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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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/ {: a) o: D5 H* h+ ^7 F7 oProof:
0 q; r) y$ c: [; h! F5 H8 ?7 RLet n >1 be an integer
6 w* ?% P3 d6 qBasis: (n=2)5 j8 w' Q3 U5 `& @+ \6 _; v# f$ Z
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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" N w, w, c5 HInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that- p% J' D% C: O7 t. D( [
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3/ E0 x2 X5 R# i% t* a
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
+ `/ o- g# S9 Z% Q! E; N# @Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)/ Y) t+ S4 ?' v
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
1 {& C( p% T$ v3 U' s" { = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)+ D! U8 F1 Y' r& x
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
+ F" j' @; k. D" zby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
2 E/ `+ `; }5 [- h6 f; d. w! eSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 K8 o# Q- E& d: s* ^$ ]
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
4 l1 e( {6 U( q$ ~5 B. o. x ? = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.) G) Z, r5 C* s5 S6 c
9 S+ R- D) Q4 m[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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