 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)) Z1 u* T) m8 @9 u! q5 q$ ` C
8 R1 d: u! i5 y! f/ N8 g2 KProof:
. N1 |2 R: w% }, n8 ZLet n >1 be an integer
) K1 z, U0 {" t( p9 XBasis: (n=2)6 ?' e' `( b# h5 j) E$ _6 }
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3" V5 c# h8 `$ Q2 g4 d5 a
. {" Q4 ^+ l1 P8 N. W' G
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that" O% |7 G) a8 C8 W
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
" Q9 j9 L( l! q+ C* p4 l. G6 H7 _2 H+ h6 C- E
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 36 M2 s, q6 R! P* b) c* g) o- R" \
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem1 s! ^# V Z, n/ J3 a3 E4 B
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)/ a# L: N. u4 W9 h0 L" D; s' M7 ]
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
! o# t" o" f X! _5 H = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K). s. A( z( _: C2 G! S
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K), c; t. }4 M* U! m4 H$ h0 g# t# n
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0: `5 u8 q" x! o" e$ Y& P, m/ A# ~
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
4 c- t6 v4 B) @* |. ^ = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ ~5 }+ n' _1 B4 P& { L
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3 ?& m- Z N2 O5 S! f$ x
. D( r1 w0 x% D# z* D1 y0 X: O
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.$ I7 g3 z2 D% H9 g; ]: G. E
5 m* v; L# x: H* q+ R[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|