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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)# k7 `6 N. q4 \+ V
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Proof: 1 Z# \0 O( R& v
Let n >1 be an integer - G4 D0 {; l$ `. X
Basis: (n=2)
3 I- I! l9 t. S 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that: r- q: d* V5 R1 T
K^3 – K can by divided by 3., d5 p5 B0 z) V, m2 c/ o" h# |( H
1 z) j( y. k3 GNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 38 ]% W& r- C6 l6 n
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem3 i4 m& D( I- R6 J; J3 [. {$ \
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1): _5 f6 j& |' H. T# T8 B% }- L
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K% t1 v$ j5 c) ~. N
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)/ e+ M, g1 H: O; H$ L! T/ b
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
: o0 ]; n+ l l! F3 `1 x- Kby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0! F. _. @9 j, N2 B
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
6 G; } U, }# v = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)" ~9 c. e4 t2 Y) u9 K
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.* R+ f l/ y+ a
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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