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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
0 m0 L. X/ S' W2 t之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。( d" b1 i( \: [) s4 N
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!; c; |. F, ]& y/ O
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(1) empty suit: {5 R# ]2 l4 M* }3 ^7 r8 p
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
: T, g0 ~, K- J8 ](这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
0 j# e' Z# b- \% L" ~$ Q* e例如:2 f! j; O! V" z( {) Y- E% |
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.* g( J# E$ x" R& p
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
" ?' d8 B1 \7 K3 tMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.6 v/ z3 Z; d+ z A: h! h/ ^
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)- [+ P, I9 K/ r" H9 Y
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:/ `' W2 ?7 K9 |4 k# u+ ^" F
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.) [7 z- m4 R' y+ W. R
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)* r/ Z( L& }7 d. R. l" e# Q% v
(2) fair-haired boy:
, a: v% K7 L' _/ c# j9 {指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)+ H4 \3 B+ o! J1 |( c4 t
(通常用单数,当名词用)
' ]0 T# }% o H6 v0 Z; A例如:" F$ S. K" [% c6 y, v
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.! H% s0 H9 t' w1 {/ X, h
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
" t1 W) T- J9 p: q' K$ WNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.( L' @: _; h6 b. M8 f$ D2 t/ }
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。) w$ T% F: e# O9 r+ L
有时也可用复数:
. K3 b5 c6 ^$ v5 o$ M y R% EMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.. U, P0 w% g# f
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)& h' H8 {& q; Q& `# I
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
% b% t# g7 L( w S5 W/ K: ~5 Z0 l$ f(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)5 k; _9 O+ d2 `
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
% v1 \( F: X9 q+ M(3) fishing expedition:( C& g+ L/ R( m5 H+ {( e; r# q/ U
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)$ J' _7 g8 o- Q: i' X. P: }
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
; {- @6 l6 V! x D例如:$ I; c. n# v! U1 Q6 w
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.1 r8 ?" I- M; H) E! F3 F
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)4 i: z* J. b/ B: T
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
# W b5 y& k3 E2 N(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
+ J5 _6 \) Y; J(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
; N$ t5 J& R0 x+ r- v, Y& gThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
/ G5 q1 g5 _5 `# t0 y, Z2 j0 b- ~% R(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。). q! v/ {$ R( d* u, _8 k! {
偶尔也有人用复数:$ W5 W/ g5 k8 ]2 c6 u' `: j3 E
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
# t3 T `3 T+ `6 U9 `/ q(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)' k7 e2 e8 ?2 Q: j. k8 ]6 y
(4) filthy rich:
9 r7 |1 s$ j' D9 H. K) {意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy). ~1 p5 `: k3 m7 o4 c' @# C. w- D' v* ]
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)1 k% a8 c) r* N6 A; t" I* L1 w
多半当形容词用。例如:) ~" a# F n8 A' Z
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
5 X- u2 [% O& x6 G! N( D( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)* W7 Z0 l) W4 g
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
6 H* L. C9 w$ C! t! D) T(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
; v; f* T6 r. R" C4 @+ ]9 FA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.4 T% [! N$ U' | D' Q% k( U
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)/ `8 ^" b' X' C0 d1 U
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
! D/ ]& J1 J x5 c- ~ w% I(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。). Z' {8 S, l8 Q) V4 j
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法); S/ G W1 B$ S0 W3 r) O, b: T* Y, w U
(5) fairy godmother:" ~$ K' h+ i' K- Y* y: |( r; t) O% q
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
4 D6 Z. t, S& }3 m(多半指有钱的女人)
. j2 F! w/ J, o) u) C(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:& C4 T# o s" V: ^- e$ \3 p
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.2 A* ~, m2 f8 Q9 o' ~/ V8 a Y
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。); l! \& U# k5 M o& x. S' W
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
: \# I& e$ l9 j$ l/ \7 d# J+ P3 S(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。): t0 @ v( L% W0 f" \8 Q: E
有时也用复数:, H: z( p/ r- O, G
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
' Q8 L2 o/ Z8 z' k, I(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
" ^/ t3 i& v9 C" h& C4 ?3 o6 |In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.2 ]- U) a c- _2 {
