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How to figure a home's fundamental value0 ~2 q7 z1 h# }, g% n% w
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.% X& m. ?0 U' F2 z* R& Q* _
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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+ L1 P$ F3 j( Y9 U( ]* OLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.3 a- L$ f- H9 K4 a- m7 ~
' Z D; f" Q' B& O7 R, p3 uTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:1 q5 v5 x" h+ f4 W$ }
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# o2 y# i2 G% J" f4 ~4 a. |' k, c. |In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988., |+ Y/ \( y" E$ S" l
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.# E0 ~4 A9 V# F; D
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.6 T" s x+ ^5 {5 v9 Z0 m9 Q
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
1 [3 W+ c# }9 a5 w- b' L @# QYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. , t; r; t' l9 E* z5 f9 f7 r: S
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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1 f3 Z+ x! D' b; n8 X( o5 y" m8 v Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
4 `8 M$ h D& Y$ |" t& E& t0 YSan Diego 22.8 29.7 % j& j. R5 F" m, r V
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
6 ~$ e6 v9 B; s: bLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
% @ a5 [ B, j, g+ y# ASeattle 20.4 25
! k4 R, u1 N J7 u$ `6 L7 M! }+ k" A# @Denver 17.7 23.7
" p9 S6 N1 F* x2 H# ]( X" ^6 e0 WNew York 21.2 22.5 " w4 Q% B% g9 G6 h/ X' ~* e/ d
Chicago 17.2 20.8
/ d! n7 t, ~3 aWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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