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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语; B: {5 U* l  w7 Q" M1 P" }
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. z4 z% H3 m5 ^+ z- X3 ^在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯0 E! u7 O2 r  R. a4 \
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
6 {# U+ }, O) A3 r若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
: B. A! Z+ J& B, j5 E6 A4 f
7 ?4 h3 X# a/ x: t4 {( [(1) empty suit:
5 t( X- Q: A& s. o指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
' F6 b4 U0 `: U. y4 T% J1 u(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
4 Q2 L" ?% p) s! m. K4 C7 }/ L例如:
/ Y1 P0 `' P0 U% d( _& P! [An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.( T/ I2 U1 A: w, F' n$ Y& t% {
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)- ?( u5 B: G3 W" x
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.4 M. b# k( k; C; T) {. s# o
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
% u2 O8 \& L6 I( V6 s' F虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
( w; O' E. I! C9 X9 W1 K* ^8 [The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
/ Z. y  ?9 }4 |/ P(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)2 K, P2 t9 s% h2 S* s& h5 D# G4 M
(2) fair-haired boy:
. h! N. [/ Q3 V, F指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
7 S9 ~/ Z' s7 N% A+ ^(通常用单数,当名词用)' B0 ^8 H, S6 d1 A/ t  U8 d
例如:* Q. A1 g2 |; o+ i# Z& o. W
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.( h# h7 T" Y/ O6 s/ Z5 `% Z
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
& Y/ n0 j0 e. v  a, `6 e; ONot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.# ?! @. i9 B# e& F( Q
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)! J0 D4 R5 X: A" x& E
有时也可用复数:( z  \& `' v8 J* T  y
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
0 R3 A4 m& P, M* j' l+ A(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)6 g7 B8 F! B6 P5 ~$ X- \; h
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
! ~  S8 |2 o1 @) ?(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
8 Z8 ?% ]+ ^# }6 E% g+ ?6 B(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法); j) k% s; U/ o1 r. Y
(3) fishing expedition:
2 y, r1 {6 X% b9 m* y9 O9 q为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
: _# i  k- R7 ~: p' J(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
; p! Q# i! F2 k8 n$ G# [例如:; t4 B# L, ]5 d
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
4 C: ]0 \  E( K6 k6 v- b, l( {$ T(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
7 \* m6 q7 i5 J& _7 k2 \' X! IThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.& B- P5 a" ]$ F- U3 l
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
/ j9 B3 L1 d/ [; I3 w(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)* ]( k. g( L; G2 O2 _( p% P: k9 |  x
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
2 e8 |. I( c/ B; `- v' D: z(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。), H( L% d& \) [
偶尔也有人用复数:
2 p$ K  x5 b6 L* J! k" |Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office., A1 ?* }- c9 ?1 M
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
7 d, o, D, f6 i5 j6 M(4) filthy rich:
( |) Z6 V6 R" ?9 [1 |) T+ ?9 u意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
9 L+ r" `% I" v! a- J% X6 ^2 C(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱), k& f; i7 n( N  [
多半当形容词用。例如:
+ W) s6 I# {0 v3 {With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
% O1 o* X3 i0 u+ W. s' G5 G1 v0 l( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)- F( l& q) y& Y
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
6 e- l6 E9 r! }# @( G2 f4 t(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
/ g% n# Y$ `/ j- u- YA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
1 ~5 P4 |/ G4 _(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
4 d9 L3 t  N* Q( xFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.# l1 s2 a) b$ b
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
3 z) S9 u9 }5 L$ f6 i(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
# y  }5 Y, t& V% ^  L! ~(5) fairy godmother:3 q5 @# h& @! m/ t6 Z# I4 _% L) z
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
8 z$ Q) }9 C& r(多半指有钱的女人)
9 [, F- x. L! n8 t9 x8 Q4 A4 Z(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:' E$ z# q8 ~7 M7 u% H
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.: L8 l3 _: i/ A+ K+ f: s. L7 x' y2 Y
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。): \% n9 R4 r* e
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.& B! R8 {, j  |) N- G. _
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
( ?5 M' {/ s/ T8 V" P6 q有时也用复数:
) v. `- G2 d2 zOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
$ o& ], S5 Y! T4 g  R9 N(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
1 M8 p8 X+ ~7 S2 r4 \In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
