 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
5 P! \: P$ g t4 SInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 ?! n6 |) I6 G
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
7 [& D! k7 ?) c5 kand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
: M( p7 o1 Q M i- @' b8 Q, a(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
9 {5 [- m" h" uretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
1 A6 C6 u; S+ v% U: p4 P* LA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
( `, X' _1 [8 n q, f9 Z3 S/ L[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
3 U$ k: |9 }2 S( W/ G(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
: y/ c: p3 M7 S: h8 @& nretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
7 n. \: Q8 G2 N. I. a1 xpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
% Z) H( I$ d* F3 }(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two, ?* ~: u5 Q$ D. y6 {4 |
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a5 y* C g' [+ P+ c2 @& w( s
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
, V' `3 V9 @, N0 N g0 T# Iend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In' y: } T4 J w/ ?
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,7 n% u0 ^/ f% M% W: i
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
0 {, J# F% V# g( N$ u3 J% i# M
$ M6 Y8 \! z+ @! D8 k(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
. V( s' d$ d' H; @ mand American speakers of English, |
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