 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
4 }0 ?4 O4 t' }; N9 ^Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the; X* b7 Z0 J9 z5 z
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& p2 F- G$ M% q! t6 p# y
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
- U: N& n( W. p' W- d(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of' g7 y5 {' F: Z6 @! W4 `) n' ?
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
( G |6 q7 a \8 S% S. c* tA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ G4 q; v' L+ L, H[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]5 a! D; A/ x1 k9 d
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
' z: x+ ^% Y( q+ K, U/ H* dretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 n' Q8 u; I' |. C, n) W1 o3 P" Z, K
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset) a) b+ N8 a) t8 m9 o6 d( f. Y' [
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two, ~+ ~, P, _3 z- v
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ L% I( U) W% s; g: W0 W
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.6 U% K s' |8 K/ M6 x0 q. d
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
" V* M$ V M3 j& v5 ?compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
( L1 w% V7 n! D4 i; }8 n+ |) f- ~the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
+ n( E# F# ]. n
( F3 D( s( T" i! i4 U3 I$ M. k' \(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch). ^, B9 T+ ]$ s- V j
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
