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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China P$ q" D% E* _6 R. f! r
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ u1 s0 _6 U) b- u. P1 L. O
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
, w2 z# G: l3 Y4 }) \; i2 \7 ?! _Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .5 D+ `+ a- Q6 A9 D% w1 V
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018$ v9 K, F* P$ h) h& R2 ^5 [
Published online 26 January 2018. G( X4 q/ [1 G- L0 V
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6 T7 o2 D0 s& Y4 T. U% o- ^' ?8 IAbstract6 E3 X @$ Z. R& H# a1 n
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
5 S4 w# ~" F5 }% vDynasty who came to China and was employed by The' K( _- C# o: M
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
; c* m; P) s! @+ e7 O# {* @engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
$ E! K/ z, w$ Ponly having translated a great deal of Western scientific) y# S# ~7 T! \) ~! R. C% P$ Z
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
9 F) B$ l4 v( Z" f5 hto the standardization of the scientific terminology
. A8 J3 U1 A0 F/ ztranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
8 q2 }8 }- e6 e& R! Kscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
% G* Z2 a, K. b8 Qand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the9 r9 W8 A+ C. F9 O) y
standardization of the scientific terminology translation- Y7 }0 l* E- v
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
/ c, ^ M: I" L- U% v+ X, [, Jhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
G7 Z: H+ y3 U; [; xof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
3 z, P$ |; Q8 Y1 ^4 r7 y8 ^the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 G# F$ t! P4 Y' e! ?/ c7 u
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and, D- D7 v# S `: e- r9 `% E
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
0 {. l* I6 _0 G# l% ^$ j$ i: S" B: L6 Pgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
+ p- H# V/ \0 G. Q4 v& @* Xterminology.
$ Y) q2 G9 t x* G3 f: [2 C( F8 VKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;0 j- l9 z$ |- ]) Z$ f9 Z! }
Standardization of terminology translation' `! m" w2 ~% m$ Y/ \$ L# o
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
" F! v4 a5 [0 c& Y" j# nStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
' x# {4 o( c8 E A2 Y+ Z' A1 l( NChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available+ i$ _4 y( o+ M1 A" d
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
A$ e2 Q4 g) R2 x" r1 a8 KDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102137 V* ?$ d2 H' ~
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INTRODUCTION8 `5 \# j2 I' o. ?4 o/ v
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
; `( t" w) E/ V" q5 _% qa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).6 L4 L% b: u2 V! E6 ]( R6 |' [
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
% t" X( l; t. ^5 h( {Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of; B: v8 I1 f9 m6 h) Y$ u
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
7 f1 B/ I' \: C1 t' H/ jby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as) y1 g1 p# Y4 m9 p+ C
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on1 Q0 [* b+ K9 D
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
4 z2 h: T& ^# X- g" K1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific3 |& `1 `8 C! `. B; i( |) A. K. t! F8 f
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,# W9 U+ M& K" c! A
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.( m$ [- v" _/ X6 u# l4 U/ W
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated' P8 i; N& O- O" J9 t& U% W
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant, F) k( W- f' o0 w
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
4 Q9 [" r h5 p- H: u m2 e1 D* rrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,# v. H" i* U0 ?; P6 s9 k3 B% i" P
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
3 R# g' m2 Q% M# Hbooks that made him the most productive one among the
' r; I3 m& Z4 o. i" vforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
" ]- c4 V4 D. |: ]7 m$ w! G) Rtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a1 a' h9 x- f1 j* W
noble work which could help accelerate the process of, y1 l$ a! K; k* h2 P1 t8 k
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
5 ]& x# C1 T5 \5 [) VIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer' _) P3 U' i) j
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western1 K- {/ V. |4 @0 C1 H7 l) E& y
science and the standardization of translated scientific
0 F1 c5 p% F5 J) k0 T8 p3 Zterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific* d7 n. u0 y5 t" K/ x$ Q% K
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the/ t }( T! y2 S( \2 F
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
& p+ E+ A$ W' ucontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
+ ]5 ?' o* G; {: y- @6 V) [of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in9 |. r7 v8 w. t. J5 I9 r
Modern China.4 w* Y; y$ j9 e0 P
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
% v! E% B0 ?9 I/ L5 j! yThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of+ S1 p4 M- e& J: P9 A
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
9 k: \1 Y) f4 B) D+ aa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
) ~' I! F" o; x' D- H2 s! w2 |, ^John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
# u; a0 _7 E( a2 ]$ MTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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