 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
( Z1 k! w" W+ \, d7 i, LInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
z; s: [+ ]$ O3 usyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ s- f' r1 E1 j/ m# wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial5 V9 m, {8 ?1 P8 p2 [6 P0 _
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
. k% {2 Q8 C: Z n- nretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
2 F( A/ W' S1 B# |" MA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
* a/ O, v# M3 u2 c, C3 m[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”] X- M4 l% [% A. t8 S3 A1 u, d
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
. {0 [, S; I' A: Y5 Q% qretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 ?5 M" s* z0 `, E5 W- p
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset- L: a$ J& ]8 o9 D& h
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two/ o- s. |" l$ L+ R- W: Q$ S I
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" {$ u, Q$ Y) {( M. P+ o( i: h
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.: ?' b4 [# d+ B5 Q( R
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
* h$ h+ u' b3 C3 Fcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
* C' n/ t: _, E+ a" P6 O' d, Zthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ D' `- x0 v. _4 T0 a
! ~9 R9 U2 ]* I+ G; n
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 d- i- ]5 m1 D7 g! Mand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
