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How to figure a home's fundamental value
! z& B1 [ X% _6 O( l L5 f9 GLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.1 r; w7 N/ M; e: w( L" `" \9 o0 [$ f, _
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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# {2 \4 B- Y; T! m. m" sLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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6 Z; I( |) L3 S' c' J; eTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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3 A3 x9 U# P, d- l Q& XIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
3 j' o# ~: y( ~2 zSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.8 ?. l/ e& i' Z4 N; U% h
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.1 X2 T1 m7 C- k5 i9 C7 N/ K4 s" ^
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. - ]+ f9 c; L; [) g
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.+ P$ [0 o4 h3 H6 \& ?
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas # V& r* k. f$ W5 L" G: j) a! ]
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
/ _0 F" r l) g$ kBoston 20.5 30.2 ; R1 ] ^2 c. Q: P4 p( N
San Diego 22.8 29.7 3 m: s) b. |2 w b) D o1 R
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 ) B# V$ q$ h3 D& o) U# c# Z8 s. c
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 ( {5 w5 Q, j2 e- W
Seattle 20.4 25 " ^: q% V' u+ m; y) O) R: w" N
Denver 17.7 23.7
, X1 J* H6 U, O0 D8 DNew York 21.2 22.5 $ P7 n7 G2 n4 f7 A
Chicago 17.2 20.8
$ n* [- `5 \3 h( y" rWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 ; W: u: {8 X9 y1 u! S# z# v, C
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.! R* _ }1 l/ F2 R
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1 \- g- h) Y4 e$ oFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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