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)3 O& w# E! g3 m' t# D
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/ }) H. {1 o6 a6)eye opener:
/ U: s* l$ f8 \6 G) G6 G* `指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
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8 O) Q. U% D! p- {3 x& O6 `# o例如:* c3 Q s( a* m3 u9 N- E
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
: j- J( [1 M8 f. S(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)0 R& z/ y9 L& C& ~
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
9 F( A% b) K0 y3 a! o" i7 a% Q( N7 }(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)( a/ ?' ]9 G K; e7 S8 ?3 a# B, m
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.$ j5 j; P+ N" M" q$ ]
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)2 e# J4 P" Z! s6 B- U
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
4 e) U/ M) p i2 C& G(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
8 P9 {( H$ ~( }" X$ U(7) hot dog:6 l" b) T! S: ^1 T2 k
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
1 C; b0 t; u2 b9 `# m: L8 l& ?0 l例如:
( _* v9 ^0 T* t4 ]$ PSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
; { i2 Z. ^) k: D1 D(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
+ s% K$ f8 J/ w; D(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)! u! C; {( B% h" h) S
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.$ W7 d$ c) \. t* j" t
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)9 S4 h6 ?# Z* w* ^9 }3 K6 A* M
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
5 Q4 C+ F% U' e+ KDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.7 ~' j6 ]8 [# B" K0 A" K
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
" v$ P( d5 n7 w& ^+ p也指真正的热狗食物:
3 T: t! [* h6 _5 ?8 A: g$ qThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.' e X: e) r- X8 @
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
5 Z4 `* F7 s3 U' h7 i% K也可表达欣赏的心情:
9 Y% k& X5 v5 }$ n1 Q3 JHot dog ! What great news for me.) ?! L# S/ L4 j& e7 B' j8 b
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)2 j) p; w9 M `5 V4 k- ~* h
(8)eager beaver:
, P" q# l+ N) k2 Q指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
# b* U" W0 i, e: W8 A* V$ g p(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
" N6 \% g8 C' [1 z(当名词用,可指男女)
8 [4 d: |. p L) @# ~例如:
7 M5 S7 @( r% _2 m% w2 QJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
# x( C, p; h4 A M- c4 C(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。): o, v3 a4 {9 B+ r) Z3 B: h
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
& d" H* ?/ ~1 |3 }(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
4 y4 D# t+ ` O2 `/ `7 EDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?' c; i7 O h( N! n1 ^' s1 D
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
Y q/ L* h+ N: q0 t4 d, r8 t+ I( j$ QYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.+ t7 n8 M X3 w. U0 D! Z Y1 H e
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
\3 ~9 Y( J- L+ N; W+ ]' G(9)doubting Thomas:
2 r$ @5 R) e* u* F! E# e4 S这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
% P6 S6 W E9 |, {(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
+ o, V1 Q* C9 |5 i; s4 _(当名词用)- R, h: t7 f& ] a5 {& I2 ^
例如:
& m) w% _/ G) F4 b4 ]I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.3 P, H; q* q/ }) R
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)" r D% w5 k& n! H
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.- U @! @% r! j: {
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)- G9 v" {1 d, K. q0 Y$ y( n* w
也可用复数: L) ~) i$ N, i2 s
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.1 b' `& X8 g3 S# P- S' p7 @
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)' f Z2 N. O0 x4 e
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another./ ~1 x1 [! S# k6 @) q9 K
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
; |5 F5 o1 o. X% J- ]- R(10)dragon lady:; n. R, } B/ _- k: Y
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)! Z- M6 I5 {4 k, h
例如:! b* [$ A- V5 B% c( R, I
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.# B/ B: e5 e1 m) \
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
o; |+ [9 i7 v, `" }3 l! x* \I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.0 @9 `/ y3 x* h8 |
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)1 L7 L, [2 w/ m: D/ b
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?3 W* m7 a, `: k2 o9 E" w
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)5 n m m8 r2 p Q. n0 \2 h# Q
也可用复数:
! Y/ k4 u0 Z+ e7 [ @There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
7 _, G* ?, M7 f" Q- E( y/ C) s(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
( y) A( l( x5 J, H% p$ R4 ^5 c, a注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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