6 e) I8 f! u1 W) `5 k9 cPublished online 26 January 2018
* `1 X' L4 f7 c* A( m9 `" T3 \: `5 \
/ i" c$ m) P& x" }9 t. q: Y+ n* eAbstract3 B7 F* I. c, K, h/ z
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing d# v& Z: r w- d4 l
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
2 {7 f" h6 b0 h% E/ sTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been2 L S# n e" o2 B
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
6 T; V) x) w8 ?: d; Zonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific6 s# ]3 z4 ^( p- J( m
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly( i M+ {/ M/ a
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
' U8 j+ W- e9 g" I2 L6 F3 H0 Rtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
6 x1 G" _9 l( V2 ]5 r3 ?. pscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,7 t& X% ^" D2 B0 N- b: L' S
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the0 S4 _; k. r! y) z3 T/ P* j
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
- x4 J6 k' U$ R* ain Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien) G4 T7 x4 d: ] s$ w4 l O
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
8 u A) t2 \' D* f$ s( jof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring7 h$ S5 l8 ^) e
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
9 v6 V. W# y. O @for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
, t) m$ D, a+ ` V' ythat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a0 ^1 ^6 l$ y1 T- A
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
0 l* l2 v9 e, [, cterminology.
+ t* R7 O/ }# q t# KKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
! J, S# }$ q- mStandardization of terminology translation
& v! }7 Q! {0 S6 E6 Y) _Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to8 `: M) Q; e/ U* _3 e
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern7 G0 a7 D4 f! ?; S/ z P, H
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
6 y G: V/ k- ?; J2 Hfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
) u) w# Q C' a* S8 z' \9 E2 l2 \) fDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213/ k( G ]* p+ _/ Z+ A- n
+ u9 r4 Y: ?9 O2 s( q
8 l) c+ X: ^% D% k& lINTRODUCTION
( }" t9 S$ a$ p5 {John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
; V. B" T4 w1 c0 c- qa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
1 z, {: M5 Q. P2 c( s; PDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
# [8 x& t! g/ H3 [( [7 H" ?Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
% V( b2 ]5 u7 s- YSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
' ^# b- t9 ^5 y% Uby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
( l, X- }3 l3 ^1 q p/ A% |% Nan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on. N- d, \7 i8 N2 {+ F2 l
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-8 d+ J2 b0 f" g+ d/ p1 e/ k" I
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
: L8 G& m3 Z& ]" Y0 B" k, p) P2 tworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
7 ?: j+ B- K$ h( x' r* M9 MFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction. n; j- R2 o* [' I0 F
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated- ]6 D& ?( I5 D$ q1 V
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant `9 D% @+ ?0 c" t1 w$ I
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,6 w* j! ~$ S } L) C
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,; r- G& f- u `9 a! d" s; m
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
% S! {( Z3 [. i: @books that made him the most productive one among the
! n! m# C6 Z& V+ ]foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,6 w1 B$ a$ |% a) A4 |- @
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a2 l, n) y5 |/ [; g, T* Y
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
3 k5 G0 ]/ p# s. A8 d; p$ M8 [8 apeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).% G8 z5 Q) p$ P6 A6 H) ?
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
+ \$ x4 ^. R* t# ^" ]* halso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western' I+ R1 ~1 H) f
science and the standardization of translated scientific
3 |- M5 ]: ^' n& b2 o |terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific1 _6 q; A7 ^0 s3 E3 S. z# ?" b
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the& a) n- Y9 ?1 d- P6 F4 M: M# v
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
& p U, [4 P6 z5 q$ i1 Tcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
& U& l" D; S$ @# t D% ^1 J' aof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
: T! m5 m; s) v: F! s+ b" q8 e9 xModern China.
~* T7 B9 _$ k3 L4 g8 M, OAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published/ a3 Q6 v. l+ P* Y6 Q
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of h! q/ A' o# F/ c7 E+ O
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing- T! Z8 x' {! j _3 @2 Y
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In; y2 A+ p( b; K/ J. u
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and& V2 m0 u5 ]6 R% z" ~+ w
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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