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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ' ?' Y& W( X5 T( T: A+ _. i; {. n3 M
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688% W, [; C) V2 R; T, `6 G; f6 E
0 |; r4 z: Y3 ?! w7 ~( Z! ]John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
; Z& ~* `- o# Z: q! e; XYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
# u( _# d f( _3 RFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
" B* h, M2 y# Z0 P$ ~8 c m1 ?! L/ n& k( t( b. x8 S
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
- r) ]! W2 l+ @ eFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China." P6 b: G o9 c
& W/ N& F* J8 w
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .+ P' r) k( X6 ^
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
1 X* S7 M* j. b, KPublished online 26 January 2018/ x: D6 ~/ Z" m6 s; S
- m% O* D' U( S
/ O( m7 u) F: L; UAbstract9 |& M+ d6 v- l! Q
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
5 F) M3 D5 h- m; e$ K0 KDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
q) ^6 D* t( N' x. q0 s0 G! xTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
0 R" ^1 N* c- D6 I% tengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
- f& T( {/ i8 ]only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
' }" v$ H6 l) k" D" a% Pworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
, f6 f" N* Z$ z4 X Lto the standardization of the scientific terminology
' S) C6 T: y5 W, z9 k$ j/ y+ f+ qtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
. z# _! y" e0 i% @4 Lscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
5 q' r* v* | j `2 _and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the4 f2 |/ C! e& w/ o) P
standardization of the scientific terminology translation2 ~* a* `: y, p* x
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien* r' ^% ]% s9 U7 X
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
" f4 I+ H2 o5 U' D* Q+ v2 Y, V& Bof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring, X8 M N" H( K
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 k/ ~; d) H# @, `- \& j, N6 G
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
6 k3 x. Z% f |- |that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a+ h! i0 K, F" e* |# \
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
0 m8 a) \. Q2 i- e% \: @5 P/ v' aterminology.
( n0 D1 w/ {5 jKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;3 q9 |& g( f. s0 _% {
Standardization of terminology translation
4 P9 @1 Y3 d& b' @Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to0 K% r4 f! t. m/ p
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
% k& A& o+ K6 y3 \China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available$ r3 ~& q& C9 j- e
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102134 j" s) E E2 ^3 g: d
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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$ O1 l1 D. R( M& N* y/ f' [% G5 I# Z) l+ z+ i" q
INTRODUCTION. l9 q, h8 K) z) c
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
0 E: G3 l6 T; v" ~' q M+ l+ ua great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).. G7 `' F0 d; ~
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to. ]' m9 | }0 p0 i+ {
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of, x, ^2 @9 B6 @& }
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed! g. y9 l! e% j- b
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as+ `9 X9 {. ~! w9 O9 u6 ]+ g
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on7 z- |$ N& J: ?7 z; b8 ]. i( y
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-: ?$ N, d' k6 t; p
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
! k! G& e; l$ T2 h: o ?+ d1 `% t% P2 kworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
- @0 |" N0 b3 _6 dFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
$ x2 k# h" l! l. C& T5 F5 C& LNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
( P2 W. \( ~8 @/ y0 Qto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant% S% b5 P& G' L ]5 E! u6 w) c
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,; P8 L7 Y' _6 z* m1 F1 h3 @6 f% g8 P
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
1 Q7 N* Q- ^3 `6 e! }7 M h. J+ XFryer translated more than one hundred of Western1 N" r$ ^* D1 f! n( f0 A% _! t ^
books that made him the most productive one among the
. W0 y1 n4 H2 Z# D, }7 o( Yforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
! p4 M9 h6 ~4 H$ o4 ktranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a* ^/ {+ w% R" L" E/ I" B& g! E
noble work which could help accelerate the process of; w5 F7 [2 l. _$ H0 ~" h
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
3 g' S c/ i8 ?+ }/ C1 _& dIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
) l2 Y/ m0 \( N1 m! D$ `' Falso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western, U5 ]: M& ^) p5 S. T' i& [
science and the standardization of translated scientific
! L8 U( Q7 B/ } Oterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific3 w' O Z& K; ~3 c4 d
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
, C# z9 X' B: S) I8 Destablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
$ q6 S+ d5 Z9 W2 Scontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series% @7 n! Y0 ?# r) k; d5 F' g% @( Y- E
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in" a% G# ~; W+ q; d. B: ~4 A
Modern China.
( v+ e. _% O4 R& }- r f( G1 EAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published" J6 g% A* v; d
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of& j# d% e+ A: T! u! ^$ |; p2 l
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing% i, a0 G9 h6 f5 b
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
" g+ @# F; J3 }" }John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and/ M0 t# Y, |3 I8 [1 J
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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