4 L& I4 Y: U8 J, N$ @0 j  R(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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, Z/ S7 ~0 R% y6)eye opener:
( Z$ ?# @, O0 x) w- i指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
( a2 x' w# m5 i& P(当名词用;通常只用单数)
) u5 c( }/ k1 X$ C; _例如:
1 N7 D/ k, j2 f2 W% ?$ W$ R( tYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
; p/ u) m! `  ?% L. q- L2 E(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。). j: P/ d! C+ Y( V4 Z7 U
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
8 K+ v  h+ @6 ?9 m- \) f(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)! S+ h& j; P& l  M" }0 Y
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.0 K1 P+ z, F6 c* D5 Y
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)  b5 h' k( |; Q' Z+ j
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.$ I' v' p/ q: Q. P# D
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)6 R* K: p, R' v1 N4 ^6 i
(7) hot dog:5 R0 f) }! v; o# b+ s
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
4 I( _0 I. o: Q5 B) B例如:
1 U. q2 I: B" F' _1 @4 TSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
6 v6 ?% ?" A; Q- x" f+ t5 Z9 j(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
7 x( _6 \, }3 |4 o$ k" i(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)$ p1 @1 U, S( x1 K9 Y% ~  f
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
( C/ N3 v& s- i0 M. Y. Y, S(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。): r9 D( X3 Y5 s2 ?0 N0 h" U2 l
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging); k1 R0 v8 ?: K4 b
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
5 e& i3 ?* t& s! \# Y0 |(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
/ }  Q' O2 y7 y% _+ f- ~: u2 i也指真正的热狗食物:
$ u" C: c- V4 l0 pThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
; d4 C( ]1 {, Y% y(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)! T( d) V" G1 A
也可表达欣赏的心情:0 M- L4 c2 `5 T; O+ p- `4 G
Hot dog ! What great news for me.- Y+ K/ Z. O1 e6 `" |; n3 ^
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)' w9 c1 ^2 W* p+ d$ c$ ]. c
(8)eager beaver:
' m& ~) H# ~! j指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
, l7 o4 f6 Y: g7 t- e) [7 b3 J' A(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
+ _4 J& B% g1 Z4 W, O(当名词用,可指男女)$ |! f* p$ ?7 \$ _' E* \
例如:
: Q7 |' A' j: D. z) M: A( f( v5 r- F3 \John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.2 V+ c2 [& L9 i% n  k: P
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
8 N  S0 E4 t) ?. x! S( O$ MBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
. {% Q) T6 p) K# I; }(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。): v5 S- M: X1 R6 `6 }$ V
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
$ c* n2 {3 X9 [+ E# Y9 L7 z0 h$ m(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
8 P' V" P7 w/ F$ O7 TYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
  Z5 G! U! D2 X- Y! c(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
8 i( p" j/ H7 q8 o: R. m' O1 K(9)doubting Thomas:
3 [2 r6 b" ?: U, U* }) o: ]这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
9 d9 U# H; v! _- s; ^, L(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)# l" ], t$ o' t/ q. A
(当名词用)
8 B! e0 \% v3 s. O+ g7 N3 `例如:
, q8 t, c) g/ D1 m6 Q) tI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
* z0 D+ {% G3 g1 N% b(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
, x4 G- s+ @" r1 H6 PThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.- D3 b' w- ?/ n6 H/ I/ @
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。), i" t9 G& Z4 k( V8 U
也可用复数:
: f* w, b, m* t) R( P8 N4 _$ xMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.' y# X. h  K& l8 T+ D
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
8 c; o2 |; i+ e  b4 I4 ^' m6 X' QIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
; @% a; O  A& M) k. n  r/ x(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)) ^* Q2 D3 @8 d9 [) W6 O) C3 T
(10)dragon lady:
$ S( }$ I7 r2 A7 ^) [6 e指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
) B/ a7 l0 \5 h例如:* B: X1 i  K( n
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.9 R! D1 s. h. [2 t5 H  M. J. t
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。). x2 a' J- w% U& ~
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.1 O; [3 a9 i+ V/ F
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
8 U  y9 ~1 j) DShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
" e2 r) ]1 D' K6 _1 n(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)1 i: k. K& m) P3 e; S
也可用复数:2 _+ f5 e" w7 U  Y3 y) L
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.9 d, \% s% l* R6 G( {4 c6 }6 E
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)9 j2 Y- t3 m" P6 X) ?& Z& b: o
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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