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发表于 2014-4-2 22:36
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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 6 K' i+ H; V" g$ H
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Can you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.! E3 E$ ~( v! T/ n: F! X! K$ d
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
4 r( M) ]1 ^: B: x- L2 v& E" nThe Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
* l; N' a {6 X1 r, {Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
: |. Q) Z4 v3 k; G# SThe first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
. A3 N* j+ k# T% u% Q+ w# ]1 IThe country codes used are :
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CODE \COUNTRY4 e5 D+ H' Y4 \+ i/ x* |8 m4 o
00-13 USA & Canada5 C9 S1 [. j' ^9 l+ V
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
9 r* w. y* i1 \, N* ^) ^' L, P3 M$ y30-37 France; u5 v p1 i- t6 w+ I. n
380 Bulgaria4 ` W) z" ]8 M) o7 s" F B
383 Slovenia
2 ~# x* l$ f. ~& U8 D385 Croatia; f6 W/ n6 \7 [
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
1 }1 ? E* o/ e" j& ~400-440 Germany g6 E" e4 \2 X
45 Japan; r. Z: Q: n$ F* z1 h
46 Russian Federation' Q2 O: ~0 }, t8 J' A1 i' u" m
471 Taiwan
, a- V1 }/ w! R- O- D- M474 Estonia. x1 X: t3 X# p
475 Latvia
1 J" n9 }) {: g: C/ y476 Azerbaijan
+ _, N7 p& `8 Z/ w u477 Lithuania
M2 G% e u7 y4 h8 }& l478 Uzbekistan
; Z- w# d! y: f2 q' b4 S479 Sri Lanka
8 h5 j) A, i5 `! Y- o* U2 \2 A480 Philippines: p% H, c! U5 v; n
481 Belarus" A5 |0 ^! g5 O- |. y
482 Ukraine) V2 B. E7 K% h- _' y, x
484 Moldova; t% C6 q" D h, i6 M2 E
485 Armenia: Q6 w/ R0 H. d( e" s
486 Georgia8 l7 g$ P+ ]: \, e5 t# _% {4 F
487 Kazakhstan6 L/ n- _' W" m, X( u
489 Hong Kong. C- C( D7 h1 a1 c% E0 c
49 Japan% }) F- R( x/ r& w& A
50 UK2 p/ C( c& l0 S9 f$ I( E( h, @
520 Greece9 A9 G1 N- s$ _5 G' I2 Z" A
528 Lebanon6 e' f4 B/ i$ M! x
529 Cyprus
% H( z" m6 u# i! i+ r1 W7 u531 Macedonia9 S% }8 `0 E( D0 {, n+ |7 z' D
535 Malta+ }$ L9 W5 F+ [( J1 ?
539 Ireland! Z, ]# A+ N5 c8 q8 T
54 Belgium & Luxembourg
1 S6 i7 G @' e( y560 Portugal
# u* @/ L/ J& W- e, R569 Iceland
2 B) q% ^( N- _. m5 X6 v f57 Denmark
5 O' j0 j- L9 W2 b9 K( C7 t1 J590 Poland
5 U9 l- v/ v X9 ^594 Romania/ N3 m9 f _ A0 L
599 Hungary: P8 l/ L; ]5 ^0 c; m
600-601 South Africa
/ p8 ^2 i* m1 m" |* }609 Mauritius& O# g+ ?4 c) R( W- ^# D e+ _
611 Morocco
) X; X4 I2 x8 S/ {/ c# c/ `+ n3 w) e613 Algeria
/ w3 ?' E4 p( O- x; T, J8 s619 Tunisia
# @& r* x5 }6 T4 A0 t: X2 D621 Syria
# E9 g; R% Z0 ~# I: H/ z7 y622 Egypt5 \0 T$ Q! q- V& R: U2 F/ O3 z
624 Libya
: z: e) b# x q! n! R625 Jordan
- U7 e6 P3 ~0 q5 d* k626 Iran& B) x/ f/ |7 b
627 Kuwait x0 ]: d6 j+ u/ D' `/ ^$ r. k7 e
628 Saudi Arabia
4 T" K! L& `* b3 S5 i629 United Arab Emirates
3 J, @) K" G0 ]$ X64 Finland
1 I+ ?* F7 p8 N: |1 F1 W A690-692 China3 m C( T/ w: M- |4 @9 g
70 Norway, Y L( r! N6 ~* T; ~( I3 {
729 Israel& `) d0 `$ `. e& \
73 Sweden
8 r& t5 L! Z2 {# v8 [740 Guatemala
4 [& H" f; X) y6 A9 q* V# r741 El Salvador
. c/ L/ H. n0 n! s2 t. Z742 Honduras6 ]/ v" q. C, D, T# ]0 G
743 Nicaragua
, R+ N7 M. j5 P$ O% W744 Costa Rica
7 E6 y5 k3 s. V* H745 Panama& R' f/ c% L" Z6 e: c s
746 Dominican Republic
3 v( L% \$ \3 ~750 Mexico/ M* B5 u \+ f# Q9 A1 G
759 Venezuela; q5 P0 E; P# o6 H8 D$ {, W" t
76 Switzerland4 A h2 v2 h3 T9 m- X
770 Colombia; u H) x, e! O7 X1 S3 k# |
773 Uruguay, E' L( w9 \1 u0 F, p
775 Peru( h1 _' |- `% G2 V' e4 D
777 Bolivia
2 W0 _. F; W1 V0 v( A. x% z779 Argentina
; i% U, W- k4 c9 I+ d h780 Chile- k7 V6 x. W1 ], F1 z# U! V9 j
784 Paraguay
# a2 b- M* z0 I/ \7 Z4 n785 Peru
! M/ y6 p/ K/ j2 m786 Ecuador6 E' z2 Z* S3 C& X- e% @
789 Brazil
9 [* s. y C! G0 Z. d' x80-83 Italy# J( K, w. @" o% \2 ]
84 Spain+ ` e/ O6 ?) L# c$ ~2 l
850 Cuba! y4 n- V" w e- V) N. \
858 Slovakia
" U! B k+ O5 R859 Czech Republic
" n) V/ u9 z# l0 p0 \2 O9 @860 Serbia & Montenegro: P' y) I+ U5 `* h5 r
869 Turkey0 ]9 R6 E! x3 ]9 D0 H- M2 T) P
87 Netherlands
, Z& q0 g3 C' ^0 f5 |+ ^880 South Korea5 |5 l! k% ^ E. W4 R; T
885 Thailand* w6 [7 k1 e8 R
888 Singapore
2 B/ \! B8 ~& i$ V7 c890 India+ l4 s4 z5 v" Q1 m
893 Vietnam) X) n$ r5 e, p
899 Indonesia
! i+ \' X1 R+ ~% A/ ~$ g90 -91 Austria% W8 U0 Y0 I- c' @; o8 ?
93 Australia; Q, [' F, W8 e, k# m4 O
94 New Zealand3 P( F; n; f2 Q' C/ Y, s2 I
955 Malaysia1 o! s8 w$ O( d* {7 C* `
958 Macau( l- X( D0 n$ t b9 l" y# s K3 [
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
8 x, ^0 r. ~2 t: c2 K( \978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
: \7 F/ r1 r5 s9 N7 o+ ^979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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