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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688) ]7 F/ S+ s* M; i
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
2 F B9 x; \5 ~- @9 y3 zYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
7 ?. y$ o- {% k' M% }* ]6 ?Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.- M$ y/ J9 b4 v' `1 o2 c0 d9 H
! h5 F0 Q+ R5 `% O& J c/ RLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
& V; w" w1 }5 SFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.) B' A8 C& a$ x" W5 e }
' P. H$ B$ S9 H, H+ n' FSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
+ t, h" N3 h6 d- @3 pReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
' I8 i7 I3 f4 x3 M# S# @* Z5 g6 gPublished online 26 January 2018
! n" P% v5 z' r" g) P. E, Z# x) D( y0 [( I# R/ J6 Y3 v
# l' K3 H! f6 |: qAbstract
/ H9 R1 `$ x; h7 @John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
1 m/ C4 Y, _5 e9 N- P6 P/ e. `Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
: v& N4 z' L' j5 A RTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been) Q* g" \, R0 [0 ^
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not3 X, j6 T V, f# l5 L# M' F
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
% ~& C9 G. @3 l0 E. N4 h+ Aworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
$ O! v, O, \4 `) Zto the standardization of the scientific terminology
$ P1 b5 X# c: I7 y+ y Rtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
1 b7 _ |* U! t. L# t% M8 gscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
2 A6 ?2 Z( z$ H4 e7 Q- `and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
. |9 Q i0 g" Y, Zstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
# k0 }. @. J+ n& E" l" u/ C7 Sin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien* ~: g* @! t9 a; L; @1 q- l2 ^2 y: B
he established had helped greatly with the popularization7 s' O b' ?# h/ O
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
& J0 |" L' H( N- A5 cthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way- |0 L& Q1 R# k4 L4 n9 ]
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and4 l. I& A' @, K' a/ F5 w
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
2 C; N7 g! _/ W# ]great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
. y l+ y7 [4 `5 Gterminology.; [/ u+ o+ P" M6 T
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
! D/ W7 |, O' g8 ]- s2 I7 FStandardization of terminology translation
4 I! `/ v9 b# s, n+ P; PYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to4 L2 |& C0 m7 ~9 n! Z' {
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# f! D) Y6 a" \: r" [' r( k& `& ]7 F2 r
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
: m* n# I+ [2 mfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
4 I# G) m% x& `& u6 [DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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: u2 x/ u* y3 f& I( U' [& d* a& w9 D$ ?) g i
INTRODUCTION
3 F, g# X0 f7 O- c f* ]John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
3 F0 |9 G! Y6 r e! Xa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).6 e1 M( z# R: v- {; f
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to7 P6 I* M% w V( x g
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of7 n0 U# A, s: D; A
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
- z8 @2 e: r- f8 K/ ]. |4 Cby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
2 x( U2 U: |6 \: A7 U- B6 Uan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
6 o4 D8 g ?7 r+ y& s7 i+ Qhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-$ q5 `# c1 e6 G% f. [
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific/ w/ Z3 W8 |. m* f+ q8 Z
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,. \! W, n g+ |+ m: I5 b" G, S
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.( |6 m+ h9 L# W1 S t
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
& p$ U, i8 ~' L' \; mto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
% {! c, k% k9 f/ t6 p2 b& v! bwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,1 `9 F7 d, [' v7 p* v1 k% f
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
; H: R6 ^; f- _+ d. gFryer translated more than one hundred of Western. j- w9 ^. X8 V! k3 Q
books that made him the most productive one among the0 r/ `! `0 s9 X$ P @7 f
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,3 @4 A6 o4 W, I3 q- w4 K5 ?
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a0 J* A4 N* l4 _, J0 r
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
/ N+ H1 n" u5 B/ s3 `& p% D1 jpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
& Q$ ~+ B+ C' w* p1 X8 oIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer* D8 c; ^* n$ x" a* g( r
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western: p$ N1 u8 F- p M3 {
science and the standardization of translated scientific
7 }* n7 A0 ^0 \1 {+ ^) |+ ?6 hterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific& e+ e* w/ S* D, Y# q
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the f1 O3 O x( I! g% z: A* D1 e
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another! S } f6 Z2 N s
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
! s3 n6 M7 D) h }0 S; L" _of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in# P8 Y6 }3 ~- Y2 O
Modern China.8 c- U& |" H4 w; ~
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published0 |- |) j$ k3 |. [
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of# N/ L* J* \5 n& p/ d8 X
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing Z( C! z% S- n* C' e
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
: b! U3 z- s- Q* WJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and4 I; i! p% m" [
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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