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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 2 b1 G) }, J- V4 \8 F+ z" y5 I
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China! q2 I3 k& [+ o. t
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
# h! f' k1 z7 f4 c1 C5 |# dFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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$ l$ @6 @! z4 d& s! HLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
$ z: K& \* ^5 @. d1 ~. qFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
. m! G( o/ U8 }8 e" eReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
) E% }; |3 j" M; f* B& n @Published online 26 January 2018 k3 u2 R5 M/ r& x8 j& ]
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7 n* D% C" f; A' NAbstract l4 F6 p; g! G, r
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
+ L7 K: q* {6 P& Q2 dDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
" I5 ]! d/ w( F; F" B4 ~Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been, j4 e3 K( ?, k2 u
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
% y% S& u7 D& T5 Monly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
! D1 X4 c8 Z1 D' ?# @works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
9 H% z3 w0 w* @7 X3 Nto the standardization of the scientific terminology
0 Z! J3 z5 w$ q0 K+ ]translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s: o- t0 w0 Q2 {$ u `4 b6 m3 n" o
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
* l4 r% B* E5 `% dand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
. Q) T: @5 A' N, L3 J( X' ~standardization of the scientific terminology translation
" I; `# Q4 W$ W f3 W" n1 X$ P' U0 [in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
. b( F/ f+ R: x7 c5 r5 a; `he established had helped greatly with the popularization
, y- v# x9 z' s; b+ S; hof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
2 W) j5 t, q. A, ?the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
0 J+ H2 w( C' P' U# l1 ffor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and# k# f" b! E F/ Q, \' K
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a+ j7 S% x2 Y8 ~: J
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
- z8 _8 \: I) n, S4 R# yterminology.
& v$ D1 L y/ g6 T, \! M' a tKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
- C1 C3 L/ o; s( YStandardization of terminology translation
- F* z J, J; c4 e3 ?! E& `4 TYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to" ?/ U) ^ F8 C8 N! I; D$ z
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
: t3 _. A" s. EChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available; ]0 ~* R/ C, e4 G' X" w! e
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
' {) [8 @- m9 F1 Y* O1 kDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102137 b: Y1 \% {& v: k$ o0 Q3 F; m: C
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INTRODUCTION
5 e# L: P( z4 u9 K" a' N8 ^John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
2 [. \/ C3 ?) L" ~' V% s! ja great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
) {. r; Y/ e: ]) c% dDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
7 v( q x! }$ d4 V5 Y% W" a4 a3 v- C. ?Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
7 n/ r* T" E9 w. S/ m: aSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
$ o% l9 p: e# y# [by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
5 b6 ^5 P) L( P' o& W) Han editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on$ ], C% G1 Q" H0 G* W
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
6 @. y& ^1 x$ p O" Q' q1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
; p. p5 P9 K% i4 R6 _works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
) I/ x7 }5 E+ T/ {2 D$ P/ h# FFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
$ M) p/ w' f/ F uNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated! \1 z. E: ]; r0 W* \2 ~( B
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant& V7 v6 h5 c1 ~$ b2 B! l
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,1 w4 s! L! Y8 X ~- @! D$ L0 K
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
7 u( k& a b/ ~2 b3 Y& BFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
# W6 _$ X* _/ Y: H( \; O# Obooks that made him the most productive one among the
8 ]8 M0 j1 Y9 ~& ?' E$ jforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,7 @. L+ J$ h+ \ P5 J
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a; y" A9 Z& y; [& i
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
2 q9 ]5 G4 \3 s7 L9 u6 y; c# jpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
( T( T1 [* s0 n, a! h1 ^$ qIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
% h' q5 S8 Z- R- F: }6 F3 O3 ]3 zalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western& Y' b4 ~5 I1 M0 U
science and the standardization of translated scientific1 b) ^( R, ]' i5 j; b. ], v
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
( w4 m/ w' z( @5 u* o5 _magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the1 h/ |% ~: d- \" \' s( a5 f1 N. s
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another7 Z3 J- r; E# i: N/ _
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
9 \" }1 [6 G( \8 j# e8 l& mof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in) \1 U7 D1 ]( p; v3 k, B5 z
Modern China.
4 d, k; y4 R& Q' ~4 n# @% ~# T5 FAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published5 Z% \5 s k% S- B" z
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of+ H1 q6 r( o1 W9 ^/ t9 L7 z
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
8 R9 |4 e4 R7 t8 x4 a- c1 ya lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In y0 `# T1 A8 G, { q1 j
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
% q% j) c3 y2 r5 o! T* h8 ]) n7 }Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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