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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 # Z# l( ~7 O7 V1 i7 E
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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, U! w5 X; `/ gJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China- g' J8 a0 z6 {, P! a$ J) X
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ Y1 U5 d, d$ J
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.7 l3 y* {4 ^# a3 [& L% v9 Z$ v
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of, b+ t* _: N" E! Y( ^. {$ g) g
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China." s! Y0 U i+ A& u( S1 [
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
, f" J) v3 l7 d( y' s9 y: u/ HReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018: Q N- u: U5 ?+ L
Published online 26 January 2018
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+ I, n+ G/ M: h/ JAbstract$ ?+ Z' J9 z0 [1 Z
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
. T/ D6 H+ k( P( ~Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The1 X0 e/ R$ O. p/ i6 i
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been6 f( P1 m5 K7 l
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not6 t3 \% D/ w4 s# D# [7 B5 e8 `2 x
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
- u% I. T. s& ]' ^7 rworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly/ d: K: |4 R9 C5 v
to the standardization of the scientific terminology- Q# q; H6 |4 j/ G
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s. k. w: \0 l0 c+ E# [
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
$ n- I3 N$ S2 A E1 Wand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the: q4 l9 ]7 \! n! ?* H5 n" U. g- N" W
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
/ W( w/ Y6 A7 q6 S1 S. e! }in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
8 B% h7 L$ g( V) Yhe established had helped greatly with the popularization, [9 ^7 [9 @: }+ L5 j" H" G
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring7 t" o) T( {: N6 c& l2 [
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
G5 p( c" W4 D( b" R& ffor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
! }, h, `7 y4 O) k x- c& Ethat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
! R% n' V" H7 }* X B8 C1 K2 ?0 Ugreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific& e; ]4 f9 K. ^2 y
terminology.
% d! ~0 I7 t( a3 ]8 v( ?Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;' D( S1 Y1 v x1 B+ u
Standardization of terminology translation
# O, `, \$ ]. g" ?; i8 [# hYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to: O; Z/ m* j) a) U
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
* N' M' [& ^0 ^ t) g& P! l; \% MChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available: X: U) K1 E- T( j
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ B4 ?/ t' J, J! E" J
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102137 J( L8 a7 k6 ]) D5 l% r
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U- h: q& s, U& E8 p E# K$ A: y0 rINTRODUCTION
' z$ B- J& z: D8 KJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and" d/ B; U. j) a6 h% o
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
% g2 s" q& y7 [7 d- dDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
+ O7 A6 w7 Y$ H! d0 ]! FHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of: D3 u( F3 d* X5 x! T; S& O# i
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
! M9 E+ c" d: e# `by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
" c+ @' z# e' A" n$ O' Zan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
1 g8 A5 v% l+ B$ K! b+ z; whis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-0 Y" p* ?0 ]. w: C7 _
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific5 w3 [$ j. D5 d6 A5 Y Y% u
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,6 y) ? ?/ {6 v+ `; T8 q
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
6 ^+ y) R" ?" ]1 P; Q- M4 v$ bNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated4 [2 T/ G% Z1 [" f" i2 X
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant6 I% g; d v1 n1 G
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
! C+ g5 m6 w8 C+ I# ?revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,( H* C/ A. j) A7 ]) A
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western0 C8 e% D* r2 W& }0 R
books that made him the most productive one among the) C6 \1 p; W/ r' x
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
2 b }! L* x, i- J/ mtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a# q! e/ U" [: \, r1 ]
noble work which could help accelerate the process of. g+ f% V/ \" D% Y9 H
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).8 C+ x) L4 | `8 v9 \- [
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer, x' K" M1 x* X5 H% |
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western% v! X9 K, Z& J" @0 w
science and the standardization of translated scientific
7 y, U- `% T n) j6 yterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
( x& v4 E, N, O+ @4 smagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
: }( s7 ~' j" ^2 Oestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
/ ?- e' j6 M: f* y- s* B) rcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
6 D+ W( B0 d! ~( A! ]% Uof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in0 K* I8 X$ E+ ?# d# j( w
Modern China.
) i; u# w# F/ a. L6 J" I( |; BAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
: r& d8 ~0 Q+ k" ?. |The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
7 T, ?4 o }3 P' {travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
. g% z. I* B7 B/ ?a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In1 p3 V6 f# N1 R% l
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and& Z; X" [0 \# w( D9 v9 z
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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