 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
7 `. z6 M- `, `, R' G, M; c9 r. e3 N+ P1 ]& Z T- K. ^8 e$ B
一、厕所 0 Z- u1 Y8 o, R! z# j
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。 ) r2 S: e; @# ^' U7 ]
9 J0 s# P) Z1 e7 [/ r3 i/ C
二、解小便 4 X2 c9 J& q/ p
最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:
1 n. I4 J- `; q! ]& E5 C# `% { Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
( ^& s9 G0 a: Q( l" S) s$ g7 O) B
医生或许也会问:
# S# y1 S1 ^4 |) s% ^* z% N# ~ Do you have trouble urinating?
( h5 W/ R6 c9 t' g0 L, M0 L1 S: e =Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) 3 o6 P. k2 w5 n# t8 p, i9 H
+ L7 G% J4 E) b 此外,还有其他的说法: - y; y4 Y8 @0 A0 J/ T
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如: 2 F. Z p# V3 U
* I need to piss = I have to take a leak. ! p0 a5 Q( f! O9 ^ F0 E
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)
% s! L6 R6 _9 F j& v6 J
( d. q# r0 M: b5 V6 `- ? 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
. e, d2 |6 g7 V& q! f * There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
i% C" d' x' o" y/ G2 z! S 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。
% u6 w, r/ N7 U4 i6 g& }5 N3 m7 J
3 f* w) I4 L: E0 Y * He went to the john a few minutes ago.
0 x* M1 z, [. @ 他在几分钟前上了厕所。
/ [& y( |; V0 E' n! s8 [
4 n g1 E6 i! Y0 J1 D * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.
+ N/ C, X) T1 N& r" ? 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。
( l! L+ h% ~/ n( _! |( t! o9 _ [0 A8 m$ G# U+ H& v
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:
" _: j% \2 c t6 R& {# e8 q& M * The boy needs to pee. # W$ F6 h) M. b7 Y
& T6 b }. [9 I- {/ [- N
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如:
. O. t* D+ X- y1 N * Do I need a urine test?
" m* p+ C3 M2 Q, X8 S
0 a$ H0 Q m, h, v6 I* q8 r% e- x( _ 注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:
6 ] Q1 p! O. Q1 o * He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
i: q h7 S1 {+ L! P * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) $ ]+ `7 g5 ]! h9 H- k) [, V) T* h7 ?3 @6 U
; G3 q8 V- G3 L; f; B
如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
& F7 X/ t3 T. q0 G. X- { * My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) & h1 f' c6 v- H7 H! w$ U1 M
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
; U. W( Z" t- c f6 U* A2 } * I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) ( J9 {% c5 `7 ]$ F4 r
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少) ) h9 B) J0 L" d; k" Q! e& M! { P
[8 r: S% A' H J 三、解大便
& Y- u5 [3 k4 e) g; Y3 l 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: L2 ~ u/ Q7 ?
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)
v8 _7 Z/ {* U4 ~ =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
V2 N( b& [& a1 i* B# k2 n. u * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) ) R) Y. q. d6 {; J6 }) B
; Q8 {% C( C; Q 不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如: 8 h) ^) ]+ }6 g* P) i9 m4 D
* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) / _. n0 V) F# }6 f
) d$ z. _& u+ c 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: + B* _! e. |4 u n% E# _
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)
& D* @, o& p+ v/ ^
, P! @* n) @6 J, S 四、放屁
5 a4 H2 y3 Z% h) t. T4 ?! f 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问:
P; E* ?& T) g0 R$ ]! u, [, G7 v How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?
' g. X* b2 d s 你放屁的次数很多吗?
: O' t, X$ e* m! K5 C& ~8 k * Is the gas expelled by belching? ; g5 A' y8 _ V" |1 G" U, o
是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) ' r0 S; d; ~/ C9 |0 }" A; y
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted. 3 J* L* p$ P7 ?: ?0 W3 U9 v
吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。
: r# x* N g @. p7 |: m& W# E" H * He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
: Y/ B; t' L' e5 K% ^- u' v+ r 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 ! f; t& q( _; @3 o2 l* d
* Be careful not to fart in the public.
* t- ?2 [: h2 B |1 N& s 注意在公共场所不可放屁。 ) g. A3 Z4 X* \1 {
/ m" Q! X: b' e/ b' U
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如: 7 Y! [7 _; ~: {9 s, Y4 o
* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良)
0 ^ V. D3 \+ W) \ = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. 7 C2 Y% ^4 A$ r$ Z( \
注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
6 j" i. Q, Z, K" V' A! U" ?4 v( H: X) W* a
* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. 2 ~/ L) N p' D! j) x; `
胃不舒服有两星期了。)
: I- F+ p9 }, O' J7 F * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
% Z; \) V6 }$ k; \# j3 ?. E6 N 他经常便秘。) 或 : n$ ~% _' V# m( F
* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 u/ o7 h+ e/ U: P2 e# u: q
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 3 M4 Q. Z' z2 q z
* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
' v( [1 s( l4 s
, e) I+ m9 f7 D. j1 \$ j * He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
) {) Z' U0 q' t6 T: n4 \0 K 他拉了一阵肚子。
$ P/ C; ^$ a8 } * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) 6 Y+ Q5 J5 _. m5 o9 ^
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|