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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 3 d0 }$ V* E$ }5 v$ g1 a, C6 x1 w# n9 m
+ |2 @3 {2 f5 ^; l& xhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688. d2 F1 q2 e& ^" I
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
t1 Q7 O8 e EYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of2 @, s: y0 S4 f& H) y# Q
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. [5 I3 J5 q' ^
! a+ F. Y; L8 X
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of1 `$ V( h: b$ R q$ f- O3 m5 n
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
3 z1 j8 D6 q( l2 s7 o& i; _- m# v0 D$ f
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .# r" L3 T0 ? ~" a& ]; O* [
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018' c8 A# K2 g9 p7 P: |" J7 s2 a2 ^
Published online 26 January 2018
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0 a. a4 F3 M: Y; \$ m7 }8 rAbstract
7 S$ C) Q: Q8 [# F! e8 mJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
5 U5 M1 p) }/ ?9 e' M/ h+ o$ ^! x" HDynasty who came to China and was employed by The; g* v' P4 W- k5 Z, [
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been) i1 M5 ~$ |; ]5 H9 F8 j
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not1 |* ^# E8 g C/ }
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific6 z% e9 }: a/ X/ }
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
! p# d h0 k4 G, x5 R# @to the standardization of the scientific terminology
& u/ q3 g) @$ r9 Atranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s) f* `+ H$ V% T' H9 Z1 A7 f
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
' q; G4 y( l) T' P) O, H1 ~% u# Wand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
/ J; a1 f' j/ m+ S2 F5 estandardization of the scientific terminology translation
2 b# {& v( f+ H: G% y& min Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
! d. Y" x7 g. g8 L& j# Z! T. khe established had helped greatly with the popularization3 e- ^& t) x" f- ?) s/ V" |. ^
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring0 r8 L0 d9 u- V( r, F$ j
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
/ x( E6 a! S% A9 ~for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and! m' z1 l" C3 _$ J" i5 S
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a! C' l8 k2 L9 x- }" H
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
4 P+ q- o7 e4 `4 Z1 {9 J0 s, rterminology.8 ^; [# @& ]* A6 P; u9 d
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
$ k' D# a2 @5 J7 D: j& V# n dStandardization of terminology translation
7 v8 P3 {( l1 C3 n! g+ R' CYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
" R. e; P% C5 f- m4 {* d' ^Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
9 p/ r3 E$ _4 ~( v( y5 iChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
1 Z! T. {$ I0 F; pfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
! K8 K5 t) Z1 w% [8 L% fDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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$ z8 Z, H" t4 sINTRODUCTION
. S: f1 A# K" n. x5 D# p B& O; C$ OJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and% T+ s; a: d: [6 a+ v0 ^& m
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).+ n3 u4 n9 N& z
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
7 O7 I+ ^* _& i6 S. i' UHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of1 w) _6 z7 d: [( r0 ?
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed8 [- c% q3 M3 \7 @, J. b
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
c p: w3 L& A* z7 `5 p' c+ q8 F% ean editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on5 ?( u" g7 m }- I) g9 w! o" b" u
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-; l; X/ z: ]6 L- I" ^8 b
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
& @0 ]/ I/ v4 N) N, Pworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
0 F) f( d, \6 I2 \( d# D: l( }Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
* B3 Q) G0 j- C, p9 [$ [' YNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated r Z! V5 K# W! r0 o( W" [5 T7 i. `+ b3 W5 H
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
) o" {! D. a. z5 k* M1 ^would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,; I9 l7 G6 H( |( L' c! S5 y- v
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,* z, z. ^* I j2 `
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western- X9 f% P4 `/ P# @# y$ c! o' M
books that made him the most productive one among the7 P0 z. a2 {" g( l6 P7 f( Z: V
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
, ]" e: g6 T0 P4 F0 o- J) ]translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
' y( X8 U6 l' y" Ynoble work which could help accelerate the process of
) F0 N Z2 H _) h* [2 T6 P+ g2 ]people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
1 v/ S5 {& S/ z0 o& yIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer e& S, [: k/ l3 H- Y5 i+ E, J
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
0 d, }# u: c3 F3 e; z5 Kscience and the standardization of translated scientific
% }% W' i3 U( c4 \9 S) U" tterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific8 c5 _9 f2 b) W% Z {1 Z
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
: o0 |9 x" J0 \establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another3 Y+ T3 M1 E8 P- q" U& d
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series9 g6 h3 O$ b1 n. B5 ^$ ^
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
; t9 P M- |# @2 VModern China.; Z% q8 s; X' u0 G2 t
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
# n0 Q5 o% z' Y5 U& n$ qThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
- Q- f; E. e$ f8 Utravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing8 l2 ?; r/ {- _
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In( L9 |1 l$ s1 R0 E* E
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
?* O( T3 ^3 ^& q) iTